Causality Probability And Medicine

Author : Donald Gillies
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317564287

Get Book

Causality, Probability, and Medicine by Donald Gillies Pdf

Why is understanding causation so important in philosophy and the sciences? Should causation be defined in terms of probability? Whilst causation plays a major role in theories and concepts of medicine, little attempt has been made to connect causation and probability with medicine itself. Causality, Probability, and Medicine is one of the first books to apply philosophical reasoning about causality to important topics and debates in medicine. Donald Gillies provides a thorough introduction to and assessment of competing theories of causality in philosophy, including action-related theories, causality and mechanisms, and causality and probability. Throughout the book he applies them to important discoveries and theories within medicine, such as germ theory; tuberculosis and cholera; smoking and heart disease; the first ever randomized controlled trial designed to test the treatment of tuberculosis; the growing area of philosophy of evidence-based medicine; and philosophy of epidemiology. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers in philosophy of science and philosophy of medicine, as well as those working in medicine, nursing and related health disciplines where a working knowledge of causality and probability is required.

Author : Rani Lill Anjum,Samantha Copeland,Elena Rocca
Publisher : Springer
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 3030412385

Get Book

Rethinking Causality, Complexity and Evidence for the Unique Patient by Rani Lill Anjum,Samantha Copeland,Elena Rocca Pdf

This open access book is a unique resource for health professionals who are interested in understanding the philosophical foundations of their daily practice. It provides tools for untangling the motivations and rationality behind the way medicine and healthcare is studied, evaluated and practiced. In particular, it illustrates the impact that thinking about causation, complexity and evidence has on the clinical encounter. The book shows how medicine is grounded in philosophical assumptions that could at least be challenged. By engaging with ideas that have shaped the medical profession, clinicians are empowered to actively take part in setting the premises for their own practice and knowledge development. Written in an engaging and accessible style, with contributions from experienced clinicians, this book presents a new philosophical framework that takes causal complexity, individual variation and medical uniqueness as default expectations for health and illness.

Author : Rani Lill Anjum,Samantha Copeland,Elena Rocca
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030412395

Get Book

Rethinking Causality, Complexity and Evidence for the Unique Patient by Rani Lill Anjum,Samantha Copeland,Elena Rocca Pdf

This open access book is a unique resource for health professionals who are interested in understanding the philosophical foundations of their daily practice. It provides tools for untangling the motivations and rationality behind the way medicine and healthcare is studied, evaluated and practiced. In particular, it illustrates the impact that thinking about causation, complexity and evidence has on the clinical encounter. The book shows how medicine is grounded in philosophical assumptions that could at least be challenged. By engaging with ideas that have shaped the medical profession, clinicians are empowered to actively take part in setting the premises for their own practice and knowledge development. Written in an engaging and accessible style, with contributions from experienced clinicians, this book presents a new philosophical framework that takes causal complexity, individual variation and medical uniqueness as default expectations for health and illness.

Author : Hua He,Pan Wu,Ding-Geng (Din) Chen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2016-10-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319412597

Get Book

Statistical Causal Inferences and Their Applications in Public Health Research by Hua He,Pan Wu,Ding-Geng (Din) Chen Pdf

This book compiles and presents new developments in statistical causal inference. The accompanying data and computer programs are publicly available so readers may replicate the model development and data analysis presented in each chapter. In this way, methodology is taught so that readers may implement it directly. The book brings together experts engaged in causal inference research to present and discuss recent issues in causal inference methodological development. This is also a timely look at causal inference applied to scenarios that range from clinical trials to mediation and public health research more broadly. In an academic setting, this book will serve as a reference and guide to a course in causal inference at the graduate level (Master's or Doctorate). It is particularly relevant for students pursuing degrees in statistics, biostatistics, and computational biology. Researchers and data analysts in public health and biomedical research will also find this book to be an important reference.

Author : Judea Pearl,Madelyn Glymour,Nicholas P. Jewell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2016-02-03
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781119186854

Get Book

Causal Inference in Statistics by Judea Pearl,Madelyn Glymour,Nicholas P. Jewell Pdf

Many of the concepts and terminology surrounding modern causal inference can be quite intimidating to the novice. Judea Pearl presents a book ideal for beginners in statistics, providing a comprehensive introduction to the field of causality. Examples from classical statistics are presented throughout to demonstrate the need for causality in resolving decision-making dilemmas posed by data. Causal methods are also compared to traditional statistical methods, whilst questions are provided at the end of each section to aid student learning.

Author : Lemuel A. Moye
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781475732924

Get Book

Statistical Reasoning in Medicine by Lemuel A. Moye Pdf

Employing a conversational format and consciously de-emphasizing computational devices, this text focuses instead on the features of experimental design that either clarify or blur p value interpretation, so as to make statistical reasoning accessible to the uninitiated. Through careful, deliberate thought this book provides the non-mathematician with a foundation for understanding the underlying statistical reasoning process in clinical research. It recognizes the inevitable tension between the mathematics of hypothesis testing and the ethical requirements in medical research and concentrates on resolving these issues in p value interpretation.

Author : Mikel Aickin
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2001-11-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781482275773

Get Book

Causal Analysis in Biomedicine and Epidemiology by Mikel Aickin Pdf

"Provides current models, tools, and examples for the formulation and evaluation of scientific hypotheses in causal terms. Introduces a new method of model parametritization. Illustrates structural equations and graphical elements for complex causal systems."

