Brain Computations

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Brain Computations

Author : Edmund T. Rolls
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 954 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780198871101

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Brain Computations by Edmund T. Rolls Pdf

In order to understand how the brain works, it is essential to know WHAT is computed by different brain systems, and HOW those computations are performed. This is the aim of Brain Computations: What and How. Pioneering in its approach, this book will be of interest to all scientists interested in brain function and how the brain works

Brain Computations and Connectivity

Author : Edmund T. Rolls
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1174 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2023-07-11
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780198887928

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Brain Computations and Connectivity by Edmund T. Rolls Pdf

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read on the Oxford Academic platform and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Brain Computations and Connectivity is about how the brain works. In order to understand this, it is essential to know what is computed by different brain systems; and how the computations are performed. The aim of this book is to elucidate what is computed in different brain systems; and to describe current biologically plausible computational approaches and models of how each of these brain systems computes. Understanding the brain in this way has enormous potential for understanding ourselves better in health and in disease. Potential applications of this understanding are to the treatment of the brain in disease; and to artificial intelligence which will benefit from knowledge of how the brain performs many of its extraordinarily impressive functions. This book is pioneering in taking this approach to brain function: to consider what is computed by many of our brain systems; and how it is computed, and updates by much new evidence including the connectivity of the human brain the earlier book: Rolls (2021) Brain Computations: What and How, Oxford University Press. Brain Computations and Connectivity will be of interest to all scientists interested in brain function and how the brain works, whether they are from neuroscience, or from medical sciences including neurology and psychiatry, or from the area of computational science including machine learning and artificial intelligence, or from areas such as theoretical physics.

Memory and the Computational Brain

Author : C. R. Gallistel,Adam Philip King
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2009-04-27
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1405122870

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Memory and the Computational Brain by C. R. Gallistel,Adam Philip King Pdf

Memory and the Computational Brain offers a provocative argument that goes to the heart of neuroscience, proposing that the field can and should benefit from the recent advances of cognitive science and the development of information theory over the course of the last several decades. A provocative argument that impacts across the fields of linguistics, cognitive science, and neuroscience, suggesting new perspectives on learning mechanisms in the brain Proposes that the field of neuroscience can and should benefit from the recent advances of cognitive science and the development of information theory Suggests that the architecture of the brain is structured precisely for learning and for memory, and integrates the concept of an addressable read/write memory mechanism into the foundations of neuroscience Based on lectures in the prestigious Blackwell-Maryland Lectures in Language and Cognition, and now significantly reworked and expanded to make it ideal for students and faculty

Brain Computation as Hierarchical Abstraction

Author : Dana H. Ballard
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 457 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2015-02-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262028615

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Brain Computation as Hierarchical Abstraction by Dana H. Ballard Pdf

An argument that the complexities of brain function can be understood hierarchically, in terms of different levels of abstraction, as silicon computing is.

Brain Computation as Hierarchical Abstraction

Author : Dana H. Ballard
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 457 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2015-02-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262534123

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Brain Computation as Hierarchical Abstraction by Dana H. Ballard Pdf

An argument that the complexities of brain function can be understood hierarchically, in terms of different levels of abstraction, as silicon computing is. The vast differences between the brain's neural circuitry and a computer's silicon circuitry might suggest that they have nothing in common. In fact, as Dana Ballard argues in this book, computational tools are essential for understanding brain function. Ballard shows that the hierarchical organization of the brain has many parallels with the hierarchical organization of computing; as in silicon computing, the complexities of brain computation can be dramatically simplified when its computation is factored into different levels of abstraction. Drawing on several decades of progress in computational neuroscience, together with recent results in Bayesian and reinforcement learning methodologies, Ballard factors the brain's principal computational issues in terms of their natural place in an overall hierarchy. Each of these factors leads to a fresh perspective. A neural level focuses on the basic forebrain functions and shows how processing demands dictate the extensive use of timing-based circuitry and an overall organization of tabular memories. An embodiment level organization works in reverse, making extensive use of multiplexing and on-demand processing to achieve fast parallel computation. An awareness level focuses on the brain's representations of emotion, attention and consciousness, showing that they can operate with great economy in the context of the neural and embodiment substrates.

The Computational Brain, 25th Anniversary Edition

Author : Patricia S. Churchland,Terrence J. Sejnowski
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 569 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-11-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262533393

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The Computational Brain, 25th Anniversary Edition by Patricia S. Churchland,Terrence J. Sejnowski Pdf

An anniversary edition of the classic work that influenced a generation of neuroscientists and cognitive neuroscientists. Before The Computational Brain was published in 1992, conceptual frameworks for brain function were based on the behavior of single neurons, applied globally. In The Computational Brain, Patricia Churchland and Terrence Sejnowski developed a different conceptual framework, based on large populations of neurons. They did this by showing that patterns of activities among the units in trained artificial neural network models had properties that resembled those recorded from populations of neurons recorded one at a time. It is one of the first books to bring together computational concepts and behavioral data within a neurobiological framework. Aimed at a broad audience of neuroscientists, computer scientists, cognitive scientists, and philosophers, The Computational Brain is written for both expert and novice. This anniversary edition offers a new preface by the authors that puts the book in the context of current research. This approach influenced a generation of researchers. Even today, when neuroscientists can routinely record from hundreds of neurons using optics rather than electricity, and the 2013 White House BRAIN initiative heralded a new era in innovative neurotechnologies, the main message of The Computational Brain is still relevant.

