China S Use Of Armed Coercion

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China's Use of Armed Coercion

James A Siebens
China s Use of Armed Coercion Book PDF

Author : James A Siebens
Publisher : Taylor & Francis Group
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2023-11
Category : HISTORY
ISBN : 1003387772

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China's Use of Armed Coercion by James A Siebens Pdf

"This book analyses when, how, why, and to what effect China has used its armed forces in recent decades to coerce other actors in the international system. Over the past 20 years, China's international status as a "great power" has become undeniable. China's "peaceful rise" has included substantial investments in military modernization and an increasingly assertive regional posture. While China has not waged war since 1979, it has frequently resorted to what the US State Department has referred to as "gangster tactics" - threats, intimidation, and armed confrontation - to advance its strategic aims. This volume illuminates the ways in which China has employed its military and paramilitary tools to coerce other states, and examines the motivations and specific foreign policy objectives that China has pursued using force short of war. The study presents new analysis of an original dataset on coercive actions undertaken by China's armed forces, taking into account the political objectives pursued and the environmental contexts in which these operations occurred. It also presents a series of expert case studies addressing the most consequential examples of China using force to coerce in recent decades. The volume contributes to a more historically informed, empirically based understanding of great power competition. This book will be of much interest to students of Chinese security and foreign policy, strategic studies, Asian politics and International Relations"--

Military Coercion and US Foreign Policy

Melanie W. Sisson,James A. Siebens,Barry M. Blechman
Military Coercion and US Foreign Policy Book PDF

Author : Melanie W. Sisson,James A. Siebens,Barry M. Blechman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2020-04-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000056839

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Military Coercion and US Foreign Policy by Melanie W. Sisson,James A. Siebens,Barry M. Blechman Pdf

This book examines the use of military force as a coercive tool by the United States, using lessons drawn from the post-Cold War era (1991–2018). The volume reveals that despite its status as sole superpower during the post-Cold War period, US efforts to coerce other states failed as often as they succeeded. In the coming decades, the United States will face states that are more capable and creative, willing to challenge its interests and able to take advantage of missteps and vulnerabilities. By using lessons derived from in-depth case studies and statistical analysis of an original dataset of more than 100 coercive incidents in the post-Cold War era, this book generates insight into how the US military can be used to achieve policy goals. Specifically, it provides guidance about the ways in which, and the conditions under which, the US armed forces can work in concert with economic and diplomatic elements of US power to create effective coercive strategies. This book will be of interest to students of US national security, US foreign policy, strategic studies and International Relations in general.

China's Use of Military Force

Andrew Scobell
China s Use of Military Force Book PDF

Author : Andrew Scobell
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2003-09-08
Category : History
ISBN : 0521525853

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China's Use of Military Force by Andrew Scobell Pdf

In this unique study of China s militarism, Andrew Scobell examines the use of military force abroad - as in Korea (1950), Vietnam (1979), and the Taiwan Strait (1995 1996) - and domestically, as during the Cultural Revolution of the late 1960s and in the 1989 military crackdown in Tiananmen Square. Debunking the view that China has become increasingly belligerent in recent years because of the growing influence of soldiers, Scobell concludes that China s strategic culture has remained unchanged for decades. Nevertheless, the author uncovers the existence of a Cult of Defense in Chinese strategic culture. The author warns that this Cult of Defense disposes Chinese leaders to rationalize all military deployment as defensive, while changes in the People s Liberation Army s doctrine and capabilities over the past two decades suggest that China s twenty-first century leaders may use military force more readily than their predecessors.

China's Use of Armed Coercion

James A. Siebens
China s Use of Armed Coercion Book PDF

Author : James A. Siebens
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2023-11-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781003803423

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China's Use of Armed Coercion by James A. Siebens Pdf

This book analyzes when, how, why, and to what effect China has used its armed forces in recent decades to coerce other actors in the international system. Over the past 20 years, China’s international status as a “great power” has become undeniable. China’s “peaceful rise” has included substantial investments in military modernization and an increasingly assertive regional posture. While China has not waged war since 1979, it has frequently resorted to what the U.S. State Department has referred to as “gangster tactics” – threats, intimidation, and armed confrontation – to advance its strategic aims. This volume illuminates the ways in which China has employed its military and paramilitary tools to coerce other states, and examines the motivations and specific foreign policy objectives that China has pursued using force short of war. The study presents new analysis of an original dataset on coercive actions undertaken by China’s armed forces, taking into account the political objectives pursued and the environmental contexts in which these operations occurred. It also presents a series of expert case studies addressing the most consequential examples of China using force to coerce in recent decades. The volume contributes to a more historically informed, empirically based understanding of great power competition. This book will be of much interest to students of Chinese security and foreign policy, strategic studies, Asian politics and International Relations.

