Causality In A Social World

Author : Guanglei Hong
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015-06-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781119030607

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Causality in a Social World by Guanglei Hong Pdf

Causality in a Social World introduces innovative new statistical research and strategies for investigating moderated intervention effects, mediated intervention effects, and spill-over effects using experimental or quasi-experimental data. The book uses potential outcomes to define causal effects, explains and evaluates identification assumptions using application examples, and compares innovative statistical strategies with conventional analysis methods. Whilst highlighting the crucial role of good research design and the evaluation of assumptions required for identifying causal effects in the context of each application, the author demonstrates that improved statistical procedures will greatly enhance the empirical study of causal relationship theory. Applications focus on interventions designed to improve outcomes for participants who are embedded in social settings, including families, classrooms, schools, neighbourhoods, and workplaces.

Author : Hong
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2015-03-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1119030625

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Causality in a Social World by Hong Pdf

Author : Guanglei Hong
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-12
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781119030645

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Causality in a Social World by Guanglei Hong Pdf

Causality in a Social World introduces innovative new statistical research and strategies for investigating moderated intervention effects, mediated intervention effects, and spill-over effects using experimental or quasi-experimental data. The book uses potential outcomes to define causal effects, explains and evaluates identification assumptions using application examples, and compares innovative statistical strategies with conventional analysis methods. Whilst highlighting the crucial role of good research design and the evaluation of assumptions required for identifying causal effects in the context of each application, the author demonstrates that improved statistical procedures will greatly enhance the empirical study of causal relationship theory. Applications focus on interventions designed to improve outcomes for participants who are embedded in social settings, including families, classrooms, schools, neighbourhoods, and workplaces.

Author : Jerald Hage,Barbara Foley Meeker
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 219 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1988-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 004312030X

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Social Causality by Jerald Hage,Barbara Foley Meeker Pdf

Author : Dave Elder-Vass
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2010-06-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781139488198

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The Causal Power of Social Structures by Dave Elder-Vass Pdf

The problem of structure and agency has been the subject of intense debate in the social sciences for over 100 years. This book offers a solution. Using a critical realist version of the theory of emergence, Dave Elder-Vass argues that, instead of ascribing causal significance to an abstract notion of social structure or a monolithic concept of society, we must recognise that it is specific groups of people that have social structural power. Some of these groups are entities with emergent causal powers, distinct from those of human individuals. Yet these powers also depend on the contributions of human individuals, and this book examines the mechanisms through which interactions between human individuals generate the causal powers of some types of social structures. The Causal Power of Social Structures makes particularly important contributions to the theory of human agency and to our understanding of normative institutions.

Author : Judea Pearl,Dana Mackenzie
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780465097616

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The Book of Why by Judea Pearl,Dana Mackenzie Pdf

A Turing Award-winning computer scientist and statistician shows how understanding causality has revolutionized science and will revolutionize artificial intelligence "Correlation is not causation." This mantra, chanted by scientists for more than a century, has led to a virtual prohibition on causal talk. Today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, instigated by Judea Pearl and his colleagues, has cut through a century of confusion and established causality -- the study of cause and effect -- on a firm scientific basis. His work explains how we can know easy things, like whether it was rain or a sprinkler that made a sidewalk wet; and how to answer hard questions, like whether a drug cured an illness. Pearl's work enables us to know not just whether one thing causes another: it lets us explore the world that is and the worlds that could have been. It shows us the essence of human thought and key to artificial intelligence. Anyone who wants to understand either needs The Book of Why.

Author : Scott Cunningham
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 585 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780300251685

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Causal Inference by Scott Cunningham Pdf

An accessible, contemporary introduction to the methods for determining cause and effect in the social sciences "Causation versus correlation has been the basis of arguments--economic and otherwise--since the beginning of time. Causal Inference: The Mixtape uses legit real-world examples that I found genuinely thought-provoking. It's rare that a book prompts readers to expand their outlook; this one did for me."--Marvin Young (Young MC) Causal inference encompasses the tools that allow social scientists to determine what causes what. In a messy world, causal inference is what helps establish the causes and effects of the actions being studied--for example, the impact (or lack thereof) of increases in the minimum wage on employment, the effects of early childhood education on incarceration later in life, or the influence on economic growth of introducing malaria nets in developing regions. Scott Cunningham introduces students and practitioners to the methods necessary to arrive at meaningful answers to the questions of causation, using a range of modeling techniques and coding instructions for both the R and the Stata programming languages.

