Brazil S Trade Liberalization And Growth

Author : Maurício Mesquita Moreira
Publisher : BID-INTAL
Page : 31 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Brazil
ISBN : 9789507381775

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Brazil's Trade Liberalization and Growth by Maurício Mesquita Moreira Pdf

Unfulfilled expectations about economic growth in Brazil has led many observers to question the ability of the new, open trade regime to put the economy back on an path of sustainable growth. Whereas the country's growth record has been really poor, the evidence suggests that the underlying causes had nothing to do with trade. Quite the contrary. This paper shows that trade liberalization has given an important contribution to two of the main drivers of growth: productivity and investment in physical capital. It argues that these gains were not turned into growth due to an unfavorable macro and institutional environment. It also claims that Brazil could have enjoyed more gains from trade, had it pursued a more aggressive trade policy at home and abroad. The paper concludes by outlining the main issues of a pro-growth, trade policy agenda for the country.

Author : Edmund Amann
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2000-08-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780191583919

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Economic Liberalization and Industrial Performance in Brazil by Edmund Amann Pdf

In the past ten years the Brazilian economy has experience an unprecedented wave of market liberalization as import substitution has been progressively abandoned in favour of integration into the global economy. Trade barriers have fallen, privatizations have been implemented, and government procurement has been cut back. Although these policy shifts will be familiar to many, their implications in terms of performance may not. Using a comprehensive array of primary and secondary sources and in-depth company case studies, this book examines how one vitally important Brazilian industrial sector-the non-serial capital goods sector-coped with the onset of liberalization. While liberalization undoubtedly helped to promote greater efficiency in some areas of corporate performance, the impact elsewhere was far less favourable. This differentiated response raises some interesting and troubling theoretical and policy issues.

Author : Marcelo de Paiva Abreu
Publisher : BID-INTAL
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Brazil
ISBN : 9789507381805

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Trade liberalization and the political economy of protection in Brazil since 1987 (Working Paper SITI = Documento de Trabajo IECI n. 8b) by Marcelo de Paiva Abreu Pdf

Author : Luiz Fernando de Paula
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2012-07-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136854897

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Financial Liberalization and Economic Performance by Luiz Fernando de Paula Pdf

Since the beginning of the 1990s, Brazil has followed a pattern of economic development inspired by Washington Consensus. This framework includes a set of liberalising and market friendly policies such as privatisation, trade liberalization, stimulus to foreign direct investment, tax reform, and social security reforms. This book assesses the determinants and impacts of financial liberalisation in Brazil considering its two dimensions: the opening up of the balance of payments capital account, and the penetration by foreign bank of the domestic banking sector. The author combines theoretical and empirical analyses. Some make use of mathematical models and/or statistical techniques; however, they are only used when they are strictly necessary to the analysis.

Author : Claudio Ferraz,Carlos Eduardo Frickmann Young
Publisher : Santiago, Chile : United Nations, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, División de Medio Ambiente y Asentamientos Humanos
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822031378946

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Trade Liberalization and Industrial Pollution in Brazil by Claudio Ferraz,Carlos Eduardo Frickmann Young Pdf

This paper attempts to estimate the effect of trade liberalisation on the industrial structure and pattern of pollution emissions in Brazil. An input-output approach is used to estimate the value of production and potential pollution intensity estimates are undertaken using the industrial pollution projection system. The findings show that the aggregate intensity of pollutant emission has decreased for the whole industrial sector, but for the export sector, the pollution intensity has been increasing after trade liberalisation.

