Cancer Research In Minority And Medically Underserved Populations
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Publisher : Unknown Page : 44 pages File Size : 45,6 Mb Release : 1999 Category : Medical ISBN : STANFORD:36105050062996
Cancer Research in Minority and Medically Underserved Populations by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Pdf
Institute of Medicine,Committee on Cancer Research Among Minorities and the Medically Underserved
Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Cancer Research Among Minorities and the Medically Underserved Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 353 pages File Size : 54,5 Mb Release : 1999-06-11 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309071543
The Unequal Burden of Cancer by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Cancer Research Among Minorities and the Medically Underserved Pdf
We know more about cancer prevention, detection, and treatment than ever beforeâ€"yet not all segments of the U.S. population have benefited to the fullest extent possible from these advances. Some ethnic minorities experience more cancer than the majority population, and poor peopleâ€"no matter what their ethnicityâ€"often lack access to adequate cancer care. This book provides an authoritative view of cancer as it is experienced by ethnic minorities and the medically underserved. It offers conclusions and recommendations in these areas: Defining and understanding special populations, and improving the collection of cancer-related data. Setting appropriate priorities for and increasing the effectiveness of specific National Institutes of Health (NIH) research programs, to ensure that special populations are represented in clinical trials. Disseminating research results to health professionals serving these populations, with sensitivity to the issues of cancer survivorship. The book provides background data on the nation's struggle against cancer, activities and expenditures of the NIH, and other relevant topics.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Publisher : Unknown Page : 35 pages File Size : 50,7 Mb Release : 1999 Category : Cancer ISBN : OCLC:935168328
Cancer Research in Minority and Medically Underserved Populations by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Pdf
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Publisher : Unknown Page : 40 pages File Size : 41,7 Mb Release : 1999 Category : Medical ISBN : UCAL:B5104688
Cancer Research in Minority and Medically Underserved Populations by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Pdf
Cancer Health Disparities by Chanita Hughes Halbert, PhD Pdf
Despite improvements in strategies for early detection and cancer treatment, racial and ethnic groups and individuals from other medically underserved populations continue to experience disparities in cancer morbidity and mortality. Research in cancer health disparities has evolved from first generation studies that described racial differences in morbidity and mortality to research that examines the efforts of interventions that focus on increasing access to early detection and treatment. As a result of these efforts, racial background, socioeconomic characteristics, access to high quality cancer care, and psychological and social factors have been documented as important determinants of cancer health disparities; these factors provide the context within which cancer is detected, treated, and prevented. The field of cancer health disparities is now at a critical juncture where it is essential to move beyond descriptive information on determinants of disparities in cancer morbidity and mortality to translational studies that examine basic biological processes and how these processes interact with social, psychological, and behavioral factors to contribute to disparities in cancer risk and outcomes. Empirical evidence about the influence of multilevel determinants has grown, and now, more than ever, efforts are being made to understand the independent and interactive effects of biological, psychological, behavioral, and social determinants of cancer health disparities and to translate this information into sustainable interventions for cancer prevention, control, and treatment. Provides an in-depth examination of emerging evidence about multilevel determinants of cancer health disparities Describes novel frameworks and approaches that are being used to understand and address cancer health disparities Presents evidence-based interventions that have potential to achieve equity in cancer outcomes Reviews the effects of previous and ongoing approaches to address disparities
Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 781 pages File Size : 49,6 Mb Release : 2009-02-06 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309082655
Unequal Treatment by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care Pdf
Racial and ethnic disparities in health care are known to reflect access to care and other issues that arise from differing socioeconomic conditions. There is, however, increasing evidence that even after such differences are accounted for, race and ethnicity remain significant predictors of the quality of health care received. In Unequal Treatment, a panel of experts documents this evidence and explores how persons of color experience the health care environment. The book examines how disparities in treatment may arise in health care systems and looks at aspects of the clinical encounter that may contribute to such disparities. Patients' and providers' attitudes, expectations, and behavior are analyzed. How to intervene? Unequal Treatment offers recommendations for improvements in medical care financing, allocation of care, availability of language translation, community-based care, and other arenas. The committee highlights the potential of cross-cultural education to improve provider-patient communication and offers a detailed look at how to integrate cross-cultural learning within the health professions. The book concludes with recommendations for data collection and research initiatives. Unequal Treatment will be vitally important to health care policymakers, administrators, providers, educators, and students as well as advocates for people of color.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 583 pages File Size : 40,5 Mb Release : 2017-04-27 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309452960
Communities in Action by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Pdf
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author : American Association for Cancer Research Publisher : Unknown Page : 128 pages File Size : 54,6 Mb Release : 2020-03-24 Category : Electronic ISBN : 1734743204
AACR Cancer Disparities Progress Report 2020 by American Association for Cancer Research Pdf
