Cigarette Smoke Toxicity

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Cigarette Smoke Toxicity

Author : David Bernhard
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2011-02-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527635337

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Cigarette Smoke Toxicity by David Bernhard Pdf

Smoking causes and contributes to a large number of human diseases, yet due to the large number of potentially hazardous compounds in cigarette smoke -- almost 5,000 chemicals have been identified, establishing the link between smoking and disease has often proved difficult. This unbiased and scientifically accurate overview of current knowledge begins with an overview of the chemical constituents in cigarette smoke, their fate in the human body, and their documented toxic effects on various cells and tissues. Recent results detailing the many ways components of cigarette smoke adversely affect human health are also presented, highlighting the role of smoking in cardiovascular, respiratory, infectious and other diseases. A final chapter discusses current strategies for the treatment and prevention of smoking-induced illness. Despite the obvious importance of the topic, this is the first comprehensive reference on tobacco smoke toxicity, making for essential reading for all toxicologists and healthcare professionals dealing with smoking-related diseases.

How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 728 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UCSD:31822037817723

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How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by Anonim Pdf

This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 736 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Passive smoking
ISBN : PURD:32754076769391

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The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke by Anonim Pdf

This Surgeon General's report returns to the topic of the health effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. The last comprehensive review of this evidence by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was in the 1986 Surgeon General's report, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, published 20 years ago this year. This new report updates the evidence of the harmful effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. This large body of research findings is captured in an accompanying dynamic database that profiles key epidemiologic findings, and allows the evidence on health effects of exposure to tobacco smoke to be synthesized and updated (following the format of the 2004 report, The Health Consequences of Smoking). The database enables users to explore the data and studies supporting the conclusions in the report. The database is available on the Web site of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco.

Clearing the Smoke

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Assess the Science Base for Tobacco Harm Reduction
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 657 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2001-10-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309072823

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Clearing the Smoke by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Assess the Science Base for Tobacco Harm Reduction Pdf

Despite overwhelming evidence of tobacco's harmful effects and pressure from anti-smoking advocates, current surveys show that about one-quarter of all adults in the United States are smokers. This audience is the target for a wave of tobacco products and pharmaceuticals that claim to preserve tobacco pleasure while reducing its toxic effects. Clearing the Smoke addresses the problems in evaluating whether such products actually do reduce the health risks of tobacco use. Within the context of regulating such products, the committee explores key questions: Does the use of such products decrease exposure to harmful substances in tobacco? Is decreased exposure associated with decreased harm to health? Are there surrogate indicators of harm that could be measured quickly enough for regulation of these products? What are the public health implications? This book looks at the types of products that could reduce harm and reviews the available evidence for their impact on various forms of cancer and other major ailments. It also recommends approaches to governing these products and tracking their public health effects. With an attitude of healthy skepticism, Clearing the Smoke will be important to health policy makers, public health officials, medical practitioners, manufacturers and marketers of "reduced-harm" tobacco products, and anyone trying to sort through product claims.

Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Acute Coronary Events
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2010-02-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309138390

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Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Acute Coronary Events Pdf

Data suggest that exposure to secondhand smoke can result in heart disease in nonsmoking adults. Recently, progress has been made in reducing involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke through legislation banning smoking in workplaces, restaurants, and other public places. The effect of legislation to ban smoking and its effects on the cardiovascular health of nonsmoking adults, however, remains a question. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects reviews available scientific literature to assess the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and acute coronary events. The authors, experts in secondhand smoke exposure and toxicology, clinical cardiology, epidemiology, and statistics, find that there is about a 25 to 30 percent increase in the risk of coronary heart disease from exposure to secondhand smoke. Their findings agree with the 2006 Surgeon General's Report conclusion that there are increased risks of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among men and women exposed to secondhand smoke. However, the authors note that the evidence for determining the magnitude of the relationship between chronic secondhand smoke exposure and coronary heart disease is not very strong. Public health professionals will rely upon Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects for its survey of critical epidemiological studies on the effects of smoking bans and evidence of links between secondhand smoke exposure and cardiovascular events, as well as its findings and recommendations.

Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Review of the Health Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 775 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2018-05-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309468374

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Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Review of the Health Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Pdf

Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes. Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.

The Tobacco Epidemic

Author : R. Loddenkemper,M. Kreuter
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2015-03-13
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783318026573

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The Tobacco Epidemic by R. Loddenkemper,M. Kreuter Pdf

This completely revised and enlarged 2nd edition of The Tobacco Epidemic provides a comprehensive update of the clinical, public health and political aspects of tobacco smoking. Since its 1st edition in 1997, knowledge on the health hazards of tobacco and nicotine addiction has increased considerably, but recent data has shown that the global problem has become more aggravated in low- and middle-income countries: if current trends continue, tobacco smoking will be responsible for the deaths of 1 billion people in the 21st century. Written by outstanding international experts, the book covers the history of tobacco production and use, the economics of tobacco use and control, as well as the health consequences of active and passive smoking in both adults and children. Special chapters discuss the impact of media, movies and TV on tobacco consumption in young people, the patterns and predictors of smoking cessation in the general population and in different social subgroups, and initiatives supported by the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Readers will find the latest information on how nicotine dependence is treated with nicotine replacement products, what role health care professionals play in helping smokers to quit and what effects smoke-free environments, advertising bans and price increases have on smoking prevalence. The potential harms and benefits of smokeless tobacco, waterpipe tobacco smoking and electronic cigarettes are also evaluated. This book is a must-read for anyone in the medical profession who treats patients with smoking-related diseases and for those engaged in tobacco control. It will also be appreciated by interested nonmedical readers like journalists and legislators.

Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking

Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,World Health Organization,International Agency for Research on Cancer
Publisher : IARC
Page : 1476 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9283212835

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Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,World Health Organization,International Agency for Research on Cancer Pdf

The IARC Monographs series publishes authoritative independent assessments by international experts of the carcinogenic risks posed to humans by a variety of agents, mixtures and exposures. They are a resource of information for both researchers and national and international authorities. This volume is particularly significant because tobacco smoke not only causes more deaths from cancer than any other known agent; it also causes more deaths from vascular and respiratory diseases. This volume contains all the relevant information on both direct and passive smoking. It is organised by first looking at the nature of agent before collecting the evidence of cancer in humans. This is followed by carcinogenicity studies on animals and then any other data relevant to an evaluation.

Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine

Author : Robert C. Bast, Jr.,Carlo M. Croce,William N. Hait,Waun Ki Hong,Donald W. Kufe,Martine Piccart-Gebhart,Raphael E. Pollock,Ralph R. Weichselbaum,Hongyang Wang,James F. Holland
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 2008 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017-03-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119000846

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Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine by Robert C. Bast, Jr.,Carlo M. Croce,William N. Hait,Waun Ki Hong,Donald W. Kufe,Martine Piccart-Gebhart,Raphael E. Pollock,Ralph R. Weichselbaum,Hongyang Wang,James F. Holland Pdf

Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates

The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke

Author : Alan Rodgman,Thomas A. Perfetti
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 2332 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781466515529

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The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke by Alan Rodgman,Thomas A. Perfetti Pdf

Authored by two longtime researchers in tobacco science, The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke, Second Edition chronicles the progress made from late 2008 through 2011 by scientists in the field of tobacco science. The book examines the isolation and characterization of each component. It explores developments in pertinent analytical

Nicotine Safety and Toxicity

Author : Neal L. Benowitz
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0195114965

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Nicotine Safety and Toxicity by Neal L. Benowitz Pdf

Papers from the symposium: The Safety and Toxicity of Nicotine, held in Braselton, Georgia, on December 6, 1996. Examines the potential risks of nicotine as a therapeutic medication for diseases such as: Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Tourette syndrome, sleep apnea, attention deficit disorder, and more.

