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Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2021-06-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789240028173
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2023-11-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789240082410
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 134 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2023-10-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789240078079
This document provides practical guidance on planning and implementing next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology for the characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) bacteria. The aim is to detect mutations associated with drug resistance in the context of a surveillance system for tuberculosis (TB). This guide is intended to inform staff of national TB programmes and ministries of health, implementing partners, laboratory managers and technical staff, clinicians, donors, and other stakeholders engaged in the surveillance of drug-resistant TB and TB laboratory strengthening.
Author : Sebastien Gagneux
Publisher : Springer
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2017-11-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319643717
Until about 10 years ago, the general view in the field was that Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of human tuberculosis was a “clone” with insufficient natural sequence variation between clinical strains to be considered biologically and epidemiologically “relevant”. This view has now changed quite dramatically thanks to the –omics revolution, particularly the advent of next generation DNA sequencing. Large-scale comparative genomic studies over the last few years have revealed that M. tuberculosis clinical strains are more genetically diverse than appreciated previously. Moreover, an increasing number of experimental and epidemiological studies are showing that this genetic diversity also translates into important phenotypic variation. Taken together, these findings have led to a paradigm shift, such that currently phylogenetic diversity among M. tuberculosis clinical strains is being considered in the development of new tools to combat tuberculosis. The purpose of this book is to bring together a series of contributions from some of the most influential groups working on various aspects of M. tuberculosis diversity, and which through their work have contributed to the this paradigm shift. This includes authors focusing on the evolution of M. tuberculosis in relation to other members of the M. tuberculosis complex adapted to animals, the co-evolution between M. tuberculosis and humans, the phenotypic consequences of strains diversity both from an experimental and epidemiological point of view, the ecology and evolution of drug resistant tuberculosis, the diversity and evolution of the BCG vaccine strains, and the use of mathematical modelling to study strain diversity and drug resistance in human tuberculosis. No such book has ever been published, and given the paradigm shift described above, this book will be a valuable resource both for established researchers as well as new scientists, clinicians and public health officials joining the growing field of tuberculosis research.
Author : George P. Kubica,William E. Dye,United States. Public Health Service
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1967
Category : Medical bacteriology
ISBN : UOM:39015000812340
Author : Maria Rosalia Pasca,Yossef Av-Gay,Giorgia Mori
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2021-06-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889668694
Author : Rafael Laniado-Laborín
Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers
Page : 123 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2015-06-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781681080666
This book is a concise, straightforward practical guide to the clinical management of patients having drug resistant tuberculosis infections. It covers every aspect of drug resistant tuberculosis, starting from epidemiology and bacteriology to a description of the latest diagnostic tests and a list of tuberculosis drugs. Readers will find clear guidelines for selection and administration of treatment regimens for the different types of drug resistant infections as well as instructions on follow-up procedures for such cases. The book also includes a series of clinical cases illustrating some of the most frequent problems encountered by doctors while treating drug resistant tuberculosis in a clinical setting. Drug Resistant Tuberculosis: Practical guide for clinical management is a useful handbook for general practitioners and medical students interested in learning about multi drug resistant tuberculosis and pulmonary care of patients having advanced infections.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-11-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782889716159
Author : Prashant Kesharwani
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2020-06-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780128226117
Nanotechnology Based Approaches for Tuberculosis Treatment discusses multiple nanotechnology-based approaches that may help overcome persisting limitations of conventional and traditional treatments. The book summarizes the types of nano drugs, their synthesis, formulation, characterization and applications, along with the most important administration routes. It also explores recent advances and achievements regarding therapeutic efficacy and provides possible future applications in this field. It will be a useful resource for investigators, pharmaceutical researchers, innovators and scientists working on technology advancements in the areas of targeted therapies, nano scale imaging systems, and diagnostic modalities in tuberculosis. Addresses the gap between nanomedicine late discovery and early development of tuberculosis therapeutics Explores tuberculosis nanomedicine standardization and characterization with newly developed treatment, diagnostic and treatment monitoring modalities Covers the field thoroughly, from the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and multi-drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis, to treatment approaches using nanotechnology and different nanocarriers
Author : Suhail Ahmad,Eiman Mokaddas
Publisher : Nova Science Pub Incorporated
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-01-01
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 1628083093
Tuberculosis (TB), causing nine million active disease cases and 1.5 million deaths every year, is a formidable public health challenge, particularly in poor and developing countries around the world. Major reasons for global burden of TB include association of active disease with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection or other underlying immunosuppressive conditions such as diabetes and increasing incidence of drug-resistant, multidrug-resistant (MDR) (resistant at least to rifampicin and isoniazid) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) (additionally resistant to a fluoroquinolone plus kanamycin/amikacin/capreomycin) strains of M. tuberculosis. While treatment of drug-susceptible TB is effective in >95 percent of disease cases, supervised therapy for >6 months is challenging. Inadequate/inappropriate therapy due to inability of poor patients to pay for drugs and non-adherence to treatment (regimen and duration) often results in much lower cure rates and evolution of drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis due to mutations occurring at a predictable rate in genes encoding drug targets. Sequential accumulation of mutations results in evolution of MDR and XDR strains of M. tuberculosis. Today, drug-resistant TB and MDR-TB have become prevalent in many parts of the world and XDR-TB strains are emerging rapidly. While MDR-TB is difficult to treat, XDR-TB is untreatable in most developing countries.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2022-04-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789240047419
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2022-04-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789240048126
Between 2011 and 2019, WHO has developed and issued evidence-based policy recommendations on the treatment and care of patients with DR-TB. These policy recommendations have been presented in several WHO documents and their associated annexes, including the WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment, issued by WHO in March 2019. The policy recommendations in each of these guidelines have been developed by WHO-convened Guideline Development Groups, using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach to summarize the evidence, and formulate policy recommendations and accompanying remarks. The present WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment includes a comprehensive set of WHO recommendations for the treatment and care of DR-TB. The document includes two new recommendations, one on the composition of shorter regimens and one on the use of the BPaL regimen (i.e. bedaquiline, pretomanid and linezolid). In addition, the consolidated guidelines include existing recommendations on treatment regimens for isoniazid-resistant TB and MDR/RR-TB, including longer regimens, culture monitoring of patients on treatment, the timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in MDR/RR-TB patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the use of surgery for patients receiving MDR-TB treatment, and optimal models of patient support and care. The guidelines are to be used primarily in national TB programmes, or their equivalents in Ministries of Health, and for other policy-makers and technical organizations working on TB and infectious diseases in public and private sectors and in the community.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2022-05-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789240046665
Author : Stephen H. Gillespie
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2024-07-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781071639818
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2017-12-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9241565519
WHO's Global Tuberculosis Report provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the TB epidemic and of progress in care and prevention at global, regional and country levels. This is done in the context of recommended global TB strategies and associated targets, and broader development goals. For the period 2016-2035, these are WHO's End TB Strategy and the United Nations' (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which share a common aim: to end the global TB epidemic. The main data sources for the report are annual rounds of global TB data collection implemented by WHO's Global TB Program since 1995 and databases maintained by other WHO departments, UNAIDS and the World Bank. In WHO's 2017 round of global TB data collection, 201 countries and territories that account for over 99% of the world's population and TB cases reported data.