Cancer health disparities are one of the most pressing public health challenges we face today in the United States, and the AACR Cancer Disparities Progress Report 2020 highlights areas of progress in addressing this challenge. It also emphasizes the need for continued research and for increased collaboration among stakeholders if we are to achieve the bold vision of health equity. Racial and ethnic minorities are among the populations groups that have long experienced significant cancer health disparities, although progress in the form of narrowing of the disparities in the overall cancer death rate among racial and ethnic groups in the United States is evident in recent years. We have also made progress in deepening our understanding of the many complex factors that contribute to cancer health disparities. Most important among these are social, clinical, behavioral, cultural, psychological, environmental, and genetic and biological factors. Unfortunately, as pointed out in the report, most data on cancer biology comes from white individuals and there is an urgent need for much more research to increase our understanding of the genes and mutations associated with cancer in racial and ethnic minorities.Despite recent advances in cancer treatment, racial and ethnic minorities are often less likely to receive the standard of care recommended for the type and stage of cancer with which they have been diagnosed. To achieve health equity for everyone, stakeholders must work together to remove the barriers that prevent all segments of the population benefiting equally from lifesaving progress in cancer treatment, including a serious lack of racial and ethnic diversity among those who pariticipate in cancer clinical trials. Over the past decade, the field of cancer health disparities research has evolved from simply describing different outcomes among populations into an established multidisciplinary field of research. To further accelerate the pace of progress against cancer health disparities concerted efforts by all stakeholders is absolutely critical. Thus, the report concludes with a call to action to Congress. Through robust and sustained funding, Congress help us achieve the bold vision of health equity.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment Publisher : Unknown Page : 208 pages File Size : 53,6 Mb Release : 2000 Category : Law ISBN : PSU:000047021617
Department of Health & Human Services,Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Author : Department of Health & Human Services,Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Publisher : CreateSpace Page : 244 pages File Size : 40,6 Mb Release : 2014-05-25 Category : Medical ISBN : 1499672284
Knowledge and Access to Information on Recruitment of Underrepresented Populations to Cancer Clinical Trials by Department of Health & Human Services,Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Pdf
The burden of cancer falls disproportionately upon the medically underserved, and research studies are essential to improving health care in general, including for medically underserved populations. Clinical trials are used to evaluate efficacious prevention and treatment interventions; however, studies often fail to recruit the planned number of participants. Trials often do not include an adequately diverse population to ensure broad generalizability of results. Recent studies of patients enrolled in cancer treatment trials sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) have demonstrated that the following populations are underrepresented in terms of their participation in cancer treatment trials: the elderly, those of low socio-economic status, those living in rural areas and Latino/Hispanic, Asian /Pacific Islander and American Indian/Alaska native men and women, as well as African-American men. Since the 1980s cancer prevention trials have been conducted with participants at highest risk for disease to reduce the cancer burden, and as in treatment trials, adequate representation of underserved populations in prevention trials is desirable. Questions remain regarding the appropriate level of inclusion, i.e., whether it might depend on the prevalence of the condition/disease studied in the overall population. This issue has not been addressed adequately in the literature. Moreover, there is substantial uncertainty about what are important barriers and promoters of recruitment of underrepresented populations, and what evidence-based interventions would address them. At the request of and with the financial support of NCI, AHRQ commissioned a systematic review of the existing evidence on the recruitment of underrepresented populations into cancer clinical trials, to be performed by the Johns Hopkins University EPC. Specifically, the EPC investigators were asked to consider six key questions: Key Question 1: What methods (e.g., survey studies, focus groups) have been used to study strategies to recruit underrepresented populations into cancer prevention and treatment trials? We defined underrepresented populations as including the elderly, adolescents, those of low socioeconomic status, those living in rural areas, African Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, Asian Americans, and American Indians. Key Question 2: What measures of success (e.g., proportional representation relative to the U.S. population; proportional representation relative to incidence in a specified population) have been used to evaluate the efficacy and/or effectiveness of strategies for recruitment of underrepresented populations into cancer prevention and treatment trials? Key Questions 3 and 4: Which recruitment strategies (e.g., media appeals, incentives, etc.) have been shown to be efficacious and/or effective in increasing participation of underrepresented populations in cancer treatment and prevention trials? Key Question 5: What are the documented barriers to and promoters of participation of underrepresented populations in cancer prevention and treatment trials? Examples of potential barriers include access, knowledge, attitudes, eligibility, fatalism, religiosity/spirituality and exclusions by design. Examples of potential promoters include attitudes, altruism, advanced disease, financial incentives, and no-cost treatment. Key Question 5a: Do these barriers and promoters differ by age, gender, socioeconomic status or race/ethnicity? Key Question 5b: Are these barriers and promoters modified by cultural factors? Key Question 6: What effects do the attitudes and perceptions of health care providers have on the efficacy/effectiveness of strategies for recruitment of underrepresented populations into cancer prevention and treatment trials? Health care providers were defined as including any health professional or health care organization that provides health services to patients.