Author : Miquel A. Hernan,James M. Robins
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1420076167

Get Book

Causal Inference by Miquel A. Hernan,James M. Robins Pdf

The application of causal inference methods is growing exponentially in fields that deal with observational data. Written by pioneers in the field, this practical book presents an authoritative yet accessible overview of the methods and applications of causal inference. With a wide range of detailed, worked examples using real epidemiologic data as well as software for replicating the analyses, the text provides a thorough introduction to the basics of the theory for non-time-varying treatments and the generalization to complex longitudinal data.

Author : Paul Humphreys
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0691020868

Get Book

The Chances of Explanation by Paul Humphreys Pdf

This book provides a post-positivist theory of deterministic and probabilistic causality that supports both quantitative and qualitative explanations. Features of particular interest include the ability to provide true explanations in contexts where our knowledge is incomplete, a systematic interpretation of causal modeling techniques in the social sciences, and a direct realist view of causal relations that is compatible with a liberal empiricism. The book should be of wide interest to both philosophers and scientists. Originally published in 1992. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Author : Paul R. Rosenbaum
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2017-08-14
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780674983243

Get Book

Observation and Experiment by Paul R. Rosenbaum Pdf

In the face of conflicting claims about some treatments, behaviors, and policies, the question arises: What is the most scientifically rigorous way to draw conclusions about cause and effect in the study of humans? In this introduction to causal inference, Paul Rosenbaum explains key concepts and methods through real-world examples.

Author : Samantha Kleinberg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781107026483

Get Book

Causality, Probability, and Time by Samantha Kleinberg Pdf

Presents a new approach to causal inference and explanation, addressing both the timing and complexity of relationships.

Author : Mark Elwood
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 615 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2007-02-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780191004940

Get Book

Critical Appraisal of Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials by Mark Elwood Pdf

This book presents a logical system of critical appraisal, to allow readers to evaluate studies and to carry out their own studies more effectively. This system emphasizes the central importance of cause and effect relationships. Its great strength is that it is applicable to a wide range of issues, and both to intervention trials and observational studies. This system unifies the often different approaches used in epidemiology, health services research, clinical trials, and evidence-based medicine, starting from a logical consideration of cause and effect. The author's approach to the issues of study design, selection of subjects, bias, confounding, and the place of statistical methods has been praised for its clarity and interest. Systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and the applications of this logic to evidence-based medicine, knowledge-based health care, and health practice and policy are discussed. Current and often controversial examples are used, including screening for prostate cancer, publication bias in psychiatry, public health issues in developing countries, and conflicts between observational studies and randomized trials. Statistical issues are explained clearly without complex mathematics, and the most useful methods are summarized in the appendix. The final chapters give six applications of the critical appraisal of major studies: randomized trials of medical treatment and prevention, a prospective and a retrospective cohort study, a small matched case-control study, and a large case-control study. In these chapters, sections of the original papers are reproduced and the original studies placed in context by a summary of current developments.

Author : L.Y Nordenfelt,B.I.B Lindahl
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789400962835

Get Book

Health, Disease, and Causal Explanations in Medicine by L.Y Nordenfelt,B.I.B Lindahl Pdf

On May 13-15, 1982, some 50 scientists and scholars - physicians, philos ophers and social scientists - convened at Hasselby Castle in Stockholm for the first Nordic Symposium on the Philosophy of Medicine. The topics for the symposium included (1) the concepts of health and disease, (2) classification in medicine, and (3) causality and causal explanations in medicine. The majority of the participants were Scandinavian but the symposium was also able to welcome four distinguished guests from other parts of the world, Professors Stuart F. Spicker and H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., U.S.A., Dr Anne M. Fagot, France, and Dr Werner Morbach, West Germany. The latter represented Professor Kazem Sadegh-zadeh, who unfortunately was prevented from attending. One of the main purposes of this symposium was to bring together people in Scandinavia who at present work within the field of Philosophy of Medi cine. This group is still relatively small but is growing rapidly, and the scholarly activity has recently been notable. This fact is clearly demonstrated by the presentation of 'Philosophy of Medicine in Scandinavia' in the Appendix of this volume.

Author : Carlo Berzuini,Philip Dawid,Luisa Bernardinell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-06-04
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781119941736

Get Book

Causality by Carlo Berzuini,Philip Dawid,Luisa Bernardinell Pdf

A state of the art volume on statistical causality Causality: Statistical Perspectives and Applications presents a wide-ranging collection of seminal contributions by renowned experts in the field, providing a thorough treatment of all aspects of statistical causality. It covers the various formalisms in current use, methods for applying them to specific problems, and the special requirements of a range of examples from medicine, biology and economics to political science. This book: Provides a clear account and comparison of formal languages, concepts and models for statistical causality. Addresses examples from medicine, biology, economics and political science to aid the reader's understanding. Is authored by leading experts in their field. Is written in an accessible style. Postgraduates, professional statisticians and researchers in academia and industry will benefit from this book.

Author : K. J. Rothman
Publisher : Kenneth Rothman
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Causation
ISBN : 0917227034

Get Book

Causal inference by K. J. Rothman Pdf