Borderline Case

Author : National Research Council,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1998-02-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309063685

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Borderline Case by National Research Council,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy Pdf

The growing integration of world markets for capital and goods, coupled with the rise of instantaneous worldwide communication, has made identification of corporations as "American," "Dutch," or "Japanese" extremely difficult. Yet tax treatment does depend of where a firm is chartered. And, as Borderline Case documents, there is little doubt that tax rules for firms doing business in several nationsâ€"firms that account for more than three-quarters of corporate R&D spending in the United Statesâ€"have substantial effects on corporate decisionmaking and, ultimately, U.S. competitiveness. This book explores the impact of the U.S. tax code and its incentives on the international activities of U.S.- and foreign-based firms: basic research outlays, expenditures on product and process development, and plant and equipment investment. The authors include industry experts from large multinational firms in technology and pharmaceuticals, academic researchers who have explored the quantitative impact of tax provisions on R&D, and tax policy analysts who have examined international tax rules in the broader context of tax reform. These experts look at how corporate investment and R&D are shaped by specific tax provisions, such as the definition of taxable income, relative tax burdens on domestic and foreign business, taxation of earnings repatriated to the United States, deductibility of expenses of worldwide operations, and U.S. corporate taxes relative to other countries. The volume explores prescriptions and prospects for tax reform and reviews major reform proposals and their implications for the behavior of multinational business.

Author : Delia Graff,Timothy Williamson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 497 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351876193

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Vagueness by Delia Graff,Timothy Williamson Pdf

Vagueness, volume XX, contains twenty-seven essays, with issues covered including: nihilism, phenomenal sorites, degrees of truth, epistemicism, higher-order vagueness, contextualism, and intuitionism. Written by leading contemporary philosophers, these essays will be of interest to researchers in philosophy of language, philosophical logic, metaphysics and epistemology; as well as those in natural language semantics, artificial intelligence and cognitive science more generally. A substantial introduction written by the editors provides a guide to the topic and to the essays in the volume.

Author : Stewart Shapiro
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2006-01-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780199280391

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Vagueness in Context by Stewart Shapiro Pdf

Stewart Shapiro's aim in Vagueness in Context is to develop both a philosophical and a formal, model-theoretic account of the meaning, function, and logic of vague terms in an idealized version of a natural language like English. It is a commonplace that the extensions of vague terms vary with such contextual factors as the comparison class and paradigm cases. A person can be tall with respect to male accountants and not tall (even short) with respect to professionalbasketball players. The main feature of Shapiro's account is that the extensions (and anti-extensions) of vague terms also vary in the course of a conversation, even after the external contextual features, such as the comparison class, are fixed. A central thesis is that in some cases, a competent speaker ofthe language can go either way in the borderline area of a vague predicate without sinning against the meaning of the words and the non-linguistic facts. Shapiro calls this open texture, borrowing the term from Friedrich Waismann.The formal model theory has a similar structure to the supervaluationist approach, employing the notion of a sharpening of a base interpretation. In line with the philosophical account, however, the notion of super-truth does not play a central role in the development of validity. The ultimate goal of the technical aspects of the work is to delimit a plausible notion of logical consequence, and to explore what happens with the sorites paradox.Later chapters deal with what passes for higher-order vagueness - vagueness in the notions of 'determinacy' and 'borderline' - and with vague singular terms, or objects. In each case, the philosophical picture is developed by extending and modifying the original account. This is followed with modifications to the model theory and the central meta-theorems.As Shapiro sees it, vagueness is a linguistic phenomenon, due to the kinds of languages that humans speak. But vagueness is also due to the world we find ourselves in, as we try to communicate features of it to each other. Vagueness is also due to the kinds of beings we are. There is no need to blame the phenomenon on any one of those aspects.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781135212827

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Philosophy of Personal Identity and Multiple Personality by Anonim Pdf

Author : Sagid Salles
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030667818

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Vagueness as Arbitrariness by Sagid Salles Pdf

