Cameroon 2021 Article Iv Consultation And First Reviews Under The Extended Credit Facility And The Extended Fund Facility Arrangements And Requests For Waivers For Performance Criteria Applicability And Nonobservance And Modification Of Performance Criterion Press Release Staff Report And Statement By The Executive Director For Cameroon

Cameroon 2021 Article Iv Consultation And First Reviews Under The Extended Credit Facility And The Extended Fund Facility Arrangements And Requests For Waivers For Performance Criteria Applicability And Nonobservance And Modification Of Performance Criterion Press Release Staff Report And Statement By The Executive Director For Cameroon Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Cameroon 2021 Article Iv Consultation And First Reviews Under The Extended Credit Facility And The Extended Fund Facility Arrangements And Requests For Waivers For Performance Criteria Applicability And Nonobservance And Modification Of Performance Criterion Press Release Staff Report And Statement By The Executive Director For Cameroon book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.

Cameroon: 2021 Article IV Consultation and First Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility and the Extended Fund Facility Arrangements and Requests for Waivers for Performance Criteria Applicability and Nonobservance and Modification Of Performance Criterion-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Cameroon

International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Cameroon 2021 Article IV Consultation and First Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility and the Extended Fund Facility Arrangements and Requests for Waivers for Performance Criteria Applicability and Nonobservance and Modification Of Performance Criterion Press Release Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director for Cameroon Book PDF

Author : International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400223549

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Cameroon: 2021 Article IV Consultation and First Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility and the Extended Fund Facility Arrangements and Requests for Waivers for Performance Criteria Applicability and Nonobservance and Modification Of Performance Criterion-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Cameroon by International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. African Dept. Pdf

Cameroon, the largest economy in the Central African Economic and Monetary Union (CEMAC), continues to face the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic. In July 2021, the IMF’s Executive Board approved three-year arrangements under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) and the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) for SDR 483 million (about US$ 689.5 million, or 175 percent of Cameroon’s quota) to support the country’s economic and financial reform program. This followed two disbursements in 2020 under the Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) totaling SDR 276 million, equivalent to about US$382 million or 100 percent of Cameroon’s quota.

Cameroon: 2021 Article IV Consultation and First Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility and the Extended Fund Facility Arrangements and Requests for Waivers for Performance Criteria Applicability and Nonobservance and Modification Of Performance Criterion-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Cameroon

International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Cameroon 2021 Article IV Consultation and First Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility and the Extended Fund Facility Arrangements and Requests for Waivers for Performance Criteria Applicability and Nonobservance and Modification Of Performance Criterion Press Release Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director for Cameroon Book PDF

Author : International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2022-03-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400203985

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Cameroon: 2021 Article IV Consultation and First Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility and the Extended Fund Facility Arrangements and Requests for Waivers for Performance Criteria Applicability and Nonobservance and Modification Of Performance Criterion-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Cameroon by International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. African Dept. Pdf

Cameroon, the largest economy in the Central African Economic and Monetary Union (CEMAC), continues to face the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic. In July 2021, the IMF’s Executive Board approved three-year arrangements under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) and the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) for SDR 483 million (about US$ 689.5 million, or 175 percent of Cameroon’s quota) to support the country’s economic and financial reform program. This followed two disbursements in 2020 under the Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) totaling SDR 276 million, equivalent to about US$382 million or 100 percent of Cameroon’s quota.

Armed Conflict Survey 2022

The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS)
Armed Conflict Survey 2022 Book PDF

Author : The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS)
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 549 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2022-11-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000861600

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Armed Conflict Survey 2022 by The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) Pdf

The Armed Conflict Survey 2022 provides an exhaustive review of the political, military and humanitarian dimensions of 33 active armed conflicts globally in the period from 1 March 2021 to 30 April 2022. The review is complemented by a strategic analysis of national, regional and global drivers and conflict outlooks, providing unique insights into the geopolitical and geo-economic threads linking conflicts across the world, as well as into emerging flashpoints and political risks. This edition includes a special feature on climate security given the increasingly urgent need to understand the complex interlinkages between climate change, climate vulnerability and conflict amid accelerating global warming. Reflecting the growing importance of geopolitical factors in the current global conflict landscape, The Armed Conflict Survey 2022 features the IISS Armed Conflict Global Relevance Indicator, which compares the global relevance of armed conflicts in terms of their geopolitical impact, as well as their human impact and intensity. This edition also includes maps, infographics and key statistics, as well as the accompanying Chart of Armed Conflict.

