Capstone Design Courses Part Two

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Capstone Design Courses, Part Two

Jay Goldberg
Capstone Design Courses Part Two Book PDF

Author : Jay Goldberg
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 97 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-09-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781627050449

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Capstone Design Courses, Part Two by Jay Goldberg Pdf

The biomedical engineering senior capstone design course is probably the most important course taken by undergraduate biomedical engineering students. It provides them with the opportunity to apply what they have learned in previous years, develop their communication, teamwork, project management, and design skills, and learn about the product development process. It prepares students for professional practice and serves as a preview of what it will be like to work as a biomedical engineer. The capstone design experience can change the way engineering students think about technology, themselves, society, and the world around them. It can make them aware of their potential to make a positive contribution to healthcare throughout the world and generate excitement for, and pride in, the engineering profession. Ideas for how to organize, structure, and manage a senior capstone design course for biomedical and other engineering students are presented here. These ideas will be helpful to faculty who are creating a new design course, expanding a current design program, or just looking for some ideas for improving an existing course. The better we can make these courses, the more "industry ready" our students will be, and the better prepared they will be for meaningful, successful careers in biomedical engineering. This book is the second part of a series covering Capstone Design Courses for biomedical engineers. Part I is available online here and in print (ISBN 9781598292923) and covers the following topics: Purpose, Goals, and Benefits; Designing a Course to Meet Student Needs; Enhancing the Capstone Design Courses; Meeting the Changing Needs of Future Engineers. Table of Contents: The Myth of the "Industry-Ready" Engineer / Recent Trends and the Current State of Capstone Design / Preparing Students for Capstone Design / Helping Students Recognize the Value of Capstone Design Courses / Developing Teamwork Skills / Incorporating Design Controls / Learning to Identify Problems, Unmet Needs, and New Product Opportunities / Design Verification and Validation / Liability Issues with Assistive Technology Projects / Standards in Capstone Design Courses and the Engineering Curriculum / Design Transfer and Design for Manufacturability / Learning from other Engineering Disciplines: Capstone Design Conferences / Maintaining a Relevant, Up-to-Date Capstone Design Course / Active Learning in Capstone Design Courses / Showcasing Student Projects: National Student Design Competitions / Managing Student Expectations of the "Real World" / Career Management and Professional Development / Conclusion

Capstone Design Courses, Part II

Jay Goldberg
Capstone Design Courses Part II Book PDF

Author : Jay Goldberg
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 83 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2022-05-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031016523

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Capstone Design Courses, Part II by Jay Goldberg Pdf

The biomedical engineering senior capstone design course is probably the most important course taken by undergraduate biomedical engineering students. It provides them with the opportunity to apply what they have learned in previous years, develop their communication, teamwork, project management, and design skills, and learn about the product development process. It prepares students for professional practice and serves as a preview of what it will be like to work as a biomedical engineer. The capstone design experience can change the way engineering students think about technology, themselves, society, and the world around them. It can make them aware of their potential to make a positive contribution to healthcare throughout the world and generate excitement for, and pride in, the engineering profession. Ideas for how to organize, structure, and manage a senior capstone design course for biomedical and other engineering students are presented here. These ideas will be helpful to faculty who are creating a new design course, expanding a current design program, or just looking for some ideas for improving an existing course. The better we can make these courses, the more "industry ready" our students will be, and the better prepared they will be for meaningful, successful careers in biomedical engineering. This book is the second part of a series covering Capstone Design Courses for biomedical engineers. Part I is available online here and in print (ISBN 9781598292923) and covers the following topics: Purpose, Goals, and Benefits; Designing a Course to Meet Student Needs; Enhancing the Capstone Design Courses; Meeting the Changing Needs of Future Engineers. Table of Contents: The Myth of the "Industry-Ready" Engineer / Recent Trends and the Current State of Capstone Design / Preparing Students for Capstone Design / Helping Students Recognize the Value of Capstone Design Courses / Developing Teamwork Skills / Incorporating Design Controls / Learning to Identify Problems, Unmet Needs, and New Product Opportunities / Design Verification and Validation / Liability Issues with Assistive Technology Projects / Standards in Capstone Design Courses and the Engineering Curriculum / Design Transfer and Design for Manufacturability / Learning from other Engineering Disciplines: Capstone Design Conferences / Maintaining a Relevant, Up-to-Date Capstone Design Course / Active Learning in Capstone Design Courses / Showcasing Student Projects: National Student Design Competitions / Managing Student Expectations of the "Real World" / Career Management and Professional Development / Conclusion