Author : Angelo Gurgel
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 107 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Brazil
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Regional, Multilateral, and Unilateral Trade Policies of MERCOSUR for Growth and Poverty Reduction in Brazil by Angelo Gurgel Pdf

This paper determines the impacts of the Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA) for Brazil under alternative assumptions concerning the returns to scale and the nature of competition in several industries, emphasizing the effects on the agribusiness activities. The GTAPinGAMS applied general equilibrium model is used to run the simulations. The results suggest different changes in output, imports, exports, and prices under alternative assumptions about market structure. The FTAA allows the exploitation of economies of scale and reduction of markups in almost all industries, with evidences of rationalizing and pro-competitive effects occurring in the industries under imperfect competition. The welfare gains from the FTAA are larger in the model with market imperfections. If the FTAA excludes products from the agribusiness sectors, the Brazilian agricultural industries will exploit less the economies of scale.

Author : Francisco H. G. Ferreira,Phillippe George Leite,Matthew Wai-Poi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Brazil
ISBN : UCSD:31822030116487

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Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows and Wage Inequality in Brazil by Francisco H. G. Ferreira,Phillippe George Leite,Matthew Wai-Poi Pdf

Using nationally representative, economywide data, this paper investigates the relative importance of trade-mandated effects on industry wage premia; industry and economywide skill premia; and employment flows in accounting for changes in the wage distribution in Brazil during the 1988-95 trade liberalization. Unlike in other Latin American countries, trade liberalization appears to have made a significant contribution toward a reduction in wage inequality. These effects have not occurred through changes in industry-specific (wage or skill) premia. Instead, they appear to have been channeled through substantial employment flows across sectors and formality categories. Changes in the economywide skill premium are also important.

Author : Celso Furtado
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1963
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0520004418

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The Economic Growth of Brazil by Celso Furtado Pdf

English translation of a portuguese-language study entitled formacao economica do Brasil on obstacles to economic development and factors affecting economic growth in Brazil - covers historical and geographical aspects, the role of Portugal, financial aspects, investment, inflation, agriculture, the mining industry, industrialization, labour force problems (incl. The elimination of forced labour), wages, trade, interest groups, etc. References.

Author : Werner Baer,Joseph S. Tulchin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822016695991

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Brazil and the Challenge of Economic Reform by Werner Baer,Joseph S. Tulchin Pdf

Author : Elias C. Grivoyannis
Publisher : Springer
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2019-02-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137462602

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International Integration of the Brazilian Economy by Elias C. Grivoyannis Pdf

Brazil is the most populous economy in Latin America with the second highest GDP among the emerging BRIC economies, after China, and the second per capita GDP among the BRIC economies after Russia. The objective of this book is to provide a thorough historical, statistical, and institutional description of the factors that affect and are affected by Brazil’s international trade and integration with the world economy. It includes a most recent account of what is presently going on in Brazil and the type of economy from which Brazil is emerging. The authors use Brazil as a case study and explain both the process and the outcome of international economic integration by analyzing in each chapter a different contributing factor to the benefits and costs from Brazil’s economic interdependency with the world economy. This makes the reading of this book extremely valuable. The topics addressed in this book will increase the reader’s awareness of the institutional, economic, and cultural forces that shape the dynamism of Brazil’s international trade and integration with the world economy, and will continue to do so in future years.

Author : Luiz Kormann
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-04-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317602507

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Big Business and Brazil’s Economic Reforms by Luiz Kormann Pdf

In the 1990s Brazil launched a comprehensive economic liberalization program. It lifted its trade barriers, adopted new market-oriented regulations, opened up its capital market and abandoned earlier efforts to internalize production and to build vertically integrated systems across several sectors of the economy. In spite of the visible gap that separated the top global giants from the large local enterprises, Brazilian companies seemed to be willing to join in an economic liberalization process that was bound to expose them to unprecedented levels of competition, bring about a high degree of uncertainty and, in many cases, ultimately put their own businesses at risk. Big Business and Brazil’s Economic Reforms examines the most emblematic aspect of the Brazilian economic reforms, the support from parts of the local entrepreneurial class for the opening up of the economy. It investigates the reasons why Brazil carried out these economic reforms in the 1990s, the transition process and the impact of the opening up of the economy on some of its most important sectors, such as the aerospace, auto and auto parts, food processing, oil and petrochemicals, ethanol, steel, telecoms and telecom equipment industries. This book offers an in-depth analysis of Brazil’s distinctive development paths, from the Latin American economic thinking of the early stages of its industrialization to the neo-liberal stance of the present day. It sheds new light on one of the main challenges facing all the large developing economies in their move to become more integrated into the world economy, the fostering of large enterprises, and is a great resource for students and researchers interested in global business, development economics, and Latin American economic history.

