Cause Effect

Author : Judea Pearl,Dana Mackenzie
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780465097616

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The Book of Why by Judea Pearl,Dana Mackenzie Pdf

A Turing Award-winning computer scientist and statistician shows how understanding causality has revolutionized science and will revolutionize artificial intelligence "Correlation is not causation." This mantra, chanted by scientists for more than a century, has led to a virtual prohibition on causal talk. Today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, instigated by Judea Pearl and his colleagues, has cut through a century of confusion and established causality -- the study of cause and effect -- on a firm scientific basis. His work explains how we can know easy things, like whether it was rain or a sprinkler that made a sidewalk wet; and how to answer hard questions, like whether a drug cured an illness. Pearl's work enables us to know not just whether one thing causes another: it lets us explore the world that is and the worlds that could have been. It shows us the essence of human thought and key to artificial intelligence. Anyone who wants to understand either needs The Book of Why.

Author : Sven Ehmann,Stephan Bohle,Robert Klanten
Publisher : Die Gestalten Verlag-DGV
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Design
ISBN : 3899554434

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Cause and Effect by Sven Ehmann,Stephan Bohle,Robert Klanten Pdf

This book reveals the new visual language of sustainability.

Author : Isabelle Guyon,Alexander Statnikov,Berna Bakir Batu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2019-10-22
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030218102

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Cause Effect Pairs in Machine Learning by Isabelle Guyon,Alexander Statnikov,Berna Bakir Batu Pdf

This book presents ground-breaking advances in the domain of causal structure learning. The problem of distinguishing cause from effect (“Does altitude cause a change in atmospheric pressure, or vice versa?”) is here cast as a binary classification problem, to be tackled by machine learning algorithms. Based on the results of the ChaLearn Cause-Effect Pairs Challenge, this book reveals that the joint distribution of two variables can be scrutinized by machine learning algorithms to reveal the possible existence of a “causal mechanism”, in the sense that the values of one variable may have been generated from the values of the other. This book provides both tutorial material on the state-of-the-art on cause-effect pairs and exposes the reader to more advanced material, with a collection of selected papers. Supplemental material includes videos, slides, and code which can be found on the workshop website. Discovering causal relationships from observational data will become increasingly important in data science with the increasing amount of available data, as a means of detecting potential triggers in epidemiology, social sciences, economy, biology, medicine, and other sciences.

Author : Ron Charles McKinnon
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1420032666

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Cause, Effect, and Control of Accidental Loss with Accident Investigation Kit by Ron Charles McKinnon Pdf

Accident: an undesired event that results in loss. Most people give little thought to accidents or their prevention. Health and safety professionals face this challenge, and its associated costs and losses, both human and financial, every day. Cause, Effect, and Control of Accidental Loss with Accident Investigation Kit provides the tools you need

Author : Nick Huntington-Klein
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 646 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000509144

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The Effect by Nick Huntington-Klein Pdf

Extensive code examples in R, Stata, and Python Chapters on overlooked topics in econometrics classes: heterogeneous treatment effects, simulation and power analysis, new cutting-edge methods, and uncomfortable ignored assumptions An easy-to-read conversational tone Up-to-date coverage of methods with fast-moving literatures like difference-in-differences

Author : Ron C. McKinnon
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2023-04-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000869293

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The Cause, Effect, and Control of Accidental Loss by Ron C. McKinnon Pdf

The Cause, Effect, and Control of Accidental Loss takes the reader through 15 phases of a typical workplace accident and shows how accidents can be prevented by the introduction of safety management controls in the form of a structured health and safety management system (SMS). It proposes that once the event has been triggered, there is no certainty as to the outcome, so workplaces should rely on proactive safety actions rather than reactive ones. Now fully updated, this new edition expands on the important concepts from the first edition, including hazard identification, risk assessment, flawed safety management systems, the potential for loss, and management control. This title: Challenges the paradigm that the measure of consequence (losses) is a good indicator of safety effort Introduces three luck factors that determine the course of the accident sequence Explains what causes accidents, their consequences, and how to prevent them Showcases accident immediate causes including high-risk (unsafe) acts and high-risk (unsafe) conditions The text is an essential read for professionals, graduate students, and academics in the field of occupational health, safety, and industrial hygiene.

Author : Ludwik Czaja
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2021-11-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030888138

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Computing in Cause-Effect Structures by Ludwik Czaja Pdf

This book focuses on numerous examples of tasks represented by c-e structure. Cause–effect (c-e) structures are dynamic objects devised for algebraic and graphic description of realistic tasks. They constitute a formal system providing means to specify or implement (depending on degree of description generality) the tasks. They can be transformed, thus come under simplification, in accordance with rules-axioms of their algebra. Also, their properties can be inferred from the axioms. One objective of this book is presentation, by many realistic examples, of computing capability of c-e structures, without entering into mathematical details of their algebra. In particular, how computing with natural numbers and in propositional calculus can be performed by c-e structures and how to specify behavior of data structures. But also demonstration of many other tasks taken from the area of parallel processing, specified as c-e structures. Another objective is modelling or simulation by means of c-e structures, of other descriptive systems, devised for tasks from various fields. Also without formalizing by usage of functions between the systems. This concerns formalisms such as reaction systems, rough sets, Petri nets and CSP-like languages. Also on such, where temporal interdependence between actions matters. The presentation of examples is prevalently graphic, in the form of peculiar nets, but accompanied by their algebraic and set-theoretic expressions. A fairly complete exposition of concepts and properties of the algebra of cause-effect structures is in the previous book appeared in the Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems series. But basic notions of c-e structures are here provided for understanding the examples.