Fundamentals of Computational Neuroscience

Author : Thomas Trappenberg
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-12-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780192696120

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Fundamentals of Computational Neuroscience by Thomas Trappenberg Pdf

Computational neuroscience is the theoretical study of the brain to uncover the principles and mechanisms that guide the development, organization, information processing, and mental functions of the nervous system. Although not a new area, it is only recently that enough knowledge has been gathered to establish computational neuroscience as a scientific discipline in its own right. Given the complexity of the field, and its increasing importance in progressing our understanding of how the brain works, there has long been a need for an introductory text on what is often assumed to be an impenetrable topic. The new edition of Fundamentals of Computational Neuroscience build on the success and strengths of the previous editions. It introduces the theoretical foundations of neuroscience with a focus on the nature of information processing in the brain. The book covers the introduction and motivation of simplified models of neurons that are suitable for exploring information processing in large brain-like networks. Additionally, it introduces several fundamental network architectures and discusses their relevance for information processing in the brain, giving some examples of models of higher-order cognitive functions to demonstrate the advanced insight that can be gained with such studies. Each chapter starts by introducing its topic with experimental facts and conceptual questions related to the study of brain function. An additional feature is the inclusion of simple Matlab programs that can be used to explore many of the mechanisms explained in the book. An accompanying webpage includes programs for download. The book will be the essential text for anyone in the brain sciences who wants to get to grips with this topic.

The Computational Brain

Author : Patricia Smith Churchland,Terrence Joseph Sejnowski
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Anatomy
ISBN : 0262531208

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The Computational Brain by Patricia Smith Churchland,Terrence Joseph Sejnowski Pdf

"The Computational Brain addresses a broad audience: neuroscientists, computer scientists, cognitive scientists, and philosophers. It is written for both the expert and novice. A basic overview of neuroscience and computational theory is provided, followed by a study of some of the most recent and sophisticated modeling work in the context of relevant neurobiological research. Technical terms are clearly explained in the text, and definitions are provided in an extensive glossary. The appendix contains a précis of neurobiological techniques."--Jacket.

Neuroelectrodynamics

Author : Dorian Aur,Mandar S. Jog
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781607500919

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Neuroelectrodynamics by Dorian Aur,Mandar S. Jog Pdf

The essence of brain function consists in how information is processed, transferred and stored. Current neurophysiological doctrine remains focused within a spike timing paradigm, but this has a limited capacity for advancing the understanding of how the brain works. This book puts forward a new model; the neuroelectrodynamic model (NED), which describes the intrinsic computational processes by the dynamics and interaction of charges. It uses established laws of physics, such as those of classical mechanics, thermodynamics and quantum physics, as the guiding principle to develop a general theoretical construct of the brain s computational model, which incorporates the neurobiology of the cells and the molecular machinery itself, along with the electrical activity in neurons, to explain experimental results and predict the organization of the system. After addressing the deficiencies of current approaches, the laws and principles required to build a new model are discussed. In addition, as well as describing experiments which provide the required link between computation and semantics, the book highlights important concepts relating the theory of information with computation and the electrical properties of neurons. The NED model is explained and expounded and several examples of its application are shown. Of interest to all those involved in the fields of neuroscience, neurophysiology, computer science and the development of artificial intelligence, NED is a step forward in understanding the mind in computational terms. IOS Press is an international science, technical and medical publisher of high-quality books for academics, scientists, and professionals in all fields. Some of the areas we publish in: -Biomedicine -Oncology -Artificial intelligence -Databases and information systems -Maritime engineering -Nanotechnology -Geoengineering -All aspects of physics -E-governance -E-commerce -The knowledge economy -Urban studies -Arms control -Understanding and responding to terrorism -Medical informatics -Computer Sciences

Brain Computations and Connectivity

Author : Edmund T. Rolls
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1174 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2023-06-30
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780198887935

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Brain Computations and Connectivity by Edmund T. Rolls Pdf

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read on the Oxford Academic platform and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Brain Computations and Connectivity is about how the brain works. In order to understand this, it is essential to know what is computed by different brain systems; and how the computations are performed. The aim of this book is to elucidate what is computed in different brain systems; and to describe current biologically plausible computational approaches and models of how each of these brain systems computes. Understanding the brain in this way has enormous potential for understanding ourselves better in health and in disease. Potential applications of this understanding are to the treatment of the brain in disease; and to artificial intelligence which will benefit from knowledge of how the brain performs many of its extraordinarily impressive functions. This book is pioneering in taking this approach to brain function: to consider what is computed by many of our brain systems; and how it is computed, and updates by much new evidence including the connectivity of the human brain the earlier book: Rolls (2021) Brain Computations: What and How, Oxford University Press. Brain Computations and Connectivity will be of interest to all scientists interested in brain function and how the brain works, whether they are from neuroscience, or from medical sciences including neurology and psychiatry, or from the area of computational science including machine learning and artificial intelligence, or from areas such as theoretical physics.

