Britain S Black Debt

Author : Hilary Beckles
Publisher : University of the West Indies Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Black people
ISBN : 976640268X

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Britain's Black Debt by Hilary Beckles Pdf

Since the mid-nineteenth-century abolition of slavery, the call for reparations for the crime of African enslavement and native genocide has been growing. In the Caribbean, grassroots and official voices now constitute a regional reparations movement. While it remains a fractured, contentious and divisive call, it generates considerable public interest, especially within sections of the community that are concerned with issues of social justice, equity, civil and human rights, education, and cultural identity. The reparations discourse has been shaped by the voices from these fields as they seek to build a future upon the settlement of historical crimes. This is the first scholarly work that looks comprehensively at the reparations discussion in the Caribbean. Written by a leading economic historian of the region, a seasoned activist in the wider movement for social justice and advocacy of historical truth, Britain's Black Debt looks at the origins and development of reparations as a regional and international process. Weaving detailed historical data on Caribbean slavery and the transatlantic slave trade together with legal principles and the politics of postcolonialism, Beckles sets out a solid academic analysis of the evidence. He concludes that Britain has a case of reparations to answer which the Caribbean should litigate. International law provides that chattel slavery as practised by Britain was a crime against humanity. Slavery was invested in by the royal family, the government, the established church, most elite families, and large public institutions in the private and public sector. Citing the legal principles of unjust and criminal enrichment, the author presents a compelling argument for Britain's payment of its black debt, a debt that it continues to deny in the face of overwhelming evidence to the contrary. It is at once an exciting narration of Britain's dominance of the slave markets that enriched the economy and a seminal conceptual journey into the hidden politics and public posturing of leaders on both sides of the Atlantic. No work of this kind has ever been attempted. No author has had the diversity of historical research skills, national and international political involvement, and personal engagement as an activist to present such a complex yet accessible work of scholarship.

Author : Hilary Beckles
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9766520054

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Britain's Black Debt by Hilary Beckles Pdf

Brings together the evidence and arguments that the general public and expert policymakers have long called for. It is at once an exciting narration of Britain's dominance of the slave markets that enriched the economy, and a seminal conceptual journey into the hidden politics and public posturing of leaders on both sides of the Atlantic.

Author : Hilary Beckles
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Barbadians
ISBN : 9766405859

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The First Black Slave Society by Hilary Beckles Pdf

Book describes the brutal Black slave society and plantation system of Barbados and explains how this slave chattel model was perfected by the British and exported to Jamaica and South Carolina for profit. There is special emphasis on the role of the concept of white supremacy in shaping social structure and economic relations that allowed slavery to continue. The book concludes with information on how slavery was finally outlawed in Barbados, in spite of white resistance.

Author : Thomas Harding
Publisher : Weidenfeld & Nicolson
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022-01-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781474621076

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White Debt by Thomas Harding Pdf

When Thomas Harding discovered that his family had profited from slavery, he set out to interrogate the choices of his ancestors and Britain's role in this terrible history. His investigation took him to Demerara (now Guyana), the site of an uprising by enslaved people in 1823, the largest in the British Empire and a key trigger in the abolition of slavery. Charting the dramatic build-up to this landmark event through the eyes of four people - an enslaved man, a missionary, a colonist, and a slaveholder - Harding lays bare the true impact of years of unimaginable cruelty and incredible courage and asks how those who benefitted from slavery can take responsibility for the White Debt.

Author : Hilary MCD Beckles
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2021-11-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9766408696

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How Britain Underdeveloped the Caribbean by Hilary MCD Beckles Pdf

Author : Sarah Goldy-Brown
Publisher : Greenhaven Publishing LLC
Page : 106 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2017-12-15
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781534562349

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Reparations for Slavery by Sarah Goldy-Brown Pdf

The enslavement of Africans in America is one of the most shameful aspects of U.S. history. In modern times, some activist groups have called for compensation, also known as reparations, to be made to descendants of slaves. Detailing all the angles of this ongoing debate, this subject is explored through rich main text, engaging sidebars, primary sources, and annotated quotes from influential figures. Readers get a nuanced understanding of the arguments both for and against reparations for slavery, enhancing what they learn in their social studies classes.