This book proposes a new solution to the problem of vagueness. There are several different ways of addressing this problem and no clear agreement on which one is correct. The author proposes that it should be understood as the problem of explaining vague predicates in a way that systematizes six intuitions about the phenomenon and satisfies three criteria of adequacy for an ideal theory of vagueness. The third criterion, which is called the “criterion of precisification”, is the most controversial one. It is based on the intuition that a predicate is vague only if it is imprecise. The author considers some different definitions of linguistic imprecision, proposing that a predicate is imprecise if and only if there is no sharp boundary between objects to which its application yields some particular truth-value and objects to which its application does not yield that truth-value. The volume critically reviews the current theories of vagueness and proposes a new one, the Theory of Vagueness as Arbitrariness, which defines a vague predicate as an arbitrary predicate that must be precisified in order to contribute to a sentence that has truth-conditions. The main advantages of this theory over the current alternatives are that it satisfies all three criteria and systematizes the relevant intuitions.

Author : Roy A. Sorensen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2002-01-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134868520

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Pseudo-Problems by Roy A. Sorensen Pdf

First published in 1993. Why do mirrors reverse left and right but not up and down? Does time flow at an even rate? These are just two of the questions that won't be answered in Pseudo-Problems. This book explains how problems are dissolved rather than solved. Roy Sorenson takes the most important and interesting examples from one hundred years of analytic philosophy (and the odd one from the centuries before) to consolidate a new theory of dissolution. Pseudo-Problems is a fast-moving, fascinating alternative history of twentieth-century analytic philosophy, and a fine example of what philosophical analysis should be. Not least, it is an important contribution to the debates about creativity and problem solving.

Author : Lois W. Choi-Kain,John G. Gunderson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2014-10-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781493913145

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Borderline Personality and Mood Disorders by Lois W. Choi-Kain,John G. Gunderson Pdf

In Borderline Personality and Mood Disorders: Comorbidity and Controversy, a panel of distinguished experts reviews the last two decades of progress in scientific inquiry about the relationship between mood and personality disorders and the influence of this empirical data on our ways of conceptualizing and treating them. This comprehensive title opens with an introduction defining general trends both influencing the expansion of the mood disorder spectrum and undermining clinical recognition and focus on personality disorders. The overlaps and differences between MDD and BPD in phenomenology and biological markers are then reviewed, followed by a review of the overlaps and distinctions between more atypical mood disorder variants. Further chapters review the current state of thinking on the distinctions between bipolar disorder and BPD, with attention to problems of misdiagnosis and use of clinical vignettes to illustrate important distinguishing features. Two models explaining the relationship between mood, temperament, and personality are offered, followed by a review of the literature on risk factors and early signs of BPD and mood disorders in childhood through young adulthood as well as a review of the longitudinal studies on BPD and mood disorders. The last segment of the book includes three chapters on treatment. The book closes with a conclusion with a synthesis of the current status of thinking on the relationship between mood and borderline personality disorder. An invaluable contribution to the literature, Borderline Personality and Mood Disorders: Comorbidity and Controversy insightfully addresses the mood and personality disorders realms of psychiatry and outlines that it has moved away from contentious debate and toward the possibility of synthesis, providing increasing clarity on the relationship between mood and personality to inform improvements in clinical management of the convergence of these psychiatric domains in common practice.

Author : Michael H. Stone
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 590 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1986-02
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780814778500

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Essential Papers on Borderline Disorders by Michael H. Stone Pdf

The book is divided into sections with seminal papers from each decade. The preface of each section, written by the editor, places each paper in it's historical context and making for a fascinating story of an aspect of the history of psychoanalysis and psychiatry in America.

Author : Lawrence Block
Publisher : Titan Books (US, CA)
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2014-05-20
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9781781167786

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Borderline by Lawrence Block Pdf

THE SCORCHING PULP NOVEL BY LAWRENCE BLOCK, AVAILABLE FOR THE FIRST TIME IN 50 YEARS! On the border between El Paso, Texas, and Juarez, Mexico, five lives are about to collide - with fatal results. You'll meet MARTY - the professional gambler who rolls the dice on a night with... MEG - the bored divorcee who seeks excitement and finds... LILY - the beautiful hitchhiker lured into a live sex show by... CASSIE - the redhead with her own private agenda... and WEAVER - the madman, the killer with a straight razor in his pocket, on the run from the police and determined to go down swinging! This is MWA Grand Master Lawrence Block at his rawest and most visceral, a bloody, bawdy, brutal story of passion and punishment--and of lines that were never meant to be crossed.