Capstone Design Courses

Jay Goldberg
Capstone Design Courses Book PDF

Author : Jay Goldberg
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 77 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031016196

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Capstone Design Courses by Jay Goldberg Pdf

The biomedical engineering senior capstone design course is probably the most important course taken by undergraduate biomedical engineering students. It provides them with the opportunity to apply what they have learned in previous years; develop their communication (written, oral, and graphical), interpersonal (teamwork, conflict management, and negotiation), project management, and design skills; and learn about the product development process. It also provides students with an understanding of the economic, financial, legal, and regulatory aspects of the design, development, and commercialization of medical technology. The capstone design experience can change the way engineering students think about technology, society, themselves, and the world around them. It gives them a short preview of what it will be like to work as an engineer. It can make them aware of their potential to make a positive contribution to health care throughout the world and generate excitement for and pride in the engineering profession. Working on teams helps students develop an appreciation for the many ways team members, with different educational, political, ethnic, social, cultural, and religious backgrounds, look at problems. They learn to value diversity and become more willing to listen to different opinions and perspectives. Finally, they learn to value the contributions of nontechnical members of multidisciplinary project teams. Ideas for how to organize, structure, and manage a senior capstone design course for biomedical and other engineering students are presented here. These ideas will be helpful to faculty who are creating a new design course, expanding a current design program to more than the senior year, or just looking for some ideas for improving an existing course. Contents: I. Purpose, Goals, and Benefits / Why Our Students Need a Senior Capstone Design Course / Desired Learning Outcomes / Changing Student Attitudes, Perceptions, and Awarenesss / Senior Capstone Design Courses and Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology Outcomes / II. Designing a Course to Meet Student Needs / Course Management and Required Deliverables / Projects and Project Teams / Lecture Topics / Intellectual Property Confidentiality Issues in Design Projects / III. Enhancing the Capstone Design Experience / Industry Involvement in Capstone Design Courses / Developing Business and Entrepreneurial Literacy / Providing Students with a Clinical Perspective / Service Learning Opportunities / Collaboration with Industrial Design Students / National Student Design Competitions / Organizational Support for Senior Capstone Design Courses / IV. Meeting the Changing Needs of Future Engineers / Capstone Design Courses and the Engineer of 2020

Design Education Today

Dirk Schaefer,Graham Coates,Claudia Eckert
Design Education Today Book PDF

Author : Dirk Schaefer,Graham Coates,Claudia Eckert
Publisher : Springer
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2019-05-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030171346

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Design Education Today by Dirk Schaefer,Graham Coates,Claudia Eckert Pdf

This book provides extensive information on the key technical design disciplines, education programs, international best practices and modes of delivery that are aimed at preparing a trans-disciplinary design workforce for the future. It also presents a comprehensive overview of the scope of, and state of the art in, design education. The book highlights signature design education programs from around the globe and across all levels, in both traditional and distance learning settings. Additionally, it discusses professional societies for designers and design educators, as well as the current standards for professional registration, and program accreditation. Reflecting recent advances and emerging trends, it offers a valuable handbook for design practitioners and managers, curriculum designers and program leaders alike. It will also be of interest to students and academics looking to develop a career related to the more technical aspects of design.

Capstone Design Courses

Jay Richard Goldberg
Capstone Design Courses Book PDF

Author : Jay Richard Goldberg
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 85 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Biomedical engineering
ISBN : 9781598292923

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Capstone Design Courses by Jay Richard Goldberg Pdf