Collateralized Transactions

International Monetary Fund,World Bank
Collateralized Transactions Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund,World Bank
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 16 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513530703

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Collateralized Transactions by International Monetary Fund,World Bank Pdf

In a response to a request from the G20 IFA Working Group, this note provides a framework for public lenders and borrowers to assess collateralized financing practices from a development perspective. The work of the IMF and World Bank suggests that the availability of collateralized financing can be beneficial to a developing country borrower under a range of circumstances, but also points to pitfalls.

Banking in Africa

Anonim
Banking in Africa Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9286144954

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Banking in Africa by Anonim Pdf

In its fifth edition, this report focuses on recent developments in Africa's banking sectors and the policy options for all stakeholders. The study of banking sectors across all African sub-regions includes the results of the EIB survey of banking groups operating in Africa. Three thematic chapters address challenges and opportunities for financing investment in Africa: - Investing sustainably in Africa's cities; - Mobilising agricultural value chain financing in Africa: why and how; - Remittances and financial sector development in Africa.

The Gambia

International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
The Gambia Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-01-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513567983

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The Gambia by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. Pdf

The IMF Executive Board approved, on March 23, 2020, a 39-month Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement in the amount of SDR 35 million (56.3 percent of quota) for The Gambia. The Gambia benefited from a Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) disbursement of SDR 15.55 million (25 percent of quota) approved on April 15, 2020 and is receiving debt service relief under the Catastrophe Containment and Relief Trust (CCRT) expected to total SDR 7.9 million (SDR 4.2 million of which has already been approved), to help meet heightened balance-of-payments and fiscal financing needs due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. While indicators point to a domestic weakening of the pandemic, the authorities are seeking an ECF augmentation of SDR 20 million (32.15 percent of quota) to meet balance-of-payments needs arising from fiscal measures to stimulate the economic recovery in 2021, strengthen public health preparedness, increase social spending to mitigate the effects of the pandemic. They are also requesting a waiver of nonobservance of a continuous performance criterion (a zero ceiling) on new external payment arrears of the central government.

A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones

Dorsati Madani
A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones Book PDF

Author : Dorsati Madani
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Globalization
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones by Dorsati Madani Pdf

As instruments for encouraging economic development, export processing zones have only limited usefulness. A better policy choice is general liberalization of a country's economy.

Enron and World Finance

P. Dembinski,C. Lager,A. Cornford,J. Bonvin
Enron and World Finance Book PDF

Author : P. Dembinski,C. Lager,A. Cornford,J. Bonvin
Publisher : Springer
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2005-12-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780230518865

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Enron and World Finance by P. Dembinski,C. Lager,A. Cornford,J. Bonvin Pdf

Four years after the debacle, the term 'Enron' has earned its place in the everyday vocabulary of business ethics. Hardly anyone understands the business intricacies of what really happened with the sophisticated energy conglomerate. Even fewer are those able to envision, beyond the business case, the ethical questions and dilemmas facing actors at any one stage of the drama. Using the collapse of Enron as a case study, this book not only shows how and where ethics came into play, but also draws lessons and discusses possible remedies that may prevent the whole financial system from falling apart as a result of either excessive greed or over-regulation.

The Political Economy of Energy Subsidy Reform

Gabriela Inchauste,David G. Victor
The Political Economy of Energy Subsidy Reform Book PDF

Author : Gabriela Inchauste,David G. Victor
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2017-03-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464810084

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The Political Economy of Energy Subsidy Reform by Gabriela Inchauste,David G. Victor Pdf

This book proposes a simple framework for understanding the political economy of subsidy reform and applies it to four in-depth country studies covering more than 30 distinct episodes of reform. Five key lessons emerge. First, energy subsidies often follow a life cycle, beginning as a way to stabilize prices and reduce exposure to price volatility for low-income consumers. However, as they grow in size and political power, they become entrenched. Second, subsidy reform strategies vary because the underlying political economy problems vary. When benefits are concentrated, satisfying (or isolating) interest groups with alternative policies is an important condition for effective reform. When benefits are diffuse, it can be much harder to identify and manage the political coalition needed for reform. Third, governments vary in their administrative and political capacities to implement difficult energy subsidy reforms. Fourth, improvements in social protection systems are often critical to the success of reforms because they make it possible to target assistance to those most in need. Finally, the most interesting cases involve governments that take a strategic approach to the challenges of political economy. In these settings, fixing energy subsidies is central to the governments’ missions of retaining political power and reorganizing how the government delivers benefits to the population. These cases are examples of “reform engineering,†? where governments actively seek to create the capacity to implement alternative policies, depoliticize tariffs, and build credibility around alternative policies. The most successful reforms involve active efforts by policy leaders to identify the political forces supporting energy subsidies and redirect or inoculate them.

