Causal Models

Causal Models Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Causal Models book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.

Causal Models

Steven Sloman
Causal Models Book PDF

Author : Steven Sloman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2005-07-28
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780198040378

Get Book

Causal Models by Steven Sloman Pdf

Human beings are active agents who can think. To understand how thought serves action requires understanding how people conceive of the relation between cause and effect, between action and outcome. In cognitive terms, how do people construct and reason with the causal models we use to represent our world? A revolution is occurring in how statisticians, philosophers, and computer scientists answer this question. Those fields have ushered in new insights about causal models by thinking about how to represent causal structure mathematically, in a framework that uses graphs and probability theory to develop what are called causal Bayesian networks. The framework starts with the idea that the purpose of causal structure is to understand and predict the effects of intervention. How does intervening on one thing affect other things? This is not a question merely about probability (or logic), but about action. The framework offers a new understanding of mind: Thought is about the effects of intervention and cognition is thus intimately tied to actions that take place either in the actual physical world or in imagination, in counterfactual worlds. The book offers a conceptual introduction to the key mathematical ideas, presenting them in a non-technical way, focusing on the intuitions rather than the theorems. It tries to show why the ideas are important to understanding how people explain things and why thinking not only about the world as it is but the world as it could be is so central to human action. The book reviews the role of causality, causal models, and intervention in the basic human cognitive functions: decision making, reasoning, judgment, categorization, inductive inference, language, and learning. In short, the book offers a discussion about how people think, talk, learn, and explain things in causal terms, in terms of action and manipulation.

Causality

Judea Pearl
Causality Book PDF

Author : Judea Pearl
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2009-09-14
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780521895606

Get Book

Causality by Judea Pearl Pdf

Causality offers the first comprehensive coverage of causal analysis in many sciences, including recent advances using graphical methods. Pearl presents a unified account of the probabilistic, manipulative, counterfactual and structural approaches to causation, and devises simple mathematical tools for analyzing the relationships between causal connections, statistical associations, actions and observations. The book will open the way for including causal analysis in the standard curriculum of statistics, artificial intelligence ...

Causality and Causal Modelling in the Social Sciences

Federica Russo
Causality and Causal Modelling in the Social Sciences Book PDF

Author : Federica Russo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2008-09-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781402088179

Get Book

Causality and Causal Modelling in the Social Sciences by Federica Russo Pdf

This investigation into causal modelling presents the rationale of causality, i.e. the notion that guides causal reasoning in causal modelling. It is argued that causal models are regimented by a rationale of variation, nor of regularity neither invariance, thus breaking down the dominant Human paradigm. The notion of variation is shown to be embedded in the scheme of reasoning behind various causal models. It is also shown to be latent – yet fundamental – in many philosophical accounts. Moreover, it has significant consequences for methodological issues: the warranty of the causal interpretation of causal models, the levels of causation, the characterisation of mechanisms, and the interpretation of probability. This book offers a novel philosophical and methodological approach to causal reasoning in causal modelling and provides the reader with the tools to be up to date about various issues causality rises in social science.

Elements of Causal Inference

Jonas Peters,Dominik Janzing,Bernhard Scholkopf
Elements of Causal Inference Book PDF

Author : Jonas Peters,Dominik Janzing,Bernhard Scholkopf
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262037310

Get Book

Elements of Causal Inference by Jonas Peters,Dominik Janzing,Bernhard Scholkopf Pdf

A concise and self-contained introduction to causal inference, increasingly important in data science and machine learning. The mathematization of causality is a relatively recent development, and has become increasingly important in data science and machine learning. This book offers a self-contained and concise introduction to causal models and how to learn them from data. After explaining the need for causal models and discussing some of the principles underlying causal inference, the book teaches readers how to use causal models: how to compute intervention distributions, how to infer causal models from observational and interventional data, and how causal ideas could be exploited for classical machine learning problems. All of these topics are discussed first in terms of two variables and then in the more general multivariate case. The bivariate case turns out to be a particularly hard problem for causal learning because there are no conditional independences as used by classical methods for solving multivariate cases. The authors consider analyzing statistical asymmetries between cause and effect to be highly instructive, and they report on their decade of intensive research into this problem. The book is accessible to readers with a background in machine learning or statistics, and can be used in graduate courses or as a reference for researchers. The text includes code snippets that can be copied and pasted, exercises, and an appendix with a summary of the most important technical concepts.