Author : Hilary Beckles,Verene Shepherd
Publisher : Ian Randle Publishers
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789766373061

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Trading Souls by Hilary Beckles,Verene Shepherd Pdf

"The Transatlantic Trade in Africans (TTA) has no equal in the annals of modern history in terms of the scope and depth of suffering experienced by its victims, mostly at the hands of European traders and enslavers. Yet, denial and silence continue to surround this human tragedy. Hilary Beckles and Verene Shepherd, two of the Caribbean's most distinguished historians, make extensive use of the research by scholars from Europe, Africa and the Americas to describe the trade and analyse its impact on African, European and Caribbean societies in language and style that makes the information accessible and comprehensible for school students and the general reader. Readers will gain an appreciation of: The role of slavery from ancient to modern times and its development in African societies  The contribution of African scholars and intellectuals in the pre-slavery period and how the trade bled the continent of valuable intellectual and technical resources  The instution of slavery from an economic perspective, through an examination of the business aspects of the development of the TTA  The physical and psychological consequences of the Middle Passage on Africans  The trade in Africans as a business with examples of companies, individuals and nations that were active participants  The contributions of the TTA to the economic development of the West and the underdevelopment of African societies. Trading Souls, like its companion volume Saving Souls, is a reflection upon a history that was terrible and turbulent and tries to make sense of the silence and denial even as it seeks to break it. "

Author : Erika Vause
Publisher : University of Virginia Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780813941424

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In the Red and in the Black by Erika Vause Pdf

"The most dishonorable act that can dishonor a man." Such is Félix Grandet’s unsparing view of bankruptcy, adding that even a highway robber—who at least "risks his own life in attacking you"—is worthier of respect. Indeed, the France of Balzac’s day was an unforgiving place for borrowers. Each year, thousands of debtors found themselves arrested for commercial debts. Those who wished to escape debt imprisonment through bankruptcy sacrificed their honor—losing, among other rights and privileges, the ability to vote, to serve on a jury, or even to enter the stock market. Arguing that French Revolutionary and Napoleonic legislation created a conception of commercial identity that tied together the debtor’s social, moral, and physical person, In the Red and in the Black examines the history of debt imprisonment and bankruptcy as a means of understanding the changing logic of commercial debt. Following the practical application of these laws throughout the early nineteenth century, Erika Vause traces how financial failure and fraud became legally disentangled. The idea of personhood established in the Revolution’s aftermath unraveled over the course of the century owing to a growing penal ideology that stressed the state’s virtual monopoly over incarceration and to investors’ desire to insure their financial risks. This meticulously researched study offers a novel conceptualization of how central "the economic" was to new understandings of self, state, and the market. Telling a story deeply resonant in our own age of ambivalence about the innocence of failures by financial institutions and large-scale speculators, Vause reveals how legal personalization and depersonalization of debt was essential for unleashing the latent forces of capitalism itself.

Author : Kathleen Paul
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2018-09-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9781501729331

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Whitewashing Britain by Kathleen Paul Pdf

Kathleen Paul challenges the usual explanation for the racism of post-war British policy. According to standard historiography, British public opinion forced the Conservative government to introduce legislation stemming the flow of dark-skinned immigrants and thereby altering an expansive nationality policy that had previously allowed all British subjects free entry into the United Kingdom. Paul's extensive archival research shows, however, that the racism of ministers and senior functionaries led rather than followed public opinion. In the late 1940s, the Labour government faced a birthrate perceived to be in decline, massive economic dislocations caused by the war, a huge national debt, severe labor shortages, and the prospective loss of international preeminence. Simultaneously, it subsidized the emigration of Britons to Australia, Canada, and other parts of the Empire, recruited Irish citizens and European refugees to work in Britain, and used regulatory changes to dissuade British subjects of color from coming to the United Kingdom. Paul contends post-war concepts of citizenship were based on a contradiction between the formal definition of who had the right to enter Britain and the informal notion of who was, or could become, really British. Whitewashing Britain extends this analysis to contemporary issues, such as the fierce engagement in the Falklands War and the curtailment of citizenship options for residents of Hong Kong. Paul finds the politics of citizenship in contemporary Britain still haunted by a mixture of imperial, economic, and demographic imperatives.