Author : Giorgos Tsiolis,Michalis Christodoulou
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000260731

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Social Causation and Biographical Research by Giorgos Tsiolis,Michalis Christodoulou Pdf

This book extends debates in the field of biographical research, arguing that causal explanations are not at odds with biographical research and that biographical research is in fact a valuable tool for explaining why things in social and personal lives are one way and not another. Bringing reconstructive biographical research into dialogue with critical realism, it explains how and why relational social ontology can become a unique theoretical ground for tapping emergent mechanisms and latent meaning structures. Through an account of the reasons for which reductionist epistemologies, rational action models and covering law explanations are not appropriate for biographical research, the authors develop the philosophical idea of singular causation as a means by which biographical researchers are able to forge causal hypotheses for the occurrence of events and offer guidance on the application of this methodological principle to concrete, empirical examples. As such, this volume will appeal to scholars across the social sciences with interests in biographical research and social research methods.

Author : Robert Morrison MacIver
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1942
Category : Social Science
ISBN : UOM:39015028052234

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Social Causation by Robert Morrison MacIver Pdf

Author : Joseph Y. Halpern
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2019-02-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262537131

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Actual Causality by Joseph Y. Halpern Pdf

A new approach for defining causality and such related notions as degree of responsibility, degrees of blame, and causal explanation. Causality plays a central role in the way people structure the world; we constantly seek causal explanations for our observations. But what does it even mean that an event C “actually caused” event E? The problem of defining actual causation goes beyond mere philosophical speculation. For example, in many legal arguments, it is precisely what needs to be established in order to determine responsibility. The philosophy literature has been struggling with the problem of defining causality since Hume. In this book, Joseph Halpern explores actual causality, and such related notions as degree of responsibility, degree of blame, and causal explanation. The goal is to arrive at a definition of causality that matches our natural language usage and is helpful, for example, to a jury deciding a legal case, a programmer looking for the line of code that cause some software to fail, or an economist trying to determine whether austerity caused a subsequent depression. Halpern applies and expands an approach to causality that he and Judea Pearl developed, based on structural equations. He carefully formulates a definition of causality, and building on this, defines degree of responsibility, degree of blame, and causal explanation. He concludes by discussing how these ideas can be applied to such practical problems as accountability and program verification. Technical details are generally confined to the final section of each chapter and can be skipped by non-mathematical readers.

Author : Samantha Kleinberg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-26
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781108476676

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Time and Causality Across the Sciences by Samantha Kleinberg Pdf

Explores the critical role time plays in our understanding of causality, across psychology, biology, physics and the social sciences.

Author : Nick Huntington-Klein
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 646 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000509144

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The Effect by Nick Huntington-Klein Pdf

Extensive code examples in R, Stata, and Python Chapters on overlooked topics in econometrics classes: heterogeneous treatment effects, simulation and power analysis, new cutting-edge methods, and uncomfortable ignored assumptions An easy-to-read conversational tone Up-to-date coverage of methods with fast-moving literatures like difference-in-differences

Author : Miquel A. Hernan,James M. Robins
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1420076167

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Causal Inference by Miquel A. Hernan,James M. Robins Pdf

The application of causal inference methods is growing exponentially in fields that deal with observational data. Written by pioneers in the field, this practical book presents an authoritative yet accessible overview of the methods and applications of causal inference. With a wide range of detailed, worked examples using real epidemiologic data as well as software for replicating the analyses, the text provides a thorough introduction to the basics of the theory for non-time-varying treatments and the generalization to complex longitudinal data.

Author : Judea Pearl
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2009-09-14
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780521895606

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Causality by Judea Pearl Pdf

Causality offers the first comprehensive coverage of causal analysis in many sciences, including recent advances using graphical methods. Pearl presents a unified account of the probabilistic, manipulative, counterfactual and structural approaches to causation, and devises simple mathematical tools for analyzing the relationships between causal connections, statistical associations, actions and observations. The book will open the way for including causal analysis in the standard curriculum of statistics, artificial intelligence ...

Author : Helen Beebee,Christopher Hitchcock,Peter Menzies
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 816 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2012-01-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191629464

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The Oxford Handbook of Causation by Helen Beebee,Christopher Hitchcock,Peter Menzies Pdf

Causation is a central topic in many areas of philosophy. In metaphysics, philosophers want to know what causation is, and how it is related to laws of nature, probability, action, and freedom of the will. In epistemology, philosophers investigate how causal claims can be inferred from statistical data, and how causation is related to perception, knowledge and explanation. In the philosophy of mind, philosophers want to know whether and how the mind can be said to have causal efficacy, and in ethics, whether there is a moral distinction between acts and omissions and whether the moral value of an act can be judged according to its consequences. And causation is a contested concept in other fields of enquiry, such as biology, physics, and the law. This book provides an in-depth and comprehensive overview of these and other topics, as well as the history of the causation debate from the ancient Greeks to the logical empiricists. The chapters provide surveys of contemporary debates, while often also advancing novel and controversial claims; and each includes a comprehensive bibliography and suggestions for further reading. The book is thus the most comprehensive source of information about causation currently available, and will be invaluable for upper-level undergraduates through to professional philosophers.