The Power to Coerce

David C. Gompert,Hans Binnendijk
The Power to Coerce Book PDF

Author : David C. Gompert,Hans Binnendijk
Publisher : Rand Corporation
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2016-02-25
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780833090614

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The Power to Coerce by David C. Gompert,Hans Binnendijk Pdf

Mounting costs, risks, and public misgivings of waging war are raising the importance of U.S. power to coerce (P2C). The best P2C options are financial sanctions, support for nonviolent political opposition to hostile regimes, and offensive cyber operations. The state against which coercion is most difficult and risky is China, which also happens to pose the strongest challenge to U.S. military options in a vital region.

China's Power Projection

Air Commodore Ramesh Phadke,R. V. Phadke
China s Power Projection Book PDF

Author : Air Commodore Ramesh Phadke,R. V. Phadke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 8170492203

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China's Power Projection by Air Commodore Ramesh Phadke,R. V. Phadke Pdf

China'S Attempts To Comprehensively Overhaul And Modernise Its Armed Forces, And Its Emphasis On Access To Modern Technology Indicate The Chinese Leadership Determination To Build An All-Round Military Capability To Fight Well Beyond Its Immediate Periphery. Coercion, And If That Fails, Resorting To Use Of Military Force Have Been The Logical And Natural Steps In China'S Strategy. This Marked Propensity To Use Force Makes One Take Note Of China'S Fast Burgeoning Military Capabilities. The Rapid Modernisation Process Of China'S Military Would Permit It To Extend Its Influence And Power Well Beyond Its Immediate Proximity. This Development Has Serious Implications For India'S Security. But To Exaggerate The Chinese Threat Is Counter-Productive, Lest It Becomes A Self-Fulfilling Prophecy. While The Prc Would Like The World To Respect It Even If Out Of Fear Or Awe, It Is Axiomatic That India Guard Itself Against An Overestimation Of The Threat While Assessing Its Potential. The Book Attempts To Search For Ways To Improve An Understanding Of China'S Rapidly Rising Power Status In International Politics And Its Possible Implications For India'S Security. (Published In Collaboration With United Services Institution Of India).

China's Forbearance Has Limits

Paul H. B. Godwin,Alice Lyman Miller
China s Forbearance Has Limits Book PDF

Author : Paul H. B. Godwin,Alice Lyman Miller
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : China
ISBN : LCCN:2013412382

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China's Forbearance Has Limits by Paul H. B. Godwin,Alice Lyman Miller Pdf

This study assesses the context and motivations of the PRC's use of military force since 1949. It then extracts Beijing's use of its calculus of warning statements in detail from several instances in which it has threatened and, in some cases, actually followed through with the use of military force to resolve a dispute. It offers several points to take into account in watching for and analyzing Beijing's use of this warnings calculus in contemporary contexts, and it offers a hypothetical scenario in which this calculus might appear in the context of China's claims in the South China Sea. -- Excerpted from introduction.

Competition in the Gray Zone

Bonny Lin,Cristina L. Garafola,Bruce McClintock,Jonah Blank,Jeffrey W. Hornung
Competition in the Gray Zone Book PDF

Author : Bonny Lin,Cristina L. Garafola,Bruce McClintock,Jonah Blank,Jeffrey W. Hornung
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2022-03-30
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1977408982

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Competition in the Gray Zone by Bonny Lin,Cristina L. Garafola,Bruce McClintock,Jonah Blank,Jeffrey W. Hornung Pdf

Few studies have systematically tracked how China is using gray zone tactics-coercive activities beyond normal diplomacy and trade but below the use of kinetic military force-against multiple U.S. allies and partners. Lacking a foundational empirical baseline, it is difficult to determine patterns and trends in Chinese activities to develop effective counters to them. The authors developed a framework to categorize China's use of gray zone tactics against five U.S. allies and partners in the Indo-Pacific and to identify the most problematic People's Republic of China (PRC) tactics that the United States could prioritize countering. Based on open-source material, this report provides a more in-depth understanding of Chinese operations in the gray zone. Among other conclusions, the authors observe that China views gray zone activities as natural extensions of how countries exercise power. China employs such tactics to balance maintaining a stable, favorable external environment with efforts to alter the status quo in China's favor without triggering major pushback or conflict. It has used nearly 80 such tactics on its neighbors, often in relation to territorial disputes.

