Businessmen Clientelism And Authoritarianism In Egypt

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Businessmen, Clientelism, and Authoritarianism in Egypt

Safinaz El Tarouty
Businessmen Clientelism and Authoritarianism in Egypt Book PDF

Author : Safinaz El Tarouty
Publisher : Springer
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137493385

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Businessmen, Clientelism, and Authoritarianism in Egypt by Safinaz El Tarouty Pdf

After the ousting of former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak in February 2011, much debate surrounded the reasons for the former regime's longevity and its collapse. Here, Safinaz El Tarouty provides an original contribution to the study of authoritarianism in Egypt by focusing on the role of businessmen in authoritarian survival. As the regime intensified neoliberal economic reforms that led to social deprivation and frustration among increasing numbers of Egyptian citizens, they co-opted businessmen in order to defuse challenges and buttress the regime, constructing a new political economy of authoritarianism. Extending the existing literature on clientelism, El Tarouty creates a typology of regime-businessmen relations to describe the multiple mechanisms of co-option in the context of economic liberalization. Ultimately, though, these businessmen proved too narrow a constituency to provide legitimacy to the regime and, in fact, formed one of the reasons for its collapse.

Businessmen, Clientelism, and Authoritarianism in Egypt

Safinaz El Tarouty
Businessmen Clientelism and Authoritarianism in Egypt Book PDF

Author : Safinaz El Tarouty
Publisher : Springer
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137493385

Get Book

Businessmen, Clientelism, and Authoritarianism in Egypt by Safinaz El Tarouty Pdf

After the ousting of former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak in February 2011, much debate surrounded the reasons for the former regime's longevity and its collapse. Here, Safinaz El Tarouty provides an original contribution to the study of authoritarianism in Egypt by focusing on the role of businessmen in authoritarian survival. As the regime intensified neoliberal economic reforms that led to social deprivation and frustration among increasing numbers of Egyptian citizens, they co-opted businessmen in order to defuse challenges and buttress the regime, constructing a new political economy of authoritarianism. Extending the existing literature on clientelism, El Tarouty creates a typology of regime-businessmen relations to describe the multiple mechanisms of co-option in the context of economic liberalization. Ultimately, though, these businessmen proved too narrow a constituency to provide legitimacy to the regime and, in fact, formed one of the reasons for its collapse.

Delta Democracy

Catherine E. Herrold
Delta Democracy Book PDF

Author : Catherine E. Herrold
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190093259

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Delta Democracy by Catherine E. Herrold Pdf

The 2011 Arab Spring protests seemed to mark a turning point in Middle East politics, away from authoritarianism and toward democracy. Within a few years, however, most observers saw the protests as a failure given the outbreak of civil wars and re-emergence of authoritarian strongmen in countries like Egypt. But in Delta Democracy, Catherine E. Herrold argues that we should not overlook the ongoing mobilization taking place in grassroots civil society. Drawing upon ethnographic research on Egypt's nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the wake of the uprisings, Herrold uncovers the strategies that local NGOs used to build a more democratic and just society. Departing from US-based democracy advocates' attempts to reform national political institutions, local Egyptian organizations worked with communities to build a culture of democracy through public discussion, debate, and collective action. At present, these forms of participatory democracy are more attainable than establishing fair elections or parliaments, and they are helping Egyptians regain a sense of freedom that they have been denied as the long-time subjects of a dictator. Delta Democracy advances our understanding of how civil society organizations maneuver under state repression in order to combat authoritarianism. It also offers a concrete set of recommendations on how US policymakers can restructure foreign aid to better help local community organizations fighting to expand democracy.

Clientelism and Patronage in the Middle East and North Africa

Laura Ruiz de Elvira,Christoph H. Schwarz,Irene Weipert-Fenner
Clientelism and Patronage in the Middle East and North Africa Book PDF

Author : Laura Ruiz de Elvira,Christoph H. Schwarz,Irene Weipert-Fenner
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351169226

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Clientelism and Patronage in the Middle East and North Africa by Laura Ruiz de Elvira,Christoph H. Schwarz,Irene Weipert-Fenner Pdf

One common demand in the 2011 uprisings in the MENA region was the call for ‘freedom, dignity, and social justice.’ Citizens rallied against corruption and clientelism, which for many protesters were deeply linked to political tyranny. This book takes the phenomenon of the 2011 uprisings as a point of departure for reassessing clientelism and patronage across the entire MENA region. Using case studies covering Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey and the Gulf monarchies, it looks at how the relationships within and between clientelist and patronage networks changed before 2011. The book assesses how these changes contributed to the destabilization of the established political and social order, and how they affected less visible political processes. It then turns to look at how the political transformations since 2011 have in turn reconfigured these networks in terms of strategies and dynamics, and concomitantly, what implications this has had for the inclusion or exclusion of new actors. Are specific networks expanding or shrinking in the post-2011 contexts? Do these networks reproduce established forms of patron-client relations or do they translate into new modes and mechanisms? As the first book to systematically discuss clientelism, patronage and corruption against the background of the 2011 uprisings, it will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of Middle Eastern Studies. The book also addresses major debates in comparative politics and political sociology by offering ‘networks of dependency’ as an interdisciplinary conceptual approach that can ‘travel’ across place and time.

