Categorizing Cognition

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Categorizing Cognition

Graeme S. Halford,William H. Wilson,Glenda Andrews,Steven Phillips
Categorizing Cognition Book PDF

Author : Graeme S. Halford,William H. Wilson,Glenda Andrews,Steven Phillips
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2014-12-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780262028073

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Categorizing Cognition by Graeme S. Halford,William H. Wilson,Glenda Andrews,Steven Phillips Pdf

A proposal for a categorization of cognition based on core properties of the constituent processes that integrates theory and empirical findings across domains. All sciences need ways to classify the phenomena they investigate; chemistry has the periodic table and biology a taxonomic system for classifying life forms. These classification schemes depend on conceptual coherence, demonstrated correspondences across paradigms. This conceptual coherence has proved elusive in psychology, although recent advances have brought the field to the point at which it is possible to define the type of classificatory system needed. This book proposes a categorization of cognition based on core properties of constituent processes, recognizing correspondences between cognitive processes with similar underlying structure but different surface properties. These correspondences are verified mathematically and shown not to be merely coincidental. The proposed formulation leads to general principles that transcend domains and paradigms and facilitate the interpretation of empirical findings. It covers human and nonhuman cognition and human cognition in all age ranges. Just as the periodic table classifies elements and not compounds, this system classifies relatively basic versions of cognitive tasks but allows for complexity. The book shows that a more integrated, coherent account of cognition would have many benefits. It would reduce the conceptual fragmentation of psychology; offer defined criteria by which to categorize new empirical results; and lead to fruitful hypotheses for the acquisition of higher cognition.

Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science

Henri Cohen,Claire Lefebvre
Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science Book PDF

Author : Henri Cohen,Claire Lefebvre
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 1277 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780128097663

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Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science by Henri Cohen,Claire Lefebvre Pdf

Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science, Second Edition presents the study of categories and the process of categorization as viewed through the lens of the founding disciplines of the cognitive sciences, and how the study of categorization has long been at the core of each of these disciplines. The literature on categorization reveals there is a plethora of definitions, theories, models and methods to apprehend this central object of study. The contributions in this handbook reflect this diversity. For example, the notion of category is not uniform across these contributions, and there are multiple definitions of the notion of concept. Furthermore, the study of category and categorization is approached differently within each discipline. For some authors, the categories themselves constitute the object of study, whereas for others, it is the process of categorization, and for others still, it is the technical manipulation of large chunks of information. Finally, yet another contrast has to do with the biological versus artificial nature of agents or categorizers. Defines notions of category and categorization Discusses the nature of categories: discrete, vague, or other Explores the modality effects on categories Bridges the category divide - calling attention to the bridges that have already been built, and avenues for further cross-fertilization between disciplines

Cognition and Categorization

Eleanor Rosch,Barbara B. Lloyd
Cognition and Categorization Book PDF

Author : Eleanor Rosch,Barbara B. Lloyd
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2024-03-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781003827528

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Cognition and Categorization by Eleanor Rosch,Barbara B. Lloyd Pdf

Originally published in 1978, the papers in this book derive from a 1976 meeting sponsored by the Social Science Research Council to discuss the nature and principles of category formation. It is organized in three sections: real-world categories, the cognitive processes underlying categorization, and the nature of representation. Part I examines different structural aspects of real-world categories: folk biological taxonomies, within and between category structures for material objects, and some categories in a language that codes the world in a visual–gestural mode. All three chapters in Part I assume category processors who are able to perform at least three cognitive functions: They can judge similarity between stimuli; they can perceive and process the attributes of a stimulus; and they can learn. Part II presents analyses of these three cognitive functions. All discussion of psychological structures and processes lead eventually to the issue of representation, and Part III examines representational assumptions underlying the earlier discussions. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.

The Categorization of Spatial Entities in Language and Cognition

Michel Aurnague,Maya Hickmann,Laure Vieu
The Categorization of Spatial Entities in Language and Cognition Book PDF

Author : Michel Aurnague,Maya Hickmann,Laure Vieu
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2007-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9027223742

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The Categorization of Spatial Entities in Language and Cognition by Michel Aurnague,Maya Hickmann,Laure Vieu Pdf

Despite a growing interest for space in language, most research has focused on spatial markers specifying the static or dynamic relationships among entities (verbs, prepositions, postpositions, case markings ). Little attention has been paid to the very properties of spatial entities, their status in linguistic descriptions, and their implications for spatial cognition and its development in children. This topic is at the center of this book, that opens a new field by sketching some major theoretical and methodological directions for future research on spatial entities. Brought together linguistic descriptions of spatial systems, formal accounts of linguistic data, and experimental findings from psycholinguistic studies, all couched within a wide cross-linguistic perspective. Such an interdisciplinary approach provides a rich overview of the many questions that remain unanswered in relation to spatial entities, while also throwing a new light on previous research focusing on related topics concerning space and/or the relation between language and cognition.