Political Warfare

Kerry K. Gershaneck,Marine Corps University (U.S.). Press
Political Warfare Book PDF

Author : Kerry K. Gershaneck,Marine Corps University (U.S.). Press
Publisher : Independently Published
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : China
ISBN : 9798569771318

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Political Warfare by Kerry K. Gershaneck,Marine Corps University (U.S.). Press Pdf

"Political Warfare provides a well-researched and wide-ranging overview of the nature of the People's Republic of China (PRC) threat and the political warfare strategies, doctrines, and operational practices used by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The author offers detailed and illuminating case studies of PRC political warfare operations designed to undermine Thailand, a U.S. treaty ally, and Taiwan, a close friend"--

Global China

Tarun Chhabra,Rush Doshi,Ryan Hass
Global China Book PDF

Author : Tarun Chhabra,Rush Doshi,Ryan Hass
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780815739173

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Global China by Tarun Chhabra,Rush Doshi,Ryan Hass Pdf

The global implications of China's rise as a global actor In 2005, a senior official in the George W. Bush administration expressed the hope that China would emerge as a “responsible stakeholder” on the world stage. A dozen years later, the Trump administration dramatically shifted course, instead calling China a “strategic competitor” whose actions routinely threaten U.S. interests. Both assessments reflected an underlying truth: China is no longer just a “rising” power. It has emerged as a truly global actor, both economically and militarily. Every day its actions affect nearly every region and every major issue, from climate change to trade, from conflict in troubled lands to competition over rules that will govern the uses of emerging technologies. To better address the implications of China's new status, both for American policy and for the broader international order, Brookings scholars conducted research over the past two years, culminating in a project: Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World. The project is intended to furnish policy makers and the public with hard facts and deep insights for understanding China's regional and global ambitions. The initiative draws not only on Brookings's deep bench of China and East Asia experts, but also on the tremendous breadth of the institution's security, strategy, regional studies, technological, and economic development experts. Areas of focus include the evolution of China's domestic institutions; great power relations; the emergence of critical technologies; Asian security; China's influence in key regions beyond Asia; and China's impact on global governance and norms. Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World provides the most current, broad-scope, and fact-based assessment of the implications of China's rise for the United States and the rest of the world.

The Long Game

Rush Doshi
The Long Game Book PDF

Author : Rush Doshi
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780197527870

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The Long Game by Rush Doshi Pdf

For more than a century, no US adversary or coalition of adversaries - not Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, or the Soviet Union - has ever reached sixty percent of US GDP. China is the sole exception, and it is fast emerging into a global superpower that could rival, if not eclipse, the United States. What does China want, does it have a grand strategy to achieve it, and what should the United States do about it? In The Long Game, Rush Doshi draws from a rich base of Chinese primary sources, including decades worth of party documents, leaked materials, memoirs by party leaders, and a careful analysis of China's conduct to provide a history of China's grand strategy since the end of the Cold War. Taking readers behind the Party's closed doors, he uncovers Beijing's long, methodical game to displace America from its hegemonic position in both the East Asia regional and global orders through three sequential "strategies of displacement." Beginning in the 1980s, China focused for two decades on "hiding capabilities and biding time." After the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, it became more assertive regionally, following a policy of "actively accomplishing something." Finally, in the aftermath populist elections of 2016, China shifted to an even more aggressive strategy for undermining US hegemony, adopting the phrase "great changes unseen in century." After charting how China's long game has evolved, Doshi offers a comprehensive yet asymmetric plan for an effective US response. Ironically, his proposed approach takes a page from Beijing's own strategic playbook to undermine China's ambitions and strengthen American order without competing dollar-for-dollar, ship-for-ship, or loan-for-loan.

