Colonial Botany

Author : Londa Schiebinger,Claudia Swan
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2016-03-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780812293470

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Colonial Botany by Londa Schiebinger,Claudia Swan Pdf

In the early modern world, botany was big science and big business, critical to Europe's national and trade ambitions. Tracing the dynamic relationships among plants, peoples, states, and economies over the course of three centuries, this collection of essays offers a lively challenge to a historiography that has emphasized the rise of modern botany as a story of taxonomies and "pure" systems of classification. Charting a new map of botany along colonial coordinates, reaching from Europe to the New World, India, Asia, and other points on the globe, Colonial Botany explores how the study, naming, cultivation, and marketing of rare and beautiful plants resulted from and shaped European voyages, conquests, global trade, and scientific exploration. From the earliest voyages of discovery, naturalists sought profitable plants for king and country, personal and corporate gain. Costly spices and valuable medicinal plants such as nutmeg, tobacco, sugar, Peruvian bark, peppers, cloves, cinnamon, and tea ranked prominently among the motivations for European voyages of discovery. At the same time, colonial profits depended largely on natural historical exploration and the precise identification and effective cultivation of profitable plants. This volume breaks new ground by treating the development of the science of botany in its colonial context and situating the early modern exploration of the plant world at the volatile nexus of science, commerce, and state politics. Written by scholars as international as their subjects, Colonial Botany uncovers an emerging cultural history of plants and botanical practices in Europe and its possessions.

Author : Londa L Schiebinger
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2009-06-30
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0674043278

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Plants and Empire by Londa L Schiebinger Pdf

Plants seldom figure in the grand narratives of war, peace, or even everyday life yet they are often at the center of high intrigue. In the eighteenth century, epic scientific voyages were sponsored by European imperial powers to explore the natural riches of the New World, and uncover the botanical secrets of its people. Bioprospectors brought back medicines, luxuries, and staples for their king and country. Risking their lives to discover exotic plants, these daredevil explorers joined with their sponsors to create a global culture of botany. But some secrets were unearthed only to be lost again. In this moving account of the abuses of indigenous Caribbean people and African slaves, Schiebinger describes how slave women brewed the "peacock flower" into an abortifacient, to ensure that they would bear no children into oppression. Yet, impeded by trade winds of prevailing opinion, knowledge of West Indian abortifacients never flowed into Europe. A rich history of discovery and loss, "Plants and Empire" explores the movement, triumph, and extinction of knowledge in the course of encounters between Europeans and the Caribbean populations.

Author : Lucile H. Brockway
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0300091435

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Science and Colonial Expansion by Lucile H. Brockway Pdf

This widely acclaimed book analyzes the political effects of scientific research as exemplified by one field, economic botany, during one epoch, the nineteenth century, when Great Britain was the world's most powerful nation. Lucile Brockway examines how the British botanic garden network developed and transferred economically important plants to different parts of the world to promote the prosperity of the Empire. In this classic work, available once again after many years out of print, Brockway examines in detail three cases in which British scientists transferred important crop plants--cinchona (a source of quinine), rubber and sisal--to new continents. Weaving together botanical, historical, economic, political, and ethnographic findings, the author illuminates the remarkable social role of botany and the entwined relation between science and politics in an imperial era.

Author : Royal Commonwealth Society. Library,James Rufus Boosé
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 716 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1895
Category : Commonwealth countries
ISBN : NYPL:33433004210724

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Catalogue of the Library of the Royal Colonial Institute by Royal Commonwealth Society. Library,James Rufus Boosé Pdf

Author : Daniela Bleichmar,Paula De Vos,Kristin Huffine,Kevin Sheehan
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2008-12-18
Category : History
ISBN : 0804776334

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Science in the Spanish and Portuguese Empires, 1500–1800 by Daniela Bleichmar,Paula De Vos,Kristin Huffine,Kevin Sheehan Pdf

This collection of essays is the first book published in English to provide a thorough survey of the practices of science in the Spanish and Portuguese empires from 1500 to 1800. Authored by an interdisciplinary team of specialists from the United States, Latin America, and Europe, the book consists of fifteen original essays, as well as an introduction and an afterword by renowned scholars in the field. The topics discussed include navigation, exploration, cartography, natural sciences, technology, and medicine. This volume is aimed at both specialists and non-specialists, and is designed to be useful for teaching. It will be a major resource for anyone interested in colonial Latin America.

Author : Claudia Swan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2005-06-08
Category : Art
ISBN : 0521826748

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Art, Science, and Witchcraft in Early Modern Holland by Claudia Swan Pdf

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Author : Victoria Johnson
Publisher : Liveright Publishing
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781631494208

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American Eden: David Hosack, Botany, and Medicine in the Garden of the Early Republic by Victoria Johnson Pdf

Finalist for the 2018 National Book Award for Nonfiction A New York Times Editors' Choice Selection The untold story of Hamilton’s—and Burr’s—personal physician, whose dream to build America’s first botanical garden inspired the young Republic. On a clear morning in July 1804, Alexander Hamilton stepped onto a boat at the edge of the Hudson River. He was bound for a New Jersey dueling ground to settle his bitter dispute with Aaron Burr. Hamilton took just two men with him: his “second” for the duel, and Dr. David Hosack. As historian Victoria Johnson reveals in her groundbreaking biography, Hosack was one of the few points the duelists did agree on. Summoned that morning because of his role as the beloved Hamilton family doctor, he was also a close friend of Burr. A brilliant surgeon and a world-class botanist, Hosack—who until now has been lost in the fog of history—was a pioneering thinker who shaped a young nation. Born in New York City, he was educated in Europe and returned to America inspired by his newfound knowledge. He assembled a plant collection so spectacular and diverse that it amazes botanists today, conducted some of the first pharmaceutical research in the United States, and introduced new surgeries to American. His tireless work championing public health and science earned him national fame and praise from the likes of Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, Alexander von Humboldt, and the Marquis de Lafayette. One goal drove Hosack above all others: to build the Republic’s first botanical garden. Despite innumerable obstacles and near-constant resistance, Hosack triumphed when, by 1810, his Elgin Botanic Garden at last crowned twenty acres of Manhattan farmland. “Where others saw real estate and power, Hosack saw the landscape as a pharmacopoeia able to bring medicine into the modern age” (Eric W. Sanderson, author of Mannahatta). Today what remains of America’s first botanical garden lies in the heart of midtown, buried beneath Rockefeller Center. Whether collecting specimens along the banks of the Hudson River, lecturing before a class of rapt medical students, or breaking the fever of a young Philip Hamilton, David Hosack was an American visionary who has been too long forgotten. Alongside other towering figures of the post-Revolutionary generation, he took the reins of a nation. In unearthing the dramatic story of his life, Johnson offers a lush depiction of the man who gave a new voice