The biomedical engineering senior capstone design course is probably the most important course taken by undergraduate biomedical engineering students. It provides them with the opportunity to apply what they have learned in previous years; develop their communication (written, oral, and graphical), interpersonal (teamwork, conflict management, and negotiation), project management, and design skills; and learn about the product development process. It also provides students with an understanding of the economic, financial, legal, and regulatory aspects of the design, development, and commercialization of medical technology. The capstone design experience can change the way engineering students think about technology, society, themselves, and the world around them. It gives them a short preview of what it will be like to work as an engineer. It can make them aware of their potential to make a positive contribution to health care throughout the world and generate excitement for and pride in the engineering profession. Working on teams helps students develop an appreciation for the many ways team members, with different educational, political, ethnic, social, cultural, and religious backgrounds, look at problems. They learn to value diversity and become more willing to listen to different opinions and perspectives. Finally, they learn to value the contributions of nontechnical members of multidisciplinary project teams. Ideas for how to organize, structure, and manage a senior capstone design course for biomedical and other engineering students are presented here. These ideas will be helpful to faculty who are creating a new design course, expanding a current design program to more than the senior year, or just looking for some ideas for improving an existing course.

Health Care Engineering Part II

Monique Frize
Health Care Engineering Part II Book PDF

Author : Monique Frize
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 69 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031016585

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Health Care Engineering Part II by Monique Frize Pdf

Part II of Health Care Engineering begins with statistics on the occurrence of medical errors and adverse events, and includes some technological solutions. A chapter on electronic medical records follows. The knowledge management process divided into four steps is described; this includes a discussion on data acquisition, storage, and retrieval. The next two chapters discuss the other three steps of the knowledge management process (knowledge discovery, knowledge translation, knowledge integration and sharing). The last chapter briefly discusses usability studies and clinical trials. This two-part book consolidates material that supports courses on technology development and management issues in health care institutions. It can be useful for anyone involved in design, development, or research, whether in industry, hospitals, or government.

Engineering Capstone Design

Bahram Nassersharif
Engineering Capstone Design Book PDF

Author : Bahram Nassersharif
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-06-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000602432

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Engineering Capstone Design by Bahram Nassersharif Pdf

Structured with a practical approach, Engineering Capstone Design guides engineering students to successfully manage capstone design projects. The book addresses the challenge of open-ended design projects, often in a team-based format, discussing team member roles, communication, and cooperation. It incorporates accreditation requirements and provides a modern framework for working with industry, reinforced by the inclusion of case studies. Offers a structured process for capstone design, responsive to ABET accreditation requirements Explains how to manage design projects under critical timelines and budgets Covers essential topics and steps in a capstone design sequence, including defining, conceiving, presenting, prototyping, building, testing, and redesigning Considers industry perspectives, as well as design competitions Includes case studies for a look into industry experience In addition to guiding engineering students conducting capstone design projects, this book will also interest industry professionals who are engaged in product development or design problem-solving.

Senior Design Experience

Mansour Eslami
Senior Design Experience Book PDF

Author : Mansour Eslami
Publisher : Agile Press
Page : 85 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Engineering design
ISBN : 9780971823914

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Senior Design Experience by Mansour Eslami Pdf

A textbook mainly geared toward seniors in engineering, and aiming to meet the requirements for ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering & Technology (U.S.))

Models of Horizontal Eye Movements, Part II

John Enderle,Wei Zhou
Models of Horizontal Eye Movements Part II Book PDF

Author : John Enderle,Wei Zhou
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031016431

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Models of Horizontal Eye Movements, Part II by John Enderle,Wei Zhou Pdf

There are five different types of eye movements: saccades, smooth pursuit, vestibular ocular eye movements, optokinetic eye movements, and vergence eye movements. The purpose of this book is focused primarily on mathematical models of the horizontal saccadic eye movement system and the smooth pursuit system, rather than on how visual information is processed. A saccade is a fast eye movement used to acquire a target by placing the image of the target on the fovea. Smooth pursuit is a slow eye movement used to track a target as it moves by keeping the target on the fovea. The vestibular ocular movement is used to keep the eyes on a target during brief head movements. The optokinetic eye movement is a combination of saccadic and slow eye movements that keeps a full-field image stable on the retina during sustained head rotation. Each of these movements is a conjugate eye movement, that is, movements of both eyes together driven by a common neural source. A vergence movement is a non-conjugate eye movement allowing the eyes to track targets as they come closer or farther away. In this book, a 2009 version of a state-of-the-art model is presented for horizontal saccades that is 3rd-order and linear, and controlled by a physiologically based time-optimal neural network. The oculomotor plant and saccade generator are the basic elements of the saccadic system. The control of saccades is initiated by the superior colliculus and terminated by the cerebellar fastigial nucleus, and involves a complex neural circuit in the mid brain. This book is the second part of a book series on models of horizontal eye movements. Table of Contents: 2009 Linear Homeomorphic Saccadic Eye Movement Model and Post-Saccade Behavior: Dynamic and Glissadic Overshoot / Neural Network for the Saccade Controller