Rural and Other Medically Underserved Populations, An Issue of Nursing Clinics of North America 50-3, E-Book by JoAnn S. Oliver Pdf
This issue will address health care issues and clinical implications of rural and other medically underserved priority populations. The Agency for Health Care Research and Quality identified priority populations to include rural residents, racial and ethnic minorities, low income groups, women, children, older adults, and other individuals who may require chronic care. The editors identified a need for articles focusing on priority populations to help further understand health implications of health disparities among specific populations. A main focus is on identifying useful clinically focused strategies to address racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic differences that are relevant and influence overall healthcare, access, and quality of life. The articles will provide clinicians and other consumers of Nursing Clinics of North America with a diverse and unique perspective on an array of clinically relevant and population focused topics. Some example topics included are: Tailoring interactive multimedia to improve diabetes self- management; Addressing mental and physical health among older adults; Using mobile devices to access evidence- based information in a rural setting; Identifying family history and development of risk factors for diabetes among underserved preschool children; Addressing smoking cessation, Cancer screening issues, Cardiovascular health, and Obesity.
Minorities and Cancer broadly surveys the problem of cancer in minority communities. Leading epidemiologists discuss cancer incidence and mortality in minority populations, including black Americans, Hispanics, American Indians, and Asian Americans. Major sections review cancer prevention and detection programs available to the private practice physician and the community, research findings on cancer in minority groups, and cancer treatment. The final chapters summarize the problem and its possible solutions as perceived by leaders at the American Cancer Society, the National Cancer Institute, the Office of Minority Health Affairs of the Department of Health and Human Services, and Meharry Medical College, a leading minority medical school in the United States.
Minorities and Cancer broadly surveys the problem of cancer in minority communities. Leading epidemiologists discuss cancer incidence and mortality in minority populations, including black Americans, Hispanics, American Indians, and Asian Americans. Major sections review cancer prevention and detection programs available to the private practice physician and the community, research findings on cancer in minority groups, and cancer treatment. The final chapters summarize the problem and its possible solutions as perceived by leaders at the American Cancer Society, the National Cancer Institute, the Office of Minority Health Affairs of the Department of Health and Human Services, and Meharry Medical College, a leading minority medical school in the United States.
Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos by Amelie G. Ramirez,Edward J. Trapido Pdf
This open access book gives an overview of the sessions, panel discussions, and outcomes of the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference, held in February 2018 in San Antonio, Texas, USA, and hosted by the Mays Cancer Center and the Institute for Health Promotion Research at UT Health San Antonio. Latinos – the largest, youngest, and fastest-growing minority group in the United States – are expected to face a 142% rise in cancer cases in coming years. Although there has been substantial advancement in cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment over the past few decades, addressing Latino cancer health disparities has not nearly kept pace with progress. The diverse and dynamic group of speakers and panelists brought together at the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference provided in-depth insights as well as progress and actionable goals for Latino-focused basic science research, clinical best practices, community interventions, and what can be done by way of prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer in Latinos. These insights have been translated into the chapters included in this compendium; the chapters summarize the presentations and include current knowledge in the specific topic areas, identified gaps, and top priority areas for future cancer research in Latinos. Topics included among the chapters: Colorectal cancer disparities in Latinos: Genes vs. Environment Breast cancer risk and mortality in women of Latin American origin Differential cancer risk in Latinos: The role of diet Overcoming barriers for Latinos on cancer clinical trials Es tiempo: Engaging Latinas in cervical cancer research Emerging policies in U.S. health care Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos proves to be an indispensable resource offering key insights into actionable targets for basic science research, suggestions for clinical best practices and community interventions, and novel strategies and advocacy opportunities to reduce health disparities in Latino communities. It will find an engaged audience among researchers, academics, physicians and other healthcare professionals, patient advocates, students, and others with an interest in the broad field of Latino cancer.