Formal Approaches in Categorization

Emmanuel M. Pothos,Andy J. Wills
Formal Approaches in Categorization Book PDF

Author : Emmanuel M. Pothos,Andy J. Wills
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781139493970

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Formal Approaches in Categorization by Emmanuel M. Pothos,Andy J. Wills Pdf

The process of constructing concepts underpins our capacity to encode information in an efficient and competent manner and also, ultimately, our ability to think in terms of abstract ideas such as justice, love and happiness. But what are the mechanisms which correspond to psychological categorization processes? This book unites many prominent approaches in modelling categorization. Each chapter focuses on a particular formal approach to categorization, presented by the proponent(s) or advocate(s) of that approach, and the authors consider the relation of this approach to other models and the ultimate objectives in their research programmes. The volume evaluates progress that has been made in the field and where it goes from here. This is an essential companion to any scientist interested in the formal description of categorization and, more generally, in formal approaches to cognition. It will be the definitive guide to formal approaches in categorization research for years to come.

Classification and Cognition

William Kaye Estes
Classification and Cognition Book PDF

Author : William Kaye Estes
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780195073355

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Classification and Cognition by William Kaye Estes Pdf

Based on the Fitts Lectures, this volume presents a core set of concepts and principles that proposes a unified interpretation of a wide variety of phenomena of memory, categorization and decision-making. These theories are then applied to issues in category-learning and recognition.

Language, Cognition, and Biblical Exegesis

Ronit Nikolsky,István Czachesz,Frederick S. Tappenden,Tamás Biró
Language Cognition and Biblical Exegesis Book PDF

Author : Ronit Nikolsky,István Czachesz,Frederick S. Tappenden,Tamás Biró
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-13
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781350078123

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Language, Cognition, and Biblical Exegesis by Ronit Nikolsky,István Czachesz,Frederick S. Tappenden,Tamás Biró Pdf

What role do texts play in religious practice? What is the relationship between these texts and cognition? Are some texts more successful because they are better adapted to our cognitive structures? Why is biblical interpretation necessary, and what is the cognitive process behind it? This book considers such questions, and fills the gap in research on religious texts and narratives in the cognitive science of religion. The study of ancient religions and biblical studies are dominated by textual evidence. However, the cognitive science of religion is lacking significant research on the language and textual interpretation of this literature. This book presents a systematic attempt to redefine the interpretation of religious texts in a cognitive framework, providing concrete textual analysis on a broad selection of biblical passages. It explores the ways that cognitive approaches to language and textual interpretation expand the disciplines of the cognitive science of religion and biblical studies. This book brings together methodology from the cognitive sciences, linguistics, philology, biblical studies, and religious studies, to offer a new perspective for biblical studies and cognitive sciences. It presents a renewed vision of textual interpretation - one that aligns hermeneutical reflection with our cognitive capacities.

Grammatical Categories and Cognition

John A. Lucy
Grammatical Categories and Cognition Book PDF

Author : John A. Lucy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1996-04-04
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0521566207

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Grammatical Categories and Cognition by John A. Lucy Pdf

John Lucy uses original, empirical data to examine the Sapir-Whorf linguistic relativity hypothesis: the proposal that the grammar of the particular language that we speak affects the way we think about reality. The author compares the grammar of American English with that of the Yucatec Maya, an indigenous language spoken in Southeastern Mexico, focusing on differences in the number marking patterns of the two languages. He then identifies distinctive patterns of thought relating to these differences by means of a systematic assessment of memory and classification preferences among speakers of both languages.

The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS)

Robert A. Wilson,Frank C. Keil
The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences MITECS Book PDF

Author : Robert A. Wilson,Frank C. Keil
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 1106 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2001-09-04
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0262731444

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The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS) by Robert A. Wilson,Frank C. Keil Pdf

Since the 1970s the cognitive sciences have offered multidisciplinary ways of understanding the mind and cognition. The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS) is a landmark, comprehensive reference work that represents the methodological and theoretical diversity of this changing field. At the core of the encyclopedia are 471 concise entries, from Acquisition and Adaptationism to Wundt and X-bar Theory. Each article, written by a leading researcher in the field, provides an accessible introduction to an important concept in the cognitive sciences, as well as references or further readings. Six extended essays, which collectively serve as a roadmap to the articles, provide overviews of each of six major areas of cognitive science: Philosophy; Psychology; Neurosciences; Computational Intelligence; Linguistics and Language; and Culture, Cognition, and Evolution. For both students and researchers, MITECS will be an indispensable guide to the current state of the cognitive sciences.

Categorization by Humans and Machines

Anonim
Categorization by Humans and Machines Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1993-10-22
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0080863809

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Categorization by Humans and Machines by Anonim Pdf

The objective of the series has always been to provide a forum in which leading contributors to an area can write about significant bodies of research in which they are involved. The operating procedure has been to invite contributions from interesting, active investigators, and then allow them essentially free rein to present their perspectives on important research problems. The result of such invitations over the past two decades has been collections of papers which consist of thoughtful integrations providing an overview of a particular scientific problem. The series has an excellent tradition of high quality papers and is widely read by researchers in cognitive and experimental psychology.

