Biological Emergences

Author : Robert G. B. Reid
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2009-08-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262264426

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Biological Emergences by Robert G. B. Reid Pdf

A critique of selectionism and the proposal of an alternate theory of emergent evolution that is causally sufficient for evolutionary biology. Natural selection is commonly interpreted as the fundamental mechanism of evolution. Questions about how selection theory can claim to be the all-sufficient explanation of evolution often go unanswered by today's neo-Darwinists, perhaps for fear that any criticism of the evolutionary paradigm will encourage creationists and proponents of intelligent design. In Biological Emergences, Robert Reid argues that natural selection is not the cause of evolution. He writes that the causes of variations, which he refers to as natural experiments, are independent of natural selection; indeed, he suggests, natural selection may get in the way of evolution. Reid proposes an alternative theory to explain how emergent novelties are generated and under what conditions they can overcome the resistance of natural selection. He suggests that what causes innovative variation causes evolution, and that these phenomena are environmental as well as organismal. After an extended critique of selectionism, Reid constructs an emergence theory of evolution, first examining the evidence in three causal arenas of emergent evolution: symbiosis/association, evolutionary physiology/behavior, and developmental evolution. Based on this evidence of causation, he proposes some working hypotheses, examining mechanisms and processes common to all three arenas, and arrives at a theoretical framework that accounts for generative mechanisms and emergent qualities. Without selectionism, Reid argues, evolutionary innovation can more easily be integrated into a general thesis. Finally, Reid proposes a biological synthesis of rapid emergent evolutionary phases and the prolonged, dynamically stable, non-evolutionary phases imposed by natural selection.

Author : Gianfranco Minati,Eliano Pessa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461507536

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Emergence in Complex, Cognitive, Social, and Biological Systems by Gianfranco Minati,Eliano Pessa Pdf

The systems movement is made up of many systems societies as well as of disciplinary researchers and researches, explicitly or implicitly focusing on the subject of systemics, officially introduced in the scientific community fifty years ago. Many researches in different fields have been and continue to be sources of new ideas and challenges for the systems community. To this regard, a very important topic is the one of EMERGENCE. Between the goals for the actual and future systems scientists there is certainly the definition of a general theory of emergence and the building of a general model of it. The Italian Systems Society, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sui Sistemi (AIRS), decided to devote its Second National Conference to this subject. Because AIRS is organized under the form of a network of researchers, institutions, scholars, professionals, and teachers, its research activity has an impact at different levels and in different ways. Thus the topic of emergence was not only the focus of this conference but it is actually the main subject of many AIRS activities.

Author : Tener Goodwin Veenema, PhD, MPH, MS, CPNP, FAAN
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
Page : 803 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2012-08-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780826108654

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Disaster Nursing and Emergency Preparedness for Chemical, Biological, and Radiological Terrorism and Other Hazards by Tener Goodwin Veenema, PhD, MPH, MS, CPNP, FAAN Pdf

The new edition of this AJN Book of the Year continues to provide nurses with the most comprehensive, current, and reliable information available so they can develop the skills to efficiently and effectively respond to disasters or public health emergencies. Meticulously researched and reviewed by the worldís foremost experts in preparedness for terrorism, natural disasters, and other unanticipated health emergencies, the text has been revised and updated with significant new content, including 10 new chapters and a digital adjunct teacher's guide with exercises and critical thinking questions. This new edition has strengthened its pediatric focus with updated and expanded chapters on caring for children's physical, mental, and behavioral health following a disaster. New chapters address climate change, global complex human emergencies, caring for patients with HIV/AIDS following a disaster, information technology and disaster response, and hospital and emergency department preparedness. The text provides a vast amount of evidence-based information on disaster planning and response for natural and environmental disasters and those caused by chemical, biological, and radiological elements, as well as disaster recovery. It also addresses leadership, management, and policy issues in disaster nursing and deepens our understanding of the importance of protecting mental health throughout the disaster life cycle. Each chapter is clearly formatted and includes Key Messages and Learning Objectives. Appendices present diagnosis and treatment regimens, creating personal disaster plans, a damage assessment guide, a glossary of terms, and more. Consistent with the Federal Disaster Response Framework, the book promotes competency-based expert nursing care during disasters and positive health outcomes for small and large populations. Key Features: Provides 10 new chapters and new content throughout the text Includes digital teacherís guide with exercises and critical thinking questions Consistent with current U.S. federal guidelines for disaster response Disseminates state-of-the-science, evidence-based information New Chapters: Management of the Pregnant Woman and Newborn During Disasters Management of Patients With HIV/AIDS During Disasters Disaster Nursing in Schools and Other Child Congregate Care Settings Global Complex Human Emergencies Climate Change and the Role of the Nurse in Policy and Practice Human Services Needs Following Disaster Events and Disaster Case Management Hospital and Emergency Department Preparedness National Nurse Preparedness: Achieving Competency-Based Expert Practice Medical Countermeasures Dispensing