Routledge Handbook on Contemporary Egypt

Robert Springborg,Amr Adly,Anthony Gorman,Tamir Moustafa,Aisha Saad,Naomi Sakr,Sarah Smierciak
Routledge Handbook on Contemporary Egypt Book PDF

Author : Robert Springborg,Amr Adly,Anthony Gorman,Tamir Moustafa,Aisha Saad,Naomi Sakr,Sarah Smierciak
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 603 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780429603198

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Routledge Handbook on Contemporary Egypt by Robert Springborg,Amr Adly,Anthony Gorman,Tamir Moustafa,Aisha Saad,Naomi Sakr,Sarah Smierciak Pdf

Investigating key features of contemporary Egypt, this volume includes Egypt’s modern history, politics, economics, the legal system, environment, and its media and modes of cultural expression. It examines Egypt’s capacities to meet developmental challenges, ranging from responding to globalization and regional competition to generating sufficient economic growth and political inclusion to accommodate the interests and demands of a rapidly growing population. The macrohistory of Egypt is complemented by the microhistories of specific institutions and processes that constitute separate sections in this handbook. The chapters revolve around political economy: it is shaped by the people and their abilities, political and legal institutions, organization of the economy, natural and built environments, and culture and communication. Politics has been overwhelmingly authoritarian and coercive since the military seized power in 1952; consequently, the contributions address both the causes and consequences of unbalanced civil–military relations, military rule, and persisting authoritarianism in the political society. This multidisciplinary handbook serves a dual purpose of introducing readers to Egypt’s history and contemporary political economy and as a comprehensive key resource for postgraduate students and academics interested in modern Egypt.

Marketing Democracy

Erin A. Snider
Marketing Democracy Book PDF

Author : Erin A. Snider
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2022-03-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108844260

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Marketing Democracy by Erin A. Snider Pdf

By focusing on the construction and practice of democracy aid, this book shows how democracy aid can reinforce, rather than challenge authoritarian regimes.

The Politics of Migration in Modern Egypt

Gerasimos Tsourapas
The Politics of Migration in Modern Egypt Book PDF

Author : Gerasimos Tsourapas
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2018-12-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108475549

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The Politics of Migration in Modern Egypt by Gerasimos Tsourapas Pdf

Examines how authoritarian regimes employ labour emigration in order to remain in power, both in Egypt and beyond.

The Roots of Revolt

Angela Joya
The Roots of Revolt Book PDF

Author : Angela Joya
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 283 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108478366

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The Roots of Revolt by Angela Joya Pdf

A conceptually rich, historically informed study of the contested politics emerging out of decades of authoritarian neoliberalism in Egypt.

Winning Hearts and Votes

Steven Brooke
Winning Hearts and Votes Book PDF

Author : Steven Brooke
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-01-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781501730634

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Winning Hearts and Votes by Steven Brooke Pdf

In non-democratic regimes around the world, non-state organizations provide millions of citizens with medical care, schooling, childrearing, and other critical social services. Why would any authoritarian countenance this type of activism? Under what conditions does the private provision of social services generate political mobilization? And in those cases, what linkage does the provision of social services forge between the provider and recipient? In Winning Hearts and Votes, Steven Brooke argues that authoritarians often seek to manage moments of economic crisis by offloading social welfare responsibilities to non-state providers. But providers who serve poorer citizens, motivated by either charity of clientelism, will be constrained in their ability to mobilize voters because the poor depend on the state for many different goods. Organizations that serve paying customers, in contrast, may produce high quality, consistent, and effective services. This type of provision generates powerful, reputation-based linkages with a middle-class constituency more likely to support the provider on election day. Brooke backs up his novel argument with an in-depth examination of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood, the archetypal organization that combines social service provision with electoral success. With a fascinating array of historical, qualitative, spatial, and experimental data he traces the Brotherhood’s provision of medical services from its origins in the 1970s, through its maturation under the authoritarian regime of Hosni Mubarak, to its apogee during the country’s brief democratic interlude, 2011–2013. In addition to generating new insights into authoritarian regimes, party-voter linkages and clientelism, and the relationship between political parties and social movements, Winning Hearts and Votes details the history, operations, and political effects of the Muslim Brotherhood’s much discussed but little understood social service network.