Stratification in Cognition and Consciousness

Bradford H. Challis,Boris M. Velichkovsky
Stratification in Cognition and Consciousness Book PDF

Author : Bradford H. Challis,Boris M. Velichkovsky
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1999-11-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9789027299970

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Stratification in Cognition and Consciousness by Bradford H. Challis,Boris M. Velichkovsky Pdf

The notion of stratification has played an important role in linguistics and evolutionary studies for some time, but its role in cognitive science has not yet been well articulated and identified. What is meant by stratification? What is the role and value of stratification in the contemporary study of cognition and consciousness? This collective volume speaks to these questions. The twelve articles in the book cover a range of relevant issues including (a) the vertical dimension and modularity of visual processing, search and attention, (b) the stratification of encoding and retrieval processes in memory, (c) the hierarchical nature of conscious and unconscious components of memory, and (d) the levels of awareness and varieties of conscious experience. The volume presents stimulating and self-contained articles for researchers and students of experimental psychology and neuroscience, and is suitable for an advanced university course. (Series B)

Language, Memory, and Cognition in Infancy and Early Childhood

Janette B. Benson,Marshall M. Haith
Language Memory and Cognition in Infancy and Early Childhood Book PDF

Author : Janette B. Benson,Marshall M. Haith
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2010-05-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0123785766

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Language, Memory, and Cognition in Infancy and Early Childhood by Janette B. Benson,Marshall M. Haith Pdf

Language, cognition, and memory are traditionally studied together prior to a researcher specializing in any one area. They are studied together initially because much of the development of one can affect the development of the others. Most books available now either tend to be extremely broad in the areas of all infant development including physical and social development, or specialize in cognitive development, language acquisition, or memory. Rarely do you find all three together, despite the fact that they all relate to each other. This volume consists of focused articles from the authoritative Encyclopedia of Infant and Early Childood Development, and specifically targets the ages 0-3. Providing summary overviews of basic and cutting edge research, coverage includes attention, assessment, bilingualism, categorization skills, critical periods, learning disabilities, reasoning, speech development, etc. This collection of articles provides an essential, affordable reference for researchers, graduate students, and clinicians interested in cognitive development, language development, and memory, as well as those developmental psychologists interested in all aspects of development. Focused content on age 0-3- saves time searching for and wading through lit on full age range for developmentally relevant info Concise, understandable, and authoritative—easier to comprehend for immediate applicability in research

Categorization in Social Psychology

Craig McGarty
Categorization in Social Psychology Book PDF

Author : Craig McGarty
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1999-09-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781848608955

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Categorization in Social Psychology by Craig McGarty Pdf

Categorization in Social Psychology offers a major introduction to the study of categorization, looking especially at links between categorization in cognitive and social psychology. In a highly readable and accessible style, the author covers all the main approaches to categorization in social psychology that a student might come across, including: biased stimulus processing, construct actviation, self-categorization, explanation-based, social judgeability and assimilation/contrast approaches. It is a wide-ranging and up-to-date treatment of concepts from cognitive as well as social psychology.

Gendered Situations, Gendered Selves

Judith A. Howard,Jocelyn A. Hollander
Gendered Situations Gendered Selves Book PDF

Author : Judith A. Howard,Jocelyn A. Hollander
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0803956045

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Gendered Situations, Gendered Selves by Judith A. Howard,Jocelyn A. Hollander Pdf

Social psychologists have often assumed that situations and behavior are gender neutral, yet assumptions about gender have affected the questions they have posed as well as the answers they have provided. Gendered situations, gendered selves is the second volume in the new Gender lens series--a groundbreaking series that looks at the complex and fascinating role of gender within our social world. Authors Judith A. Howard and Jocelyn A. Hollander explore the ways in which social psychology has simultaneously ignored and been deeply influenced by gender--carefully noting that gender differences are not the same as sex differences. Also discussed are the approaches to gender in social psychology research; how social psychology theories have been shaped by assumptions about gender, race, class, and sexuality; and the way gender influences identity and interaction. The mission of the Gender lens series is to unpack the assumptions about gender that pervade social life, and to examine the centrality of the assumptions about the way we perceive and interpret our world. Gendered situations, gender selves is an ideal introduction to the discussion of gender in social psychology, and will be useful in sociology and gender studies courses.

Category Specificity in Brain and Mind

Emer Forde,Glyn Humphreys
Category Specificity in Brain and Mind Book PDF

Author : Emer Forde,Glyn Humphreys
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2005-07-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135426255

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Category Specificity in Brain and Mind by Emer Forde,Glyn Humphreys Pdf

This book aims to provide converging evidence as to how knowledge about different categories is represented in the brain, and how this knowledge develops.