Author : Iwao Akita
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-16
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317617150

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A Japanese Jungian Perspective on Mental Health and Culture by Iwao Akita Pdf

A Japanese Jungian Perspective on Mental Health and Culture: Wandering Madness explores differences between Western and Japanese models of mental health. It argues that while the advent of modern mental health has brought about seminal changes in our understanding of and relationship to those who face its challenges, the cure also seems to be something of the cause, as the classification of mental disorders continues to expand and increasing numbers of people show up to fill them. In this book, psychiatrist and Jungian analyst Iwao Akita presents a new theory of psycheology in order to highlight what has been lost in our rush to medicalize the psyche, as well as offer a remedy for restoring balance. Drawing upon examples from both Japanese and Western cultures, Dr. Akita discusses an alternative perspective to the polarized viewpoint towards which the West tends. He distinguishes the concept of madness from psychopathology and outlines its dynamics through numerous clinical and cultural examples. He describes the underlying dynamics of substance use and personality disorders, makes important links between these conditions, and clarifies how they can develop into madness. With references to familiar stories and myths from Western and Japanese cultures, this book makes an important contribution to our understanding of mental illness and health, while also making us more aware of how these issues are common to the human experience. This book will be of key interest to academics, researchers, and postgraduate students in the fields of psychoanalysis, Jungian and Post-Jungian studies, and mental health studies. It will also appeal to psychiatrists and other mental health professionals, as well as those with a particular interest in substance use, personality disorders, madness, and cross-cultural comparisons of mental health models.

Author : Janet Wirth-Cauchon
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 0813528917

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Women and Borderline Personality Disorder by Janet Wirth-Cauchon Pdf

"A superb, up-to-date feminist analysis of the borderline condition. . . . Characterized by stereotypically feminine qualities, such as poor interpersonal boundaries and an unstable sense of self, borderline diagnosis has been questioned by many as a veiled replacement of the hysteria diagnosis. . . . Wirth-Cauchon includes narratives from women exhibiting the theoretical underpinnings of the borderline diagnosis. . . . The author is rigorous in her analysis, and mainstream academics and diagnosticians should take note lest they create yet another label that disregards the contradictory and conflicting expectations experienced by so many women. Includes an excellent bibliography and a wealth of good reference. Highly recommended."-Choice "This book contributes to a rich, feminist interdisciplinary theoretical understanding of women's psychological distress, and represents an excellent companion volume to Dana Becker's book titled Through the Looking Glass."-Psychology of Women Quarterly "Wonderfully written. . . . [The] argument proceeds with an impeccable and transparent logic, the writing is sophisticated, evocative, even inspired. This work should have enormous appeal."- Kenneth Gergen, author of Realities and Relationships "Impressive in its synthesis of many different ideas . . . both clinicians and people diagnosed with BPD may find much of value in Wirth-Cauchon's thoughtful and provoking analysis."-Metapsychology At the beginning of the twentieth century, "hysteria" as a medical or psychiatric diagnosis was primarily applied to women. In fact, the term itself comes from the Greek, meaning "wandering womb." We have since learned that this diagnosis had evolved from certain assumptions about women's social roles and mental characteristics, and is no longer in use. The modern equivalent of hysteria, however, may be borderline personality disorder, defined as "a pervasive pattern of instability of self-image, interpersonal relationships, and mood, beginning in early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts." This diagnosis is applied to women so much more often than to men that feminists have begun to raise important questions about the social, cultural, and even the medical assumptions underlying this "illness." Women are said to be "unstable" when they may be trying to reconcile often contradictory and conflicting social expectations. In Women and Borderline Personality Disorder, Janet Wirth-Cauchon presents a feminist cultural analysis of the notions of "unstable" selfhood found in case narratives of women diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. This exploration of contemporary post-Freudian psychoanalytic notions of the self as they apply to women's identity conflicts is an important contribution to the literature on social constructions of mental illness in women and feminist critiques of psychiatry in general. Janet Wirth-Cauchon is an associate professor of sociology at Drake University.