Causal Models in the Social Sciences

H. M. Blalock, Jr.
Causal Models in the Social Sciences Book PDF

Author : H. M. Blalock, Jr.
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2011-12-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780202364582

Get Book

Causal Models in the Social Sciences by H. M. Blalock, Jr. Pdf

Causal models are formal theories stating the relationships between precisely defined variables, and have become an indispensable tool of the social scientist. This collection of articles is a course book on the causal modeling approach to theory construction and data analysis. H. M. Blalock, Jr. summarizes the then-current developments in causal model utilization in sociology, political science, economics, and other disciplines. This book provides a comprehensive multidisciplinary picture of the work on causal models. It seeks to address the problem of measurement in the social sciences and to link theory and research through the development of causal models. Organized into five sections (Simple Recursive Models, Path Analysis, Simultaneous Equations Techniques, The Causal Approach to Measurement Error, and Other Complications), this volume contains twenty-seven articles (eight of which were specially commissioned). Each section begins with an introduction explaining the concepts to be covered in the section and links them to the larger subject. It provides a general overview of the theory and application of causal modeling. Blalock argues for the development of theoretical models that can be operationalized and provide verifiable predictions. Many of the discussions of this subject that occur in other literature are too technical for most social scientists and other scholars who lack a strong background in mathematics. This book attempts to integrate a few of the less technical papers written by econometricians such as Koopmans, Wold, Strotz, and Fisher with discussions of causal approaches in the social and biological sciences. This classic text by Blalock is a valuable source of material for those interested in the issue of measurement in the social sciences and the construction of mathematical models.

Handbook of Causal Analysis for Social Research

Stephen L. Morgan
Handbook of Causal Analysis for Social Research Book PDF

Author : Stephen L. Morgan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 423 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789400760943

Get Book

Handbook of Causal Analysis for Social Research by Stephen L. Morgan Pdf

What constitutes a causal explanation, and must an explanation be causal? What warrants a causal inference, as opposed to a descriptive regularity? What techniques are available to detect when causal effects are present, and when can these techniques be used to identify the relative importance of these effects? What complications do the interactions of individuals create for these techniques? When can mixed methods of analysis be used to deepen causal accounts? Must causal claims include generative mechanisms, and how effective are empirical methods designed to discover them? The Handbook of Causal Analysis for Social Research tackles these questions with nineteen chapters from leading scholars in sociology, statistics, public health, computer science, and human development.

Causal Inference

Miquel A. Hernan,James M. Robins
Causal Inference Book PDF

Author : Miquel A. Hernan,James M. Robins
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1420076167

Get Book

Causal Inference by Miquel A. Hernan,James M. Robins Pdf

The application of causal inference methods is growing exponentially in fields that deal with observational data. Written by pioneers in the field, this practical book presents an authoritative yet accessible overview of the methods and applications of causal inference. With a wide range of detailed, worked examples using real epidemiologic data as well as software for replicating the analyses, the text provides a thorough introduction to the basics of the theory for non-time-varying treatments and the generalization to complex longitudinal data.

Inference and Intervention

Michael D. Ryall,Aaron Bramson
Inference and Intervention Book PDF

Author : Michael D. Ryall,Aaron Bramson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-08-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135127725

Get Book

Inference and Intervention by Michael D. Ryall,Aaron Bramson Pdf

Ryall and Bramson's Inference and Intervention is the first textbook on causal modeling with Bayesian networks for business applications. In a world of resource scarcity, a decision about which business elements to control or change – as the authors put it, a managerial intervention – must precede any decision on how to control or change them, and understanding causality is crucial to making effective interventions. The authors cover the full spectrum of causal modeling techniques useful for the managerial role, whether for intervention, situational assessment, strategic decision-making, or forecasting. From the basic concepts and nomenclature of causal modeling to decision tree analysis, qualitative methods, and quantitative modeling tools, this book offers a toolbox for MBA students and business professionals to make successful decisions in a managerial setting.

Linear Causal Modeling with Structural Equations

Stanley A. Mulaik
Linear Causal Modeling with Structural Equations Book PDF

Author : Stanley A. Mulaik
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06-16
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781439800393

Get Book

Linear Causal Modeling with Structural Equations by Stanley A. Mulaik Pdf

Emphasizing causation as a functional relationship between variables, this book provides comprehensive coverage on the basics of SEM. It takes readers through the process of identifying, estimating, analyzing, and evaluating a range of models. The author discusses the history and philosophy of causality and its place in science and presents graph theory as a tool for the design and analysis of causal models. He explains how the algorithms in SEM are derived and how they work, covers various indices and tests for evaluating the fit of structural equation models to data, and explores recent research in graph theory, path tracing rules, and model evaluation.