FIDIC - A Guide for Practitioners

Axel-Volkmar Jaeger,Götz-Sebastian Hök
FIDIC A Guide for Practitioners Book PDF

Author : Axel-Volkmar Jaeger,Götz-Sebastian Hök
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2009-11-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783642021008

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FIDIC - A Guide for Practitioners by Axel-Volkmar Jaeger,Götz-Sebastian Hök Pdf

In 1999, a suite of three new conditions of contract was published by FIDIC, following the basic structure and wording harmonised and updated around the previous FIDIC Design-Build and Turnkey Contract (the 1992 ‘‘Orange Book’’). These conditions, known as the ‘‘FIDIC rainbow, were the Conditions of C- tract for: l Construction, the so-called Red Book, for works designed by the Employer l Plant and Design-Build, the so-called Yellow Book, for works designed by the Contractor l EPC/Turnkey Projects, the so-called Silver Book, for works designed by the Contractor The ?rst is intended for construction works where the Employer is responsible for the design, as for per the previous so-called Red Book 4th Edition (1987), with an important role for the Engineer. The other two conditions of contract are intended for situations when the Contractor is responsible for the design. The Plant and Design-Build Contract has the traditional Engineer while the EPC/Turnkey Contract has a two-party arran- ment, generally with an Employer’s Representative as one of the parties.

Guinea-Bissau: First Review Under the Staff Monitored Program

International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Guinea Bissau First Review Under the Staff Monitored Program Book PDF

Author : International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2021-11-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781616354978

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Guinea-Bissau: First Review Under the Staff Monitored Program by International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. African Dept. Pdf

After two years of protracted political turmoil and delays in reforms, the authorities put in place in 2021 an ambitious fiscal consolidation program to ensure debt sustainability while creating fiscal space to address vast developmental needs. In late July, a 9-month SMP was approved to support the government’s reform program aimed at stabilizing the economy, strengthening governance, and building a sound track-record of policy implementation towards an Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement. Guinea-Bissau is a fragile state with considerable needs to address the COVID-19 pandemic and developmental challenges. A Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) disbursement of SDR 14.2 million (50 percent of quota) was approved in January to provide urgent financing to support critical spending in health and catalyze additional donor resources. The RCF disbursement, the recent SDR 27.2 million allocation (96 percent of quota) and reforms underpinned by the SMP are contributing to address the adverse impact of the pandemic, improve government spending transparency and mitigate debt vulnerabilities, and create conditions that would help restore donor confidence and catalyze much-needed concessional financing.

Sierra Leone

International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Sierra Leone Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 95 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2018-12-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484391396

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Sierra Leone by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. Pdf

Sierra Leone is a fragile state. Since emerging from a decade-long civil war in 2001, the country has made notable economic progress but has also suffered occasional setbacks, such as the Ebola Virus Disease epidemic of 2014. A three-year ECF arrangement was approved June 2017 to help address Sierra Leone’s macroeconomic weaknesses—in particular, low revenue, elevated inflation, high public debt, and inadequate foreign exchange reserve buffers—which had been exacerbated by the Ebola crisis and a collapse in iron ore prices (Country Report No. 17/154). However, the program went off track shortly after approval as lackluster revenue performance and expenditure overruns led to a budget cash shortfall and a growing stock of budget arrears. With the authorities unable to take corrective actions ahead of the March 2018 presidential elections the first review of the program was put on hold. Since then elections have produced a new government, marking the first change of power in ten years. This government has taken a number of corrective actions over the last six months with the aim of reviving the program engagement with the IMF.

A Manual on Government Finance Statistics

International Monetary Fund
A Manual on Government Finance Statistics Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Finance, Public
ISBN : UOM:39076001681886

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A Manual on Government Finance Statistics by International Monetary Fund Pdf

This Manual deals with concepts, definitions, and procedures for the compilation of statistics on government finance. It is intended as a reference tool for those who are called upon to prepare or evaluate such statistics. Focusing on financial transactions such as taxing, borrowing, spending, and lending, the Manual emphasizes the summarization and organization of statistics appropriate for analysis, planning, and policy determination.