Author : Dina Nayeri
Publisher : Catapult
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2020-09-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781646220212

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The Ungrateful Refugee by Dina Nayeri Pdf

A Finalist for the 2019 Kirkus Prize in Nonfiction "Nayeri combines her own experience with those of refugees she meets as an adult, telling their stories with tenderness and reverence.” —The New York Times Book Review "Nayeri weaves her empowering personal story with those of the ‘feared swarms’ . . . Her family’s escape from Isfahan to Oklahoma, which involved waiting in Dubai and Italy, is wildly fascinating . . . Using energetic prose, Nayeri is an excellent conduit for these heart–rending stories, eschewing judgment and employing care in threading the stories in with her own . . . This is a memoir laced with stimulus and plenty of heart at a time when the latter has grown elusive.” —Star–Tribune (Minneapolis) Aged eight, Dina Nayeri fled Iran along with her mother and brother and lived in the crumbling shell of an Italian hotel–turned–refugee camp. Eventually she was granted asylum in America. She settled in Oklahoma, then made her way to Princeton University. In this book, Nayeri weaves together her own vivid story with the stories of other refugees and asylum seekers in recent years, bringing us inside their daily lives and taking us through the different stages of their journeys, from escape to asylum to resettlement. In these pages, a couple fall in love over the phone, and women gather to prepare the noodles that remind them of home. A closeted queer man tries to make his case truthfully as he seeks asylum, and a translator attempts to help new arrivals present their stories to officials. Nayeri confronts notions like “the swarm,” and, on the other hand, “good” immigrants. She calls attention to the harmful way in which Western governments privilege certain dangers over others. With surprising and provocative questions, The Ungrateful Refugee challenges us to rethink how we talk about the refugee crisis. “A writer who confronts issues that are key to the refugee experience.” —Viet Thanh Nguyen, Pulitzer Prize–winning author of The Sympathizer and The Refugees

Author : Noah Berlatsky
Publisher : Greenhaven Publishing LLC
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-10-26
Category : Young Adult Nonfiction
ISBN : 9780737762563

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East Pakistan by Noah Berlatsky Pdf

Throughout history, tactics such as violent repression, torture, and mass murder, have been used to subjugate and destroy populations. The essays in this anthology detail the atrocities of the 1971 East Pakistan Genocide. Essays reach far and wide, including examining Canadian neutrality on the subject. Background information is provided and first person accounts of the events are given. Charts and graphs are provided to summarize important statistical information, and timelines are included to help the reader trace the sequence of events. Maps provide details about the areas of contention, and locations of conflicts.

Author : C.L.R. James
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2023-08-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9780593687338

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The Black Jacobins by C.L.R. James Pdf

A powerful and impassioned historical account of the largest successful revolt by enslaved people in history: the Haitian Revolution of 1791–1803 “One of the seminal texts about the history of slavery and abolition.... Provocative and empowering.” —The New York Times Book Review The Black Jacobins, by Trinidadian historian C. L. R. James, was the first major analysis of the uprising that began in the wake of the storming of the Bastille in France and became the model for liberation movements from Africa to Cuba. It is the story of the French colony of San Domingo, a place where the brutality of plantation owners toward enslaved people was horrifyingly severe. And it is the story of a charismatic and barely literate enslaved person named Toussaint L’Ouverture, who successfully led the Black people of San Domingo against successive invasions by overwhelming French, Spanish, and English forces—and in the process helped form the first independent post-colonial nation in the Caribbean. With a new introduction (2023) by Professor David Scott.