Models of Horizontal Eye Movements

Alireza Ghahari,John D. Enderle
Models of Horizontal Eye Movements Book PDF

Author : Alireza Ghahari,John D. Enderle
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031016639

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Models of Horizontal Eye Movements by Alireza Ghahari,John D. Enderle Pdf

There are five different types of eye movements: saccades, smooth pursuit, vestibular ocular eye movements, optokinetic eye movements, and vergence eye movements. The purpose of this book series is focused primarily on mathematical models of the horizontal saccadic eye movement system and the smooth pursuit system, rather than on how visual information is processed. In Part 1, early models of saccades and smooth pursuit are presented. A number of oculomotor plant models are described here beginning with the Westheimer model published in 1954, and up through our 1995 model involving a 4th order oculomotor plant model. In Part 2, a 2009 version of a state-of-the-art model is presented for horizontal saccades that is 3rd-order and linear, and controlled by a physiologically based time-optimal neural network. Part 3 describes a model of the saccade system, focusing on the neural network. It presents a neural network model of biophysical neurons in the midbrain for controlling oculomotor muscles during horizontal human saccades. In this book, a multiscale model of the saccade system is presented, focusing on a multiscale neural network and muscle fiber model. Chapter 1 presents a comprehensive model for the control of horizontal saccades using a muscle fiber model for the lateral and medial rectus muscles. The importance of this model is that each muscle fiber has a separate neural input. This model is robust and accounts for the neural activity for both large and small saccades. The muscle fiber model consists of serial sequences of muscle fibers in parallel with other serial sequences of muscle fibers. Each muscle fiber is described by a parallel combination of a linear length tension element, viscous element, and active-state tension generator. Chapter 2 presents a biophysically realistic neural network model in the midbrain to drive a muscle fiber oculomotor plant during horizontal monkey saccades. Neural circuitry, including omnipause neuron, premotor excitatory and inhibitory burst neurons, long lead burst neuron, tonic neuron, interneuron, abducens nucleus, and oculomotor nucleus, is developed to examine saccade dynamics. The time-optimal control mechanism demonstrates how the neural commands are encoded in the downstream saccadic pathway by realization of agonist and antagonist controller models. Consequently, each agonist muscle fiber is stimulated by an agonist neuron, while an antagonist muscle fiber is unstimulated by a pause and step from the antagonist neuron. It is concluded that the neural network is constrained by a minimum duration of the agonist pulse, and that the most dominant factor in determining the saccade magnitude is the number of active neurons for the small saccades. For the large saccades, however, the duration of agonist burst firing significantly affects the control of saccades. The proposed saccadic circuitry establishes a complete model of saccade generation since it not only includes the neural circuits at both the premotor and motor stages of the saccade generator, but it also uses a time-optimal controller to yield the desired saccade magnitude. Table of Contents: Acknowledgments / A New Linear Muscle Fiber Model for Neural Control of Saccades\footnotemark / A Physiological Neural Controller of a Muscle Fiber Oculomotor Plant in Horizontal Monkey Saccades\footnotemark / References / Authors' Biographies

Computerized Analysis of Mammographic Images for Detection and Characterization of Breast Cancer

Arianna Mencattini,Paola Casti
Computerized Analysis of Mammographic Images for Detection and Characterization of Breast Cancer Book PDF

Author : Arianna Mencattini,Paola Casti
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2022-05-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031016646

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Computerized Analysis of Mammographic Images for Detection and Characterization of Breast Cancer by Arianna Mencattini,Paola Casti Pdf