Hong Kong in the Shadow of China

Richard C. Bush
Hong Kong in the Shadow of China Book PDF

Author : Richard C. Bush
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2016-10-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780815728146

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Hong Kong in the Shadow of China by Richard C. Bush Pdf

A close-up look at the struggle for democracy in Hong Kong. Hong Kong in the Shadow of China is a reflection on the recent political turmoil in Hong Kong during which the Chinese government insisted on gradual movement toward electoral democracy and hundreds of thousands of protesters occupied major thoroughfares to push for full democracy now. Fueling this struggle is deep public resentment over growing inequality and how the political system—established by China and dominated by the local business community—reinforces the divide been those who have profited immensely and those who struggle for basics such as housing. Richard Bush, director of the Brookings Institution’s Center on East Asia Policy Studies, takes us inside the demonstrations and the demands of the demonstrators and then pulls back to critically explore what Hong Kong and China must do to ensure both economic competitiveness and good governance and the implications of Hong Kong developments for United States policy.

Interpreting China's Grand Strategy

Michael D. Swaine,Sara A. Daly,Peter W. Greenwood
Interpreting China s Grand Strategy Book PDF

Author : Michael D. Swaine,Sara A. Daly,Peter W. Greenwood
Publisher : Rand Corporation
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2000-03-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780833048301

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Interpreting China's Grand Strategy by Michael D. Swaine,Sara A. Daly,Peter W. Greenwood Pdf

China's continuing rapid economic growth and expanding involvement in global affairs pose major implications for the power structure of the international system. To more accurately and fully assess the significance of China's emergence for the United States and the global community, it is necessary to gain a more complete understanding of Chinese security thought and behavior. This study addresses such questions as: What are China's most fundamental national security objectives? How has the Chinese state employed force and diplomacy in the pursuit of these objectives over the centuries? What security strategy does China pursue today and how will it evolve in the future? The study asserts that Chinese history, the behavior of earlier rising powers, and the basic structure and logic of international power relations all suggest that, although a strong China will likely become more assertive globally, this possibility is unlikely to emerge before 2015-2020 at the earliest. To handle this situation, the study argues that the United States should adopt a policy of realistic engagement with China that combines efforts to pursue cooperation whenever possible; to prevent, if necessary, the acquisition by China of capabilities that would threaten America's core national security interests; and to remain prepared to cope with the consequences of a more assertive China.

Chinese Economic Coercion Against Taiwan

Murray Scot Tanner
Chinese Economic Coercion Against Taiwan Book PDF

Author : Murray Scot Tanner
Publisher : Rand Corporation
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780833039699

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Chinese Economic Coercion Against Taiwan by Murray Scot Tanner Pdf

This monograph analyzes the political impact of the rapidly growing economic relationship between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Taiwan and evaluates the prospects for Beijing to exploit that expanding economic relationship to employ economic coercion against Taiwan. It also identifies China's goals for applying economic pressure against Taiwan. To establish a framework for evaluating China's relative success or failure in using economic coercion against Taiwan, this work draws upon the conclusions of the large and empirically rich body of studies of economic diplomacy that have focused on economic coercion and trade sanctions. A large portion of this monograph is devoted to evaluating the cross-strait economic relationship and Taiwan's potential economic vulnerability to Chinese efforts to cut off or disrupt key aspects of that relationship. But this document also extensively analyzes the challenges that China has faced in its efforts to convert this raw, potential economic influence into effective political leverage.

The People's Liberation Army and Contingency Planning in China

Andrew Scobell,Arthur S. Ding,Phillip C. Saunders
The People s Liberation Army and Contingency Planning in China Book PDF

Author : Andrew Scobell,Arthur S. Ding,Phillip C. Saunders
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-26
Category : Reference
ISBN : 1365073726

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The People's Liberation Army and Contingency Planning in China by Andrew Scobell,Arthur S. Ding,Phillip C. Saunders Pdf

How will China use its increasing military capabilities in the future? China faces a complicated security environment with a wide range of internal and external threats. Rapidly expanding international interests are creating demands for the People's Liberation Army (PLA) to conduct new missions ranging from protecting Chinese shipping from Somali pirates to evacuating citizens from Libya. The most recent Chinese defense white paper states that the armed forces must "make serious preparations to cope with the most complex and difficult scenarios . . . so as to ensure proper responses . . . at any time and under any circumstances." Based on a conference co-sponsored by Taiwan's Council of Advanced Policy Studies, RAND, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and National Defense University, The People's Liberation Army and Contingency Planning in China brings together leading experts from the United States and Taiwan to examine how the PLA prepares for a range of domestic, border, and maritime...