Citizens And Subjects

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Citizen and Subject

Mahmood Mamdani
Citizen and Subject Book PDF

Author : Mahmood Mamdani
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-04-24
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781400889716

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Citizen and Subject by Mahmood Mamdani Pdf

In analyzing the obstacles to democratization in post- independence Africa, Mahmood Mamdani offers a bold, insightful account of colonialism's legacy--a bifurcated power that mediated racial domination through tribally organized local authorities, reproducing racial identity in citizens and ethnic identity in subjects. Many writers have understood colonial rule as either "direct" (French) or "indirect" (British), with a third variant--apartheid--as exceptional. This benign terminology, Mamdani shows, masks the fact that these were actually variants of a despotism. While direct rule denied rights to subjects on racial grounds, indirect rule incorporated them into a "customary" mode of rule, with state-appointed Native Authorities defining custom. By tapping authoritarian possibilities in culture, and by giving culture an authoritarian bent, indirect rule (decentralized despotism) set the pace for Africa; the French followed suit by changing from direct to indirect administration, while apartheid emerged relatively later. Apartheid, Mamdani shows, was actually the generic form of the colonial state in Africa. Through case studies of rural (Uganda) and urban (South Africa) resistance movements, we learn how these institutional features fragment resistance and how states tend to play off reform in one sector against repression in the other. The result is a groundbreaking reassessment of colonial rule in Africa and its enduring aftereffects. Reforming a power that institutionally enforces tension between town and country, and between ethnicities, is the key challenge for anyone interested in democratic reform in Africa.

Subjects, Citizens, and Others

Benno Gammerl
Subjects Citizens and Others Book PDF

Author : Benno Gammerl
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2017-11-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781785337109

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Subjects, Citizens, and Others by Benno Gammerl Pdf

Bosnian Muslims, East African Masai, Czech-speaking Austrians, North American indigenous peoples, and Jewish immigrants from across Europe—the nineteenth-century British and Habsburg Empires were characterized by incredible cultural and racial-ethnic diversity. Notwithstanding their many differences, both empires faced similar administrative questions as a result: Who was excluded or admitted? What advantages were granted to which groups? And how could diversity be reconciled with demands for national autonomy and democratic participation? In this pioneering study, Benno Gammerl compares Habsburg and British approaches to governing their diverse populations, analyzing imperial formations to reveal the legal and political conditions that fostered heterogeneity.

Citizen and Subject

Mahmood Mamdani
Citizen and Subject Book PDF

Author : Mahmood Mamdani
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2018-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780691180427

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Citizen and Subject by Mahmood Mamdani Pdf

In analyzing the obstacles to democratization in post- independence Africa, Mahmood Mamdani offers a bold, insightful account of colonialism's legacy--a bifurcated power that mediated racial domination through tribally organized local authorities, reproducing racial identity in citizens and ethnic identity in subjects. Many writers have understood colonial rule as either "direct" (French) or "indirect" (British), with a third variant--apartheid--as exceptional. This benign terminology, Mamdani shows, masks the fact that these were actually variants of a despotism. While direct rule denied rights to subjects on racial grounds, indirect rule incorporated them into a "customary" mode of rule, with state-appointed Native Authorities defining custom. By tapping authoritarian possibilities in culture, and by giving culture an authoritarian bent, indirect rule (decentralized despotism) set the pace for Africa; the French followed suit by changing from direct to indirect administration, while apartheid emerged relatively later. Apartheid, Mamdani shows, was actually the generic form of the colonial state in Africa. Through case studies of rural (Uganda) and urban (South Africa) resistance movements, we learn how these institutional features fragment resistance and how states tend to play off reform in one sector against repression in the other. The result is a groundbreaking reassessment of colonial rule in Africa and its enduring aftereffects. Reforming a power that institutionally enforces tension between town and country, and between ethnicities, is the key challenge for anyone interested in democratic reform in Africa.