Routledge Handbook on Arab Media

Noureddine Miladi,Noha Mellor
Routledge Handbook on Arab Media Book PDF

Author : Noureddine Miladi,Noha Mellor
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-29
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429762925

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Routledge Handbook on Arab Media by Noureddine Miladi,Noha Mellor Pdf

This handbook provides the first comprehensive reference book in English about the development of mass and social media in all Arab countries. Capturing the historical as well as current developments in the media scene, this collection maps the role of media in social and political movements. Contributors include specialists in the field from North America, Europe, and the Middle East. Each chapter provides an overview of the history, regulatory frameworks and laws governing the press, and socio-political functions of the media. While the geopolitical complexities of the region have been reflected in the expert analyses collectively, the focus is always the local context of each member state. All 38 chapters consider the specific historical, political, and media trajectories in each country, to provide a contextual background and foundation for further study about single states or comparative analysis in two or more Arab states. Capturing significant technological developments and the widespread use of social media, this all-inclusive volume on Arab media is a key resource for students and scholars interested in journalism, media, and Middle East studies.

Altered States

Sune Haugbolle,Mark LeVine
Altered States Book PDF

Author : Sune Haugbolle,Mark LeVine
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2022-08-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000617658

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Altered States by Sune Haugbolle,Mark LeVine Pdf

Building on Timothy Mitchell's seminal 1991 exploration of the "Limits of the State," this book brings together contributions on the state in the Arab world from the past and present in an edited volume. Altered States views the state less as a matter of people and institutions and more as sets of practices, regimes of truth, and capabilities of power, and the effects they have on those under their control. Through analysing case studies - including Tunisia, Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, Palestine, UAE, Rojova, and the Islamic State - the concept of the state is applied and questioned. This book examines the roots of policies that led to the uprisings, focusing on how the "authoritarian bargain", which helped define Arab politics, broke down with the rise of neoliberalism. It also assesses how boundaries between state and society have been redrawn, as various dynamics have brought state forces into more open conflict with citizens and each other. The rapid pace of change in the Arab world has necessitated constant modification of themes and theoretical lens of analysis. This book will, therefore, be of interest to practitioners, graduate students and academics of the Arab world, statehood, and political science.

Anticolonial Afterlives in Egypt

Sara Salem
Anticolonial Afterlives in Egypt Book PDF

Author : Sara Salem
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2020-04-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108491518

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Anticolonial Afterlives in Egypt by Sara Salem Pdf

Through Gramsci and Fanon, Salem centers anticolonial politics by exploring the connections between Egypt's moment of decolonization and the 2011 revolution.

Campaign Professionalism during Egypt’s 2012 Presidential Election

Dalia Elsheikh
Campaign Professionalism during Egypt s 2012 Presidential Election Book PDF

Author : Dalia Elsheikh
Publisher : Springer
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319759548

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Campaign Professionalism during Egypt’s 2012 Presidential Election by Dalia Elsheikh Pdf

This book presents the first analytical study of the levels of professionalism of campaigns in the 2012 Egyptian presidential elections. It considers the extent to which the election was professionalised and how far the levels of professionalism impacted the democratisation process of Egypt. It provides the story of the five main campaigns by applying the professionalisation index to analyse their structures (hardware) and strategies (software). The book also evaluates the application of the professionalization index to nascent democracies, and the impact of campaign professionalism on such democracies. The book encourages further studies within similar fragile democratic systems as well as offering campaigners practical guidance when approaching future elections.

The Routledge Handbook of Autocratization

Aurel Croissant,Luca Tomini
The Routledge Handbook of Autocratization Book PDF

Author : Aurel Croissant,Luca Tomini
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 622 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2024-05-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781040040188

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The Routledge Handbook of Autocratization by Aurel Croissant,Luca Tomini Pdf

The Routledge Handbook of Autocratization comprehensively and systematically explores the current understanding, and unchartered research paths, of autocratization. With wide-reaching regional coverage and expert analysis from Asia, North and South America, Europa, the Middle East, and North Africa, this handbook reveals cross-country, and cross-regional, analysis and insights and presents in-depth explanations and consequences of autocratization. Arranged in five thematic parts, chapters explore the basic aspects of conceptualization, theorization, and measurement of autocratization; the role of various political and non-political actors as perpetrators, supporters, bystanders, or defenders of democracy against autocratization processes; and the consequences across various policy fields. Showcasing cutting-edge research developments, the handbook illustrates the deeply complex nature of the field, examining important topics in need of renewed consideration at a time of growing concerns for democracy and the global spread of authoritarian challenges to democracy. The Routledge Handbook of Autocratization will be a key reference for those interested in, and studying authoritarianism, democratization, human rights, governance, democracy and more broadly comparative politics, and regional/area studies. Chapter 2 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Making Democracy Safe for Business

Robert Kubinec
Making Democracy Safe for Business Book PDF

Author : Robert Kubinec
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781009273527

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Making Democracy Safe for Business by Robert Kubinec Pdf

With in-depth interviews and surveys, this book explains why the Middle East's democratic reform movements failed to stop crony capitalism.