Author : Lael Brainard,Leonardo Martinez-Diaz
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2009-09-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780815703655

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Brazil as an Economic Superpower? by Lael Brainard,Leonardo Martinez-Diaz Pdf

In Brazil, the confluence of strong global demand for the country's major products, global successes for its major corporations, and steady results from its economic policies is building confidence and even reviving dreams of grandeza—the greatness that has proven elusive in the past. Even as the current economic crisis tempers expectations of the future, the trends identified in this book suggest that Brazil will continue its path toward becoming a leading economic power in the future. Once seen as an economic backwater, Brazil now occupies key niches in energy, agriculture, service industries, and even high technology. Yet Latin America's largest nation still struggles with endemic inequality issues and deep-seated ambivalence toward global economic integration. Scholars and policy practitioners from Brazil, the United States, and Europe recently gathered to investigate the present state and likely future of the Brazilian economy. This important volume is the timely result. In Brazil as an Economic Superpower? international authorities focus on five key topics: agribusiness, energy, trade, social investment, and multinational corporations. Their analyses and expertise provide not only a unique and authoritative picture of the Brazilian economy but also a useful lens through which to view the changing global economy as a whole.

Author : David G. Tarr
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290704226

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Regional, Multilateral, and Unilateral Trade Policies of Mercosur for Growth and Poverty Reduction in Brazil by David G. Tarr Pdf

Harrison, Rutherford, Tarr, and Gurgel estimate that the Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA), the EU-MERCOSUR agreement, and multilateral trade policy changes will all be beneficial for Brazil. The Brazilian government strategy of simultaneously negotiating the FTAA and the EU-MERCOSUR agreement, while supporting multilateral liberalization through the Doha Agenda, will increase the benefits of each of these policies.The authors estimate that the poorest households typically gain roughly three to four times the average for Brazil from any of the policies considerethe United States protects its most highly protected markets. Both the FTAA and the EU-MERCOSUR agreements are net trade-creating for the countries involved, but excluded countries almost always lose from the agreements. The authors estimate that multilateral trade liberalization of 50 percent in tariffs and export subsidies results in gains to the world more than four times greater than either the FTAA or the EU-MERCOSUR agreement. This shows the continued importance to the world trading community of the multilateral negotiations.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to assess the impact of trade liberalization on poverty.

Author : Maria Jose Fernandes Willumsen,Eduardo Giannetti da Fonseca
Publisher : University of Miami Iberian Studies Institute
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822023839129

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The Brazilian Economy by Maria Jose Fernandes Willumsen,Eduardo Giannetti da Fonseca Pdf

The emphasis of this book is on the structural aspects of the Brazilian economy, although analyses of economic performance are also covered. A central theme is that growth with social development requires structural reforms, such as the reorganisation of public finances and other matters.

Author : Mr.Antonio Spilimbergo,Mr.Krishna Srinivasan
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484339749

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Brazil by Mr.Antonio Spilimbergo,Mr.Krishna Srinivasan Pdf

Brazil is at crossroads, emerging slowly from a historic recession that was preceded by a huge economic boom. Reasons for the historic bust following a boom are manifold. Policy mistakes were an important contributory factor, and included the pursuit of countercyclical policies, introduced to deal with the effects of the global financial crisis, beyond the point where they were helpful. More fundamentally, it reflects longstanding structural weaknesses plaguing the economy, that also help explain Brazil’s uninspiring growth performance over the past four decades.