Subjects and Citizens

Michael Moon,Cathy N. Davidson
Subjects and Citizens Book PDF

Author : Michael Moon,Cathy N. Davidson
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 537 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1995-06-15
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780822382393

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Subjects and Citizens by Michael Moon,Cathy N. Davidson Pdf

Focusing on intersecting issues of nation, race, and gender, this volume inaugurates new models for American literary and cultural history. Subjects and Citizens reveals the many ways in which a wide range of canonical and non-canonical writing contends with the most crucial social, political, and literary issues of our past and present. Defining the landscape of the New American literary history, these essays are united by three interrelated concerns: ideas of origin (where does "American literature" begin?), ideas of nation (what does "American literature" mean?), and ideas of race and gender (what does "American literature" include and exclude and how?). Work by writers as diverse as Aphra Behn, James Fenimore Cooper, Edgar Allan Poe, Frances Harper, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Herman Melville, William Faulkner, Harriet Jacobs, Frederick Douglass, Abraham Lincoln, Bharati Mukherjee, Booker T. Washington, Mark Twain, Kate Chopin, Américo Paredes, and Toni Morrison are discussed from several theoretical perspectives, using a variety of methodologies. Issues of the "frontier" and the "border" as well as those of coloniality and postcoloniality are explored. In each case, these essays emphasize the ideological nature of national identity and, more specifically, the centrality of race and gender to our concept of nationhood. Collected from recent issues of American Literature, with three new essays added, Subjects and Citizens charts the new directions being taken in American literary studies. Contributors. Daniel Cooper Alarcón, Lori Askeland, Stephanie Athey, Nancy Bentley, Lauren Berlant, Michele A. Birnbaum, Kristin Carter-Sanborn, Russ Castronovo, Joan Dayan, Julie Ellison, Sander L. Gilman, Karla F. C. Holloway, Annette Kolodny, Barbara Ladd, Lora Romero, Ramón Saldívar, Maggie Sale, Siobhan Senier, Timothy Sweet, Maurice Wallace, Elizabeth Young

From Citizens to Subjects

Curtis G. Murphy
From Citizens to Subjects Book PDF

Author : Curtis G. Murphy
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018-07-24
Category : History
ISBN : 0822964627

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From Citizens to Subjects by Curtis G. Murphy Pdf

From Citizens to Subjects challenges the common assertion in historiography that Enlightenment-era centralization and rationalization brought progress and prosperity to all European states, arguing instead that centralization failed to improve the socioeconomic position of urban residents in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth over a hundred-year period. Murphy examines the government of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the several imperial administrations that replaced it after the Partitions, comparing and contrasting their relationships with local citizenry, minority communities, and nobles who enjoyed considerable autonomy in their management of the cities of present-day Poland, Ukraine, and Belarus. He shows how the failure of Enlightenment-era reform was a direct result of the inherent defects in the reformers' visions, rather than from sabotage by shortsighted local residents. Reform in Poland-Lithuania effectively destroyed the existing system of complexities and imprecisions that had allowed certain towns to flourish, while also fostering a culture of self-government and civic republicanism among city citizens of all ranks and religions. By the mid-nineteenth century, the increasingly immobile post-Enlightenment state had transformed activist citizens into largely powerless subjects without conferring the promised material and economic benefits of centralization.

From Subjects to Citizens

Sarah C. Chambers
From Subjects to Citizens Book PDF

Author : Sarah C. Chambers
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780271042572

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From Subjects to Citizens by Sarah C. Chambers Pdf

Offering a corrective to previous views of Spanish-American independence, this book shows how political culture in Peru was dramatically transformed in this period of transition and how the popular classes as well as elites played crucial roles in this process. Honor, underpinning the legitimacy of Spanish rule and a social hierarchy based on race and class during the colonial era, came to be an important source of resistance by ordinary citizens to repressive action by republican authorities fearful of disorder. Claiming the protection of their civil liberties as guaranteed by the constitution, these &"honorable&" citizens cited their hard work and respectable conduct in justification of their rights, in this way contributing to the shaping of republican discourse. Prominent politicians from Arequipa, familiar with these arguments made in courtrooms where they served as jurists, promoted at the national level a form of liberalism that emphasized not only discipline but also individual liberties and praise for the honest working man. But the protection of men's public reputations and their patriarchal authority, the author argues, came at the expense of women, who suffered further oppression from increasing public scrutiny of their sexual behavior through the definition of female virtue as private morality, which also justified their exclusion from politics. The advent of political liberalism was thus not associated with greater freedom, social or political, for women.