The identification and interpretation of the signs of breast cancer in mammographic images from screening programs can be very difficult due to the subtle and diversified appearance of breast disease. This book presents new image processing and pattern recognition techniques for computer-aided detection and diagnosis of breast cancer in its various forms. The main goals are: (1) the identification of bilateral asymmetry as an early sign of breast disease which is not detectable by other existing approaches; and (2) the detection and classification of masses and regions of architectural distortion, as benign lesions or malignant tumors, in a unified framework that does not require accurate extraction of the contours of the lesions. The innovative aspects of the work include the design and validation of landmarking algorithms, automatic Tabár masking procedures, and various feature descriptors for quantification of similarity and for contour independent classification of mammographic lesions. Characterization of breast tissue patterns is achieved by means of multidirectional Gabor filters. For the classification tasks, pattern recognition strategies, including Fisher linear discriminant analysis, Bayesian classifiers, support vector machines, and neural networks are applied using automatic selection of features and cross-validation techniques. Computer-aided detection of bilateral asymmetry resulted in accuracy up to 0.94, with sensitivity and specificity of 1 and 0.88, respectively. Computer-aided diagnosis of automatically detected lesions provided sensitivity of detection of malignant tumors in the range of [0.70, 0.81] at a range of falsely detected tumors of [0.82, 3.47] per image. The techniques presented in this work are effective in detecting and characterizing various mammographic signs of breast disease.

Spatiotemporal Modeling of Influenza

William E. Schiesser
Spatiotemporal Modeling of Influenza Book PDF

Author : William E. Schiesser
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 97 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031016653

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Spatiotemporal Modeling of Influenza by William E. Schiesser Pdf

This book has a two-fold purpose: (1) An introduction to the computer-based modeling of influenza, a continuing major worldwide communicable disease. (2) The use of (1) as an illustration of a methodology for the computer-based modeling of communicable diseases. For the purposes of (1) and (2), a basic influenza model is formulated as a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) that define the spatiotemporal evolution of four populations: susceptibles, untreated and treated infecteds, and recovereds. The requirements of a well-posed PDE model are considered, including the initial and boundary conditions. The terms of the PDEs are explained. The computer implementation of the model is illustrated with a detailed line-by-line explanation of a system of routines in R (a quality, open-source scientific computing system that is readily available from the Internet). The R routines demonstrate the straightforward numerical solution of a system of nonlinear PDEs by the method of lines (MOL), an established general algorithm for PDEs. The presentation of the PDE modeling methodology is introductory with a minumum of formal mathematics (no theorems and proofs), and with emphasis on example applications. The intent of the book is to assist in the initial understanding and use of PDE mathematical modeling of communicable diseases, and the explanation and interpretation of the computed model solutions, as illustrated with the influenza model.

Mechanical Testing for the Biomechanics Engineer

Marnie M. Saunders
Mechanical Testing for the Biomechanics Engineer Book PDF

Author : Marnie M. Saunders
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031016622

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Mechanical Testing for the Biomechanics Engineer by Marnie M. Saunders Pdf

Mechanical testing is a useful tool in the field of biomechanics. Classic biomechanics employs mechanical testing for a variety of purposes. For instance, testing may be used to determine the mechanical properties of bone under a variety of loading modes and various conditions including age and disease state. In addition, testing may be used to assess fracture fixation procedures to justify clinical approaches. Mechanical testing may also be used to test implants and biomaterials to determine mechanical strength and appropriateness for clinical purposes. While the information from a mechanical test will vary, there are basics that need to be understood to properly conduct mechanical testing. This book will attempt to provide the reader not only with the basic theory of conducting mechanical testing, but will also focus on providing practical insights and examples.

Content-based Retrieval of Medical Images

Paulo Mazzoncini de Azevedo-Marques,Rangaraj Rangayyan
Content based Retrieval of Medical Images Book PDF

Author : Paulo Mazzoncini de Azevedo-Marques,Rangaraj Rangayyan
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 125 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031016516

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Content-based Retrieval of Medical Images by Paulo Mazzoncini de Azevedo-Marques,Rangaraj Rangayyan Pdf

Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is the process of retrieval of images from a database that are similar to a query image, using measures derived from the images themselves, rather than relying on accompanying text or annotation. To achieve CBIR, the contents of the images need to be characterized by quantitative features; the features of the query image are compared with the features of each image in the database and images having high similarity with respect to the query image are retrieved and displayed. CBIR of medical images is a useful tool and could provide radiologists with assistance in the form of a display of relevant past cases. One of the challenging aspects of CBIR is to extract features from the images to represent their visual, diagnostic, or application-specific information content. In this book, methods are presented for preprocessing, segmentation, landmarking, feature extraction, and indexing of mammograms for CBIR. The preprocessing steps include anisotropic diffusion and the Wiener filter to remove noise and perform image enhancement. Techniques are described for segmentation of the breast and fibroglandular disk, including maximum entropy, a moment-preserving method, and Otsu's method. Image processing techniques are described for automatic detection of the nipple and the edge of the pectoral muscle via analysis in the Radon domain. By using the nipple and the pectoral muscle as landmarks, mammograms are divided into their internal, external, upper, and lower parts for further analysis. Methods are presented for feature extraction using texture analysis, shape analysis, granulometric analysis, moments, and statistical measures. The CBIR system presented provides options for retrieval using the Kohonen self-organizing map and the k-nearest-neighbor method. Methods are described for inclusion of expert knowledge to reduce the semantic gap in CBIR, including the query point movement method for relevance feedback (RFb). Analysis of performance is described in terms of precision, recall, and relevance-weighted precision of retrieval. Results of application to a clinical database of mammograms are presented, including the input of expert radiologists into the CBIR and RFb processes. Models are presented for integration of CBIR and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) with a picture archival and communication system (PACS) for efficient workflow in a hospital. Table of Contents: Introduction to Content-based Image Retrieval / Mammography and CAD of Breast Cancer / Segmentation and Landmarking of Mammograms / Feature Extraction and Indexing of Mammograms / Content-based Retrieval of Mammograms / Integration of CBIR and CAD into Radiological Workflow

Computer-Aided Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms of Interval Cancer

Shantanu Banik,Rangaraj Rangayyan,J.E. Leo Desautels
Computer Aided Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms of Interval Cancer Book PDF

Author : Shantanu Banik,Rangaraj Rangayyan,J.E. Leo Desautels
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2022-05-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031016561

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Computer-Aided Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms of Interval Cancer by Shantanu Banik,Rangaraj Rangayyan,J.E. Leo Desautels Pdf

Architectural distortion is an important and early sign of breast cancer, but because of its subtlety, it is a common cause of false-negative findings on screening mammograms. Screening mammograms obtained prior to the detection of cancer could contain subtle signs of early stages of breast cancer, in particular, architectural distortion. This book presents image processing and pattern recognition techniques to detect architectural distortion in prior mammograms of interval-cancer cases. The methods are based upon Gabor filters, phase portrait analysis, procedures for the analysis of the angular spread of power, fractal analysis, Laws' texture energy measures derived from geometrically transformed regions of interest (ROIs), and Haralick's texture features. With Gabor filters and phase-portrait analysis, 4,224 ROIs were automatically obtained from 106 prior mammograms of 56 interval-cancer cases, including 301 true-positive ROIs related to architectural distortion, and from 52 mammograms of 13 normal cases. For each ROI, the fractal dimension, the entropy of the angular spread of power, 10 Laws' texture energy measures, and Haralick's 14 texture features were computed. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves obtained using the features selected by stepwise logistic regression and the leave-one-image-out method are 0.77 with the Bayesian classifier, 0.76 with Fisher linear discriminant analysis, and 0.79 with a neural network classifier. Free-response ROC analysis indicated sensitivities of 0.80 and 0.90 at 5.7 and 8.8 false positives (FPs) per image, respectively, with the Bayesian classifier and the leave-one-image-out method. The present study has demonstrated the ability to detect early signs of breast cancer 15 months ahead of the time of clinical diagnosis, on the average, for interval-cancer cases, with a sensitivity of 0.8 at 5.7 FP/image. The presented computer-aided detection techniques, dedicated to accurate detection and localization of architectural distortion, could lead to efficient detection of early and subtle signs of breast cancer at pre-mass-formation stages. Table of Contents: Introduction / Detection of Early Signs of Breast Cancer / Detection and Analysis of Oriented Patterns / Detection of Potential Sites of Architectural Distortion / Experimental Set Up and Datasets / Feature Selection and Pattern Classification / Analysis of Oriented Patterns Related to Architectural Distortion / Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms / Concluding Remarks