Statistical Models and Causal Inference

David A. Freedman
Statistical Models and Causal Inference Book PDF

Author : David A. Freedman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780521195003

Get Book

Statistical Models and Causal Inference by David A. Freedman Pdf

David A. Freedman presents a definitive synthesis of his approach to statistical modeling and causal inference in the social sciences.

Causal Models in the Social Sciences

Jr. Blalock
Causal Models in the Social Sciences Book PDF

Author : Jr. Blalock
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-07-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351529785

Get Book

Causal Models in the Social Sciences by Jr. Blalock Pdf

Causal models are formal theories stating the relationships between precisely defined variables, and have become an indispensable tool of the social scientist. This collection of articles is a course book on the causal modeling approach to theory construction and data analysis. H. M. Blalock, Jr. summarizes the then-current developments in causal model utilization in sociology, political science, economics, and other disciplines. This book provides a comprehensive multidisciplinary picture of the work on causal models. It seeks to address the problem of measurement in the social sciences and to link theory and research through the development of causal models.Organized into five sections (Simple Recursive Models, Path Analysis, Simultaneous Equations Techniques, The Causal Approach to Measurement Error, and Other Complications), this volume contains twenty-seven articles (eight of which were specially commissioned). Each section begins with an introduction explaining the concepts to be covered in the section and links them to the larger subject. It provides a general overview of the theory and application of causal modeling.Blalock argues for the development of theoretical models that can be operationalized and provide verifiable predictions. Many of the discussions of this subject that occur in other literature are too technical for most social scientists and other scholars who lack a strong background in mathematics. This book attempts to integrate a few of the less technical papers written by econometricians such as Koopmans, Wold, Strotz, and Fisher with discussions of causal approaches in the social and biological sciences. This classic text by Blalock is a valuable source of material for those interested in the issue of measurement in the social sciences and the construction of mathematical models.

Causal Models in Experimental Designs

H. M. Blalock
Causal Models in Experimental Designs Book PDF

Author : H. M. Blalock
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351529815

Get Book

Causal Models in Experimental Designs by H. M. Blalock Pdf

This is a companion volume to Causal Models in the Social Sciences, the majority of articles concern panel designs involving repeated measurements while a smaller cluster involve discussions of how experimental designs may be improved by more explicit attention to causal models. All of the papers are concerned with complications that may occur in actual research designs- as compared with idealized ones that often become the basis of textbook discussions of design issues.

Statistical Models for Causal Analysis

Robert D. Retherford,Minja Kim Choe
Statistical Models for Causal Analysis Book PDF

Author : Robert D. Retherford,Minja Kim Choe
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2011-02-01
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781118031346

Get Book

Statistical Models for Causal Analysis by Robert D. Retherford,Minja Kim Choe Pdf

Simplifies the treatment of statistical inference focusing on how to specify and interpret models in the context of testing causal theories. Simple bivariate regression, multiple regression, multiple classification analysis, path analysis, logit regression, multinomial logit regression and survival models are among the subjects covered. Features an appendix of computer programs (for major statistical packages) that are used to generate illustrative examples contained in the chapters.

The Book of Why

Judea Pearl,Dana Mackenzie
The Book of Why Book PDF

Author : Judea Pearl,Dana Mackenzie
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780465097616

Get Book

The Book of Why by Judea Pearl,Dana Mackenzie Pdf

A Turing Award-winning computer scientist and statistician shows how understanding causality has revolutionized science and will revolutionize artificial intelligence "Correlation is not causation." This mantra, chanted by scientists for more than a century, has led to a virtual prohibition on causal talk. Today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, instigated by Judea Pearl and his colleagues, has cut through a century of confusion and established causality -- the study of cause and effect -- on a firm scientific basis. His work explains how we can know easy things, like whether it was rain or a sprinkler that made a sidewalk wet; and how to answer hard questions, like whether a drug cured an illness. Pearl's work enables us to know not just whether one thing causes another: it lets us explore the world that is and the worlds that could have been. It shows us the essence of human thought and key to artificial intelligence. Anyone who wants to understand either needs The Book of Why.

Causal Models

Steven Sloman,Steven A. Sloman
Causal Models Book PDF

Author : Steven Sloman,Steven A. Sloman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2009-04-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780195394290

Get Book

Causal Models by Steven Sloman,Steven A. Sloman Pdf

In short, this book offers a discussion about how people think, talk, learn, and explain things in causal terms - in terms of action and manipulation."--Jacket.