Citizens and Subjects of the Italian Colonies

Simona Berhe,Olindo De Napoli
Citizens and Subjects of the Italian Colonies Book PDF

Author : Simona Berhe,Olindo De Napoli
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000517408

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Citizens and Subjects of the Italian Colonies by Simona Berhe,Olindo De Napoli Pdf

This is the first book on Italian colonialism that specifically deals with the question of citizenship/subjecthood. Such a topic is crucial for understanding both Italian imperial rule and the complex dynamics of the different colonial societies where several actors, like notables, political leaders, minorities, etc., were involved. The chapters gathered in the book constitute an unprecedented account of a heterogeneous geographical area. The cases of Eritrea, Libya, Dodecanese, Ethiopia, and Albania confirm that citizenship and subjecthood in the colonial context were ductile political tools, which were structured according to the orientations of the Metropole and the challenges that came from the colonial societies, often swinging between submission, cooptation to the colonial power, and resistance. On one hand, the book offers an account of the different policies of citizenship implemented in the Italian colonies, in particular the construction of gradated forms of citizenship, the repression and expulsion of dissidents, the systems of endearment of local people and cooptation of the elites, and the racialization of legal status. On the other, it deals with the various answers coming from the local populations in terms of resistance, negotiation, and construction of social identity.

Citizens and Subjects

Tony Wright
Citizens and Subjects Book PDF

Author : Tony Wright
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2002-11-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134944057

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Citizens and Subjects by Tony Wright Pdf

Citizens and Subjects is an essay on the nature and condition of democracy in Britain at the end of the twentieth century. It looks at the commonly held view that Britain is a model democracy, exposing it as a dangerous myth that inhibits both radical thought and actual constitutional change. The book looks at the tradition of political and constitutional thought in Britain and at contemporary political reality, revealing a wide gulf between the two. Dr Wright, a respected teacher and academic recently elected a Labour MP, considers Britain's particularly acute form of a general problem of modern government. While the nation thinks of itself as a liberal democracy, its liberalism was in fact in place well before democracy came onto the agenda. From the outset, democracy was seen as a problem by both conservatives and liberals. Constitutional issues have re-emerged on the political agenda in recent years. Dr Wright discusses the means by which we might move towards a pluralistic, open and participatory democracy; he also argues, however, that practical reforms will not be possible unless they are linked to a new tradition of radical constitutional thought.

An Analysis of Mahmood Mamdani's Citizen and Subject

Meike de Goede
An Analysis of Mahmood Mamdani s Citizen and Subject Book PDF

Author : Meike de Goede
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 103 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351350297

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An Analysis of Mahmood Mamdani's Citizen and Subject by Meike de Goede Pdf

Mahmood Mamdani’s 1996 Citizen and Subject is a powerful work of analysis that lays bare the sources of the problems that plagued, and often still plague, African governments. Analysis is one of the broadest and most fundamental critical thinking skills, and involves understanding the structure and features of arguments. Mamdani’s strong analytical skills form the basis of an original investigation of the problems faced by the independent African governments in the wake of the collapse of the colonial regimes imposed by European powers such has Great Britain and France. It had long been clear that these newly-independent governments faced many problems – corruption, the imposition of anti-democratic rule, and many basic failures of day-to-day governance. They also tended to replicate many of the racially and ethnically prejudiced structures that were part of colonial rule. Mamdani analyses the many arguments about the sources of these problems, drawing out their hidden implications and assumptions in order to clear the way for his own creative new vision of the way to overcome the obstacles to democratization in Africa. A dense and brilliant analysis of the true nature of colonialism’s legacy in Africa, Mamdani’s book remains influential to this day.

The Imperial Nation

Josep M. Fradera
The Imperial Nation Book PDF

Author : Josep M. Fradera
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2018-10-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691183930

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The Imperial Nation by Josep M. Fradera Pdf

How the legacy of monarchical empires shaped Britain, France, Spain, and the United States as they became liberal entities Historians view the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries as a turning point when imperial monarchies collapsed and modern nations emerged. Treating this pivotal moment as a bridge rather than a break, The Imperial Nation offers a sweeping examination of four of these modern powers—Great Britain, France, Spain, and the United States—and asks how, after the great revolutionary cycle in Europe and America, the history of monarchical empires shaped these new nations. Josep Fradera explores this transition, paying particular attention to the relations between imperial centers and their sovereign territories and the constant and changing distinctions placed between citizens and subjects. Fradera argues that the essential struggle that lasted from the Seven Years’ War to the twentieth century was over the governance of dispersed and varied peoples: each empire tried to ensure domination through subordinate representation or by denying any representation at all. The most common approach echoed Napoleon’s “special laws,” which allowed France to reinstate slavery in its Caribbean possessions. The Spanish and Portuguese constitutions adopted “specialness” in the 1830s; the United States used comparable guidelines to distinguish between states, territories, and Indian reservations; and the British similarly ruled their dominions and colonies. In all these empires, the mix of indigenous peoples, European-origin populations, slaves and indentured workers, immigrants, and unassimilated social groups led to unequal and hierarchical political relations. Fradera considers not only political and constitutional transformations but also their social underpinnings. Presenting a fresh perspective on the ways in which nations descended and evolved from and throughout empires, The Imperial Nation highlights the ramifications of this entangled history for the subjects who lived in its shadows.