Author : William A. Pettigrew
Publisher : UNC Press Books
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-12-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781469611822

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Freedom's Debt by William A. Pettigrew Pdf

In the years following the Glorious Revolution, independent slave traders challenged the charter of the Royal African Company by asserting their natural rights as Britons to trade freely in enslaved Africans. In this comprehensive history of the rise and fall of the RAC, William A. Pettigrew grounds the transatlantic slave trade in politics, not economic forces, analyzing the ideological arguments of the RAC and its opponents in Parliament and in public debate. Ultimately, Pettigrew powerfully reasons that freedom became the rallying cry for those who wished to participate in the slave trade and therefore bolstered the expansion of the largest intercontinental forced migration in history. Unlike previous histories of the RAC, Pettigrew's study pursues the Company's story beyond the trade's complete deregulation in 1712 to its demise in 1752. Opening the trade led to its escalation, which provided a reliable supply of enslaved Africans to the mainland American colonies, thus playing a critical part in entrenching African slavery as the colonies' preferred solution to the American problem of labor supply.

Author : Barry Eichengreen,Asmaa El-Ganainy,Rui Esteves,Kris James Mitchener
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-08-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780197577912

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In Defense of Public Debt by Barry Eichengreen,Asmaa El-Ganainy,Rui Esteves,Kris James Mitchener Pdf

A dive into the origins, management, and uses and misuses of sovereign debt through the ages. Public debts have exploded to levels unprecedented in modern history as governments responded to the Covid-19 pandemic and ensuing economic crisis. Their dramatic rise has prompted apocalyptic warnings about the dangers of heavy debtsabout the drag they will place on economic growth and the burden they represent for future generations. In Defense of Public Debt offers a sharp rejoinder to this view, marshaling the entire history of state-issued public debt to demonstrate its usefulness. Authors Barry Eichengreen, Asmaa El-Ganainy, Rui Esteves, and Kris James Mitchener argue that the ability of governments to issue debt has played a critical role in addressing emergenciesfrom wars and pandemics to economic and financial crises, as well as in funding essential public goods and services such as transportation, education, and healthcare. In these ways, the capacity to issue debt has been integral to state building and state survival. Transactions in public debt securities have also contributed to the development of private financial markets and, through this channel, to modern economic growth. None of this is to deny that debt problems, debt crises, and debt defaults occur. But these dramatic events, which attract much attention, are not the entire story. In Defense of Public Debt redresses the balance. The authors develop their arguments historically, recounting two millennia of public debt experience. They deploy a comprehensive database to identify the factors behind rising public debts and the circumstances under which high debts are successfully stabilized and brought down. Finally, they bring the story up to date, describing the role of public debt in managing the Covid-19 pandemic and recession, suggesting a way forward once governmentsnow more heavily indebted than beforefinally emerge from the crisis.

Author : Kehinde Andrews
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781786992802

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Back to Black by Kehinde Andrews Pdf

‘Lucid, fluent and compelling’ – Observer ‘We need writers like Andrews ... These are truths we need to be hearing’ – New Statesman Back to Black traces the long and eminent history of Black radical politics. Born out of resistance to slavery and colonialism, its rich past encompasses figures such as Marcus Garvey, Angela Davis, the Black Panthers and the Black Lives Matter activists of today. At its core it argues that racism is inexorably embedded in the fabric of society, and that it can never be overcome unless by enacting change outside of this suffocating system. Yet this Black radicalism has been diluted and moderated over time; wilfully misrepresented and caricatured by others; divested of its legacy, potency, and force. Kehinde Andrews explores the true roots of this tradition and connects the dots to today’s struggles by showing what a renewed politics of Black radicalism might look like in the 21st century.