Author : Roy Sorensen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190468637

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A Cabinet of Philosophical Curiosities by Roy Sorensen Pdf

Will you answer this question in the same way that you will answer my next question? Done? Good! Will you buy this book?. Inside you will discover that your only truthful answer to this second question is affirmative. Logic has made some men rich. Inside this book you will learn of John Eck (who debated Luther in 1519). He Will you answer this question in the same way that you will answer my next question? Done? Good! Will you buy this book? Inside you will discover that your only truthful answer to this second question is affirmative. A Cabinet of Philosophical Curiosities is a colorful collection of puzzles and paradoxes, both historical and contemporary, by philosopher Roy Sorensen. Taking inspiration from Ian Stewart's Professor Stewart's Cabinet of Mathematical Curiosities, which assembled interesting "maths" from outside the classroom into a miscellany of marvels, these puzzles are ready to be enjoyed independently but gain mutual support when read in clusters. The volume ranges from simple examples to anomalous anomalies, considers data that seems to confirm a generalization while lowering its probability, and argues that we are doomed to believe infinitely many contradictions-and that the pain of contradictions can be profoundly stimulating.Inside this book you will learn of John Eck, who debated Luther in 1519. He devised a sequence of contracts that sidestepped usury laws, and German bankers made a fortune from this Triple Contract. Sorensen also recounts how Voltaire set himself up for life by exploiting a fallacy in the construction of a Parisian lottery. There is logic for altruists, too. You will discover how General Benjamin Butler used other-centric reasoning to protect runaway slaves. There are historical snapshots of logic in action, and the book contains tributes to Lewis Carroll, Arthur Prior, and Peter Geach. In addition to short essays, there are dialogues, cures and insults.

Author : Fred Landman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789401132121

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Structures for Semantics by Fred Landman Pdf

Formalization plays an important role in semantics. Doing semantics and following the literature requires considerable technical sophistica tion and acquaintance with quite advanced mathematical techniques and structures. But semantics isn't mathematics. These techniques and structures are tools that help us build semantic theories. Our real aim is to understand semantic phenomena and we need the technique to make our understanding of these phenomena precise. The problems in semantics are most often too hard and slippery, to completely trust our informal understanding of them. This should not be taken as an attack on informal reasoning in semantics. On the contrary, in my view, very often the essential insight in a diagnosis of what is going on in a certain semantic phenomenon takes place at the informal level. It is very easy, however, to be misled into thinking that a certain informal insight provides a satisfying analysis of a certain problem; it will often turn out that there is a fundamental unclarity about what the informal insight actually is. Formalization helps to sharpen those insights and put them to the test.

Author : James F. Masterson, M.D.
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134841547

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Psychotherapy Of The Borderline Adult by James F. Masterson, M.D. Pdf

First published in 1988. This volume brings diagnostic order, a comprehensible theory, and a clinical approach out of the confusion surrounding the "borderline" concept.

Author : W.W. Park
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781447112952

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The Histology of Borderline Cancer by W.W. Park Pdf

possibly neoplastic, some not. In essence, the Often enough, in diagnosing cancer the last word rests with the pathologist and his or her micro book is concerned with interpretation of the scope. Often enough, too, the pathologist is borderline or histologically equivocal case and thought to dispense absolute truth: he does his the clinical implications thereof. It is based on best, but the truth he dispenses is not absolute. so me 390 examples of which most are individu Rather, with a greater or lesser degree of con ally described in brief. No useful purpose is fidence, he is making aprediction or expressing served by giving in detail the clinical and patho a prob ability of a certain kind of biological logical circumstances of every patient with, say, behaviour, and the degree of confidence with a dubious lesion of endometrium or larynx, or which he operates is based on experience. This with a similarly borderline papilloma in bladder experience is, in turn, based on the recollection or rectum, for each of these lesions exemplifies of earlier events, counsel from his mentors, from a familiar and 'standard' problem. Problems of his studies, and from discussions with colleagues. this kind will be examined as such but not the It would be going too far to agree with those details of every patient who posed them.