Rights, Cultures, Subjects and Citizens

Susanne Brandtstädter,Peter Wade,Kath Woodward
Rights Cultures Subjects and Citizens Book PDF

Author : Susanne Brandtstädter,Peter Wade,Kath Woodward
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2013-09-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317980988

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Rights, Cultures, Subjects and Citizens by Susanne Brandtstädter,Peter Wade,Kath Woodward Pdf

This book questions the political logic of foregrounding cultural collectives in a world shaped by globalization and neoliberalization. Throughout the world, it is no longer only individuals, but increasingly collective "cultures" who are made responsible for their own regulation, welfare and enterprise. This appears as a surprising shift from the tenets of classical liberalism which defined the ideal subject of politics as the "unencumbered self"- the free, equal and self-governing individual. The increasing promotion and recognition of cultural rights in international legislation, multiculturalism, and public debates on "culture" as a political problem more generally indicate that culture has become a more central terrain for governance and struggles around rights and citizenship. On the basis of case studies from China, Latin America, and North America, the contributors of this book explore the links between culture, civility, and the politics of citizenship. They argue that official reifications of "culture" in relation to citizenship, and even the recognition of cultural rights, may obey strategies of governance and control, but that citizens may still use new cultural rights and networks, and the legal mechanisms that have been created to protect them, in order to pursue their own agendas of empowerment. This book was originally published as a special issue of Economy and Society.

Securitized Citizens

Baljit Nagra
Securitized Citizens Book PDF

Author : Baljit Nagra
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-01
Category : Belonging (Social psychology)
ISBN : 9781442628663

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Securitized Citizens by Baljit Nagra Pdf

In Securitized Citizens, Baljit Nagra, develops a new critical analysis of the ideas dominant groups and institutions try to impose on young Canadian Muslims and how in turn they contest and reconceptualize these ideas.

From Subjects to Citizens

Taylor C. Sherman,William Gould,Sarah Ansari
From Subjects to Citizens Book PDF

Author : Taylor C. Sherman,William Gould,Sarah Ansari
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2014-03-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107064270

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From Subjects to Citizens by Taylor C. Sherman,William Gould,Sarah Ansari Pdf

The book offers a fresh and timely perspective on the broader field of early postcolonial South Asian history.

The Struggle for Citizenship Education in Egypt

Jason Nunzio Dorio,Ehaab D. Abdou,Nashwa Moheyeldine
The Struggle for Citizenship Education in Egypt Book PDF

Author : Jason Nunzio Dorio,Ehaab D. Abdou,Nashwa Moheyeldine
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2018-12-21
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780429639463

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The Struggle for Citizenship Education in Egypt by Jason Nunzio Dorio,Ehaab D. Abdou,Nashwa Moheyeldine Pdf

This book offers nuanced analyses of the narratives, spaces, and forms of citizenship education prior to and during the aftermath of the January 2011 Egyptian Revolution. To explore the dynamics shaping citizenship education during this significant socio-political transition, this edited volume brings together established and emerging researchers from multiple disciplines, perspectives, and geographic locations. By highlighting the impacts of recent transitions on perceptions of citizenship and citizenship education in Egypt, this volume demonstrates that the critical developments in Egypt’s schools, universities, and other non-formal and informal spaces of education, have not been isolated from local, national, and global debates around meanings of citizenship.

Converging Empires

Andrea Geiger
Converging Empires Book PDF

Author : Andrea Geiger
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2022-06-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 077486799X

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Converging Empires by Andrea Geiger Pdf

Converging Empires examines the role the North Pacific borderlands played in the construction of race and citizenship, from 1867, when the United States acquired Russia's interests in Alaska, through to the end of World War II. Imperial, national, provincial, territorial, reserve, and municipal borders worked together to create a dynamic legal landscape that both Indigenous and non-Indigenous people negotiated in myriad ways. As they crossed from one jurisdiction to another, on both sides of the British Columbia-Alaska border, adventurers, prospectors, laborers, and settlers from Europe, Canada, the United States, Latin America, and Asia made and remade themselves. This book makes a vital contribution to our understanding of North American borderlands history.