Author : John R. Cashman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 524 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2008-03-31
Category : House & Home
ISBN : 9781420052664

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Emergency Response Handbook for Chemical and Biological Agents and Weapons by John R. Cashman Pdf

Updated to reflect the numerous advances that have evolved since the September 11 terrorist attacks, Emergency Response Handbook for Chemical and Biological Agents and Weapons, Second Edition maintains its reputation as a comprehensive training manual for emergency responders to incidents involving nuclear, biological, and chemical materials

Author : William R. Stoeger
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2007-04-05
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780191525469

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Evolution and Emergence by William R. Stoeger Pdf

A collection of essays by experts in the field, exploring how nature works at every level to produce more complex and highly organized objects, systems, and organisms from much simpler components, and how our increasing understanding of this universal phenomenon of emergence can lead us to a deeper and richer appreciation of who we are as human beings and of our relationship to God. Several chapters introduce the key philosophical ideas about reductionism and emergence, while others explore the fascinating world of emergent phenomena in physics, biology, and the neurosciences. Finally there are contributions probing the meaning and significance of these findings for our general description of the world and ourselves in relation to God, from philosophy and theology. The collection as a whole will extend the mutual creative interaction among the sciences, philosophy, and theology.

Author : John R. Cashman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : House & Home
ISBN : 1420048449

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Emergency Response to Chemical and Biological Agents by John R. Cashman Pdf

With the increasing availability of biological and chemical materials, the threat of terrorism grows daily. Innocent bystanders -the major targets of terrorists because they gain the most publicity - create a vast number of potential victims. In our changing world, horrendous violence has become commonplace. The growth of incidences involving chemical and biological agents has created a need for local response teams to be aware of the dangers they face. Emergency Response to Chemical and Biological Agents serves as a training manual for emergency responders who handle incidents involving biological and chemical hazardous materials. The author covers poisons such as nerve, blood, blister, and choking gases and biological agents such as anthrax, typhus, and cholera. Using examples ripped from the headlines, he explains what is and is not a terrorist act, and the difference in handling each incident. In addition the author explains the standard operating procedures of Hazardous Materials Teams before, during, and after an incident. Whether terrorist act or chemical spill, local responders usually reach the scene first. As these incidents multiply - and they will - these teams will need a blueprint for dealing with chemical and biological materials. Emergency Response to Chemical and Biological Agents provides a clear, concise plan of action for responding to these incidents.

Author : Pier Luigi Luisi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2006-07-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139455640

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The Emergence of Life by Pier Luigi Luisi Pdf

The origin of life from inanimate matter has been the focus of much research for decades, both experimentally and philosophically. Luisi takes the reader through the consecutive stages from prebiotic chemistry to synthetic biology, uniquely combining both approaches. This book presents a systematic course discussing the successive stages of self-organisation, emergence, self-replication, autopoiesis, synthetic compartments and construction of cellular models, in order to demonstrate the spontaneous increase in complexity from inanimate matter to the first cellular life forms. A chapter is dedicated to each of these steps, using a number of synthetic and biological examples. With end-of-chapter review questions to aid reader comprehension, this book will appeal to graduate students and academics researching the origin of life and related areas such as evolutionary biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, biophysics and natural sciences.