Toxicological Risk Assessment and Multi-System Health Impacts from Exposure

Author : Aristidis M. Tsatsakis
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 684 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2021-08-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323853583

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Toxicological Risk Assessment and Multi-System Health Impacts from Exposure by Aristidis M. Tsatsakis Pdf

Toxicological Risk Assessment and Multisystem Health Impacts From Exposure highlights the emerging problems of human and environmental health attributable to cumulative and multiple sources of long-term exposure to environmental toxicants. The book describes the cellular, biological, immunological, endocrinologic, genetic, and epigenetic effects of long-term exposure. It examines how the combined exposure to nanomaterials, metals, pharmaceuticals, multifrequency radiation, dietary mycotoxins, and pesticides accelerates ecotoxicity in humans, animals, plants, and the larger environment. The book goes on to also offer insights into mixture risk assessments, protocols for evaluating the risks, and how this information can serve the regulatory agencies in setting safer exposure limits. The book is a go-to resource for scientists and professionals in the field tackling the current and emerging trends in modern toxicology and risk assessment. • Bridges basic research with clinical, epidemiological, regulatory, and translational research, conveying both an introductory understanding and the latest developments in the field • Evaluates real-life human health risk assessment for long-term exposures to xenobiotic mixtures and the role they play in contributing to chronic disease • Discusses advances in predictive (in silico) toxicology tools and the benefits of using omics technologies in toxicology research

Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2015-07-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309316279

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Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products Pdf

Tobacco use by adolescents and young adults poses serious concerns. Nearly all adults who have ever smoked daily first tried a cigarette before 26 years of age. Current cigarette use among adults is highest among persons aged 21 to 25 years. The parts of the brain most responsible for cognitive and psychosocial maturity continue to develop and change through young adulthood, and adolescent brains are uniquely vulnerable to the effects of nicotine. At the request of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products considers the likely public health impact of raising the minimum age for purchasing tobacco products. The report reviews the existing literature on tobacco use patterns, developmental biology and psychology, health effects of tobacco use, and the current landscape regarding youth access laws, including minimum age laws and their enforcement. Based on this literature, the report makes conclusions about the likely effect of raising the minimum age to 19, 21, and 25 years on tobacco use initiation. The report also quantifies the accompanying public health outcomes based on findings from two tobacco use simulation models. According to the report, raising the minimum age of legal access to tobacco products, particularly to ages 21 and 25, will lead to substantial reductions in tobacco use, improve the health of Americans across the lifespan, and save lives. Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products will be a valuable reference for federal policy makers and state and local health departments and legislators.

Cigars

Author : National Cancer Institute (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Cigar smoke
ISBN : MINN:31951D015599106

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Cigars by National Cancer Institute (U.S.) Pdf

Identifies upward trend in cigar use as potential serious public health problem.

Case Studies in Medical Toxicology

Author : Leslie R. Dye,Christine Murphy,Diane P. Calello,Michael D. Levine,Aaron Skolnik
Publisher : Springer
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2017-12-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319564494

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Case Studies in Medical Toxicology by Leslie R. Dye,Christine Murphy,Diane P. Calello,Michael D. Levine,Aaron Skolnik Pdf

The ACMT National Case Conference (NCC) is a monthly discussion of novel or interesting cases in medical toxicology. Participation is through online webinar, and the conferences are recorded to allow for review at any time. The cases in this book are taken from recordings of NCC with edits and revisions by contributors and editors to demonstrate educational points. The majority of the case information is from the original recording and represents actual patient presentations. However, some of the details have been changed and fictional information added to enhance the educational value. This volume covers a broad range of toxicological topics, and specialty guidance is offered at the end of every case to aid non-toxicologists. The dilemmas are applicable to both academic and clinical medicine. A list of relevant questions is also provided for each case. Subjects include common toxicological problems, rare presentations of common problems, common problems with controversial treatments or difficult diagnoses, and rare problems. Case Studies in Medical Toxicology from the American College of Medical Toxicology is a detailed reference text on specific toxicological issues and also serves as a practical review for those taking board exams. As a result, this volume is an important and necessary resource for medical students, residents, and fellows, as well as primary-care physicians, intensivists, and toxicologistsCase Studies in Medical Toxicology from the American College of Medical Toxicology is a detailed reference text on specific toxicological issues and also serves as a practical review for those taking board exams. As a result, this volume is an important and necessary resource for medical students, residents, and fellows, as well as primary-care physicians, intensivists, and toxicologists. All proceeds from this book will be donated to the Medical Toxicology Foundation.