Author : Kelly Hackett
Publisher : Teacher Created Materials
Page : 14 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781425812751

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Cause and Effect--Concentration Literacy Center by Kelly Hackett Pdf

This easy-to-use, research-based literacy center focuses on the five areas of reading. The center contains differentiated activities to meet the needs of all learners, recommended children's literature, and a letter to build a school-home connection.

Author : William Wickliffe Johnson
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2024-04-11
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9783385419780

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Sketches of the Late Depression. Its Cause, Effect and Lessons. With a Synoptical Review of Leading Trades During the Past Decade by William Wickliffe Johnson Pdf

Reprint of the original, first published in 1882.

Author : Traci Geiser
Publisher : Creative Teaching Press
Page : 49 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2007-01-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781591989462

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Power Practice: Fact or Opinion and Cause & Effect, Gr. 3-4, eBook by Traci Geiser Pdf

Practical and creative activities to develop essential skills.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Carson-Dellosa Publishing
Page : 49 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-01-03
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781609967666

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Cause & Effect, Grades 3 - 4 by Anonim Pdf

Cause and effect is an essential reading comprehension skill for all subject areas. Help students understand cause and effect using Spotlight on Reading: Cause and Effect for grades 3–4. This 48-page book includes a variety of high-interest lessons and activities that make learning fun! The exercises increase in difficulty as the book progresses, so students practice more-advanced skills as they work. With a variety of formats, teachers can provide direct instruction, reinforcement, and independent practice throughout the year. This book is perfect for practice at home and school and includes an answer key. It aligns with state, national, and Canadian provincial standards.

Author : Scott Cunningham
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 585 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780300251685

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Causal Inference by Scott Cunningham Pdf

An accessible, contemporary introduction to the methods for determining cause and effect in the social sciences "Causation versus correlation has been the basis of arguments--economic and otherwise--since the beginning of time. Causal Inference: The Mixtape uses legit real-world examples that I found genuinely thought-provoking. It's rare that a book prompts readers to expand their outlook; this one did for me."--Marvin Young (Young MC) Causal inference encompasses the tools that allow social scientists to determine what causes what. In a messy world, causal inference is what helps establish the causes and effects of the actions being studied--for example, the impact (or lack thereof) of increases in the minimum wage on employment, the effects of early childhood education on incarceration later in life, or the influence on economic growth of introducing malaria nets in developing regions. Scott Cunningham introduces students and practitioners to the methods necessary to arrive at meaningful answers to the questions of causation, using a range of modeling techniques and coding instructions for both the R and the Stata programming languages.

Author : Richard L Epstein
Publisher : Advanced Reasoning Forum
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2018-11-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780983452119

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Cause and Effect, Conditionals, Explanations by Richard L Epstein Pdf

This series of books presents the fundamentals of reasoning well, in a style accessible to both students and scholars. The text of each essay presents a story, the main line of development of the ideas, while the footnotes and appendices place the research within a larger scholarly context. The essays overlap, forming a unified analysis of reasoning, yet each essay is designed so that it may be read independently of the others. The topic of this volume is the evaluation of reasoning about cause and effect, reasoning using conditionals, and reasoning that involves explanations. The essay "Reasoning about Cause and Effect" sets out a way to analyze whether there is cause and effect in terms of whether an inference from a claim describing the purported cause to a claim describing the purported effect satisfies specific conditions. Different notions of cause and effect correspond to placing different conditions on what counts as a good causal inference. An application of that method in "The Directedness of Emotions" leads to a clearer understanding of the issue whether every emotion need be directed at something. In the essay "Conditionals" various ways of analyzing reasoning with claims of the form "if . . . then . . ." are surveyed. Some of those uses are meant to be judged as inferences that are not necessarily valid, and conditions are given for when we can consider such inferences to be good. In "Explanations" verbal answers to a question why a claim is true are evaluated in terms of conditions placed on inferences from the explaining claims to the claim being explained. Recognizing that the direction of inference of such an explanation is the reverse of that for an argument with the very same claims is crucial in their evaluation. Explanations in terms of functions and goals are also investigated.

Author : Amin Hussain
Publisher : AuthorHouse
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-12
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781524694869

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Karma: Cause and Effect by Amin Hussain Pdf

This book is intended as a guide to those who seek to understand the inner meanings of spirituality through Eastern philosophy. It uses exciting metaphors, allegories, and stories that go beyond the traditional way of explaining philosophy. Additionally, the book discusses how karma, which is the aggregation of ones actions carried forward from ones past lives and the current day, plays a role in everyday life. This book describes how one can take control of his or her own karma.

Author : Frances Howard-Snyder
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 109 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2024-05-19
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031527128

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Cause and Effect in Fiction by Frances Howard-Snyder Pdf