Fundamentals of Computational Neuroscience

Author : Thomas Trappenberg
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780199568413

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Fundamentals of Computational Neuroscience by Thomas Trappenberg Pdf

The new edition of Fundamentals of Computational Neuroscience build on the success and strengths of the first edition. Completely redesigned and revised, it introduces the theoretical foundations of neuroscience with a focus on the nature of information processing in the brain.

Memory and the Computational Brain

Author : C. R. Gallistel,Adam Philip King
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781444359763

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Memory and the Computational Brain by C. R. Gallistel,Adam Philip King Pdf

Memory and the Computational Brain offers a provocative argument that goes to the heart of neuroscience, proposing that the field can and should benefit from the recent advances of cognitive science and the development of information theory over the course of the last several decades. A provocative argument that impacts across the fields of linguistics, cognitive science, and neuroscience, suggesting new perspectives on learning mechanisms in the brain Proposes that the field of neuroscience can and should benefit from the recent advances of cognitive science and the development of information theory Suggests that the architecture of the brain is structured precisely for learning and for memory, and integrates the concept of an addressable read/write memory mechanism into the foundations of neuroscience Based on lectures in the prestigious Blackwell-Maryland Lectures in Language and Cognition, and now significantly reworked and expanded to make it ideal for students and faculty

Computational Explorations in Cognitive Neuroscience

Author : Randall C. O'Reilly,Yuko Munakata
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2000-08-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0262650541

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Computational Explorations in Cognitive Neuroscience by Randall C. O'Reilly,Yuko Munakata Pdf

This text, based on a course taught by Randall O'Reilly and Yuko Munakata over the past several years, provides an in-depth introduction to the main ideas in the computational cognitive neuroscience. The goal of computational cognitive neuroscience is to understand how the brain embodies the mind by using biologically based computational models comprising networks of neuronlike units. This text, based on a course taught by Randall O'Reilly and Yuko Munakata over the past several years, provides an in-depth introduction to the main ideas in the field. The neural units in the simulations use equations based directly on the ion channels that govern the behavior of real neurons, and the neural networks incorporate anatomical and physiological properties of the neocortex. Thus the text provides the student with knowledge of the basic biology of the brain as well as the computational skills needed to simulate large-scale cognitive phenomena. The text consists of two parts. The first part covers basic neural computation mechanisms: individual neurons, neural networks, and learning mechanisms. The second part covers large-scale brain area organization and cognitive phenomena: perception and attention, memory, language, and higher-level cognition. The second part is relatively self-contained and can be used separately for mechanistically oriented cognitive neuroscience courses. Integrated throughout the text are more than forty different simulation models, many of them full-scale research-grade models, with friendly interfaces and accompanying exercises. The simulation software (PDP++, available for all major platforms) and simulations can be downloaded free of charge from the Web. Exercise solutions are available, and the text includes full information on the software.

Neuronal Dynamics

Author : Wulfram Gerstner,Werner M. Kistler,Richard Naud,Liam Paninski
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 591 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2014-07-24
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781107060838

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Neuronal Dynamics by Wulfram Gerstner,Werner M. Kistler,Richard Naud,Liam Paninski Pdf

This solid introduction uses the principles of physics and the tools of mathematics to approach fundamental questions of neuroscience.

Brain Computation as Hierarchical Abstraction

Author : Dana Harry Ballard
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2015-02-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262323818

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Brain Computation as Hierarchical Abstraction by Dana Harry Ballard Pdf

An argument that the complexities of brain function can be understood hierarchically, in terms of different levels of abstraction, as silicon computing is. The vast differences between the brain's neural circuitry and a computer's silicon circuitry might suggest that they have nothing in common. In fact, as Dana Ballard argues in this book, computational tools are essential for understanding brain function. Ballard shows that the hierarchical organization of the brain has many parallels with the hierarchical organization of computing; as in silicon computing, the complexities of brain computation can be dramatically simplified when its computation is factored into different levels of abstraction. Drawing on several decades of progress in computational neuroscience, together with recent results in Bayesian and reinforcement learning methodologies, Ballard factors the brain's principal computational issues in terms of their natural place in an overall hierarchy. Each of these factors leads to a fresh perspective. A neural level focuses on the basic forebrain functions and shows how processing demands dictate the extensive use of timing-based circuitry and an overall organization of tabular memories. An embodiment level organization works in reverse, making extensive use of multiplexing and on-demand processing to achieve fast parallel computation. An awareness level focuses on the brain's representations of emotion, attention and consciousness, showing that they can operate with great economy in the context of the neural and embodiment substrates.