Author : Philip Clayton,Paul Davies
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2006-06-30
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780191516016

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The Re-Emergence of Emergence by Philip Clayton,Paul Davies Pdf

Much of the modern period was dominated by a `reductionist' theory of science. On this view, to explain any event in the world is to reduce it down to fundamental particles, laws, and forces. In recent years reductionism has been dramatically challenged by a radically new paradigm called `emergence'. According to this new theory, natural history reveals the continuous emergence of novel phenomena: new structures and new organisms with new causal powers. Consciousness is yet one more emergent level in the natural hierarchy. Many theologians and religious scholars believe that this new paradigm may offer new insights into the nature of God and God's relation to the world. This volume introduces readers to emergence theory, outlines the major arguments in its defence, and summarizes the most powerful objections against it. Written by experts but suitable as an introductory text, these essays provide the best available presentation of this exciting new field and its potentially momentous implications.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 53 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781428980785

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An introduction to biological agent detection equipment for emergency first responders by Anonim Pdf

Author : Lars H. Wegner,Ulrich Lüttge
Publisher : Springer
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2019-02-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030061289

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Emergence and Modularity in Life Sciences by Lars H. Wegner,Ulrich Lüttge Pdf

This book focuses on modules and emergence with self-organization in the life sciences. As Aristotle observed so long ago, the whole is more than the sum of its parts. However, contemporary science is dominated by reductionist concepts and tends to neglect the non-reproducible features of complex systems, which emerge from the interaction of the smaller units they are composed of. The book is divided into three major parts; the essays in part A highlight the conceptual basis of emergence, linking it to the philosophy of science, systems biology and sustainability. This is subsequently exemplified in part B by applying the concept of emergence to various biological disciplines, such as genetics, developmental biology, neurobiology, plant physiology and ecology. New aspects of emergence come into play when biology meets the technical sciences, as revealed in a chapter on bionics. In turn, part C adopts a broader view, revealing how the organization of life follows a hierarchical order in terms of scalar dimensions, ranging from the molecular level to the entire biosphere. The idea that life is primarily and exclusively shaped by processes at the molecular level (and, in particular, by the information encoded in the genome) is refuted; rather, there is no hierarchy with respect to the level of causation in the cross-talk between the levels. In the last two chapters, the evolutionary trend toward ever-increasing complexity in living systems is interpreted in terms of the Gaia hypothesis sensu Lovelock: the entire biosphere is viewed as a functional unit (or ‘holobiont-like system’) organized to develop and sustain life on Earth.

Author : Raju Pookottil
Publisher : Troubador Publishing Ltd
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2013-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780957500501

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Beem by Raju Pookottil Pdf

Biological Emergence - Based Evolutionary Mechanism. How species direct their own evolution.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Veterans' Affairs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Bioterrorism
ISBN : MINN:31951D02246067B

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Department of Veterans Affairs Emergency Preparedness Research, Education, and Bio-terrorism Prevention Act of 2002 by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Veterans' Affairs Pdf

Author : David Moore
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2013-01-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139620659

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Fungal Biology in the Origin and Emergence of Life by David Moore Pdf

The rhythm of life on Earth includes several strong themes contributed by Kingdom Fungi. So why are fungi ignored when theorists ponder the origin of life? Casting aside common theories that life originated in an oceanic primeval soup, in a deep, hot place, or even a warm little pond, this is a mycological perspective on the emergence of life on Earth. The author traces the crucial role played by the first biofilms – products of aerosols, storms, volcanic plumes and rainout from a turbulent atmosphere – which formed in volcanic caves 4 billion years ago. Moore describes how these biofilms contributed to the formation of the first prokaryotic cells, and later, unicellular stem eukaryotes, highlighting the role of the fungal grade of organisation in the evolution of higher organisms. Based on the latest research, this is a unique account of the origin of life and its evolutionary diversity to the present day.

Author : Bernard Pullman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 498 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0691012385

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The Emergence of Complexity in Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Biology by Bernard Pullman Pdf

In this volume, some of the world's leading scientists discuss the role of complexity across all the scientific disciplines. Opinions differ: for some, complexity holds the key to a deeper and fuller understanding of the world; to others, it is merely a modern version of the philsophers' stone.

Author : Henry Quastler
Publisher : New Haven : Yale University Press
Page : 106 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1964
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015004340215

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The Emergence of Biological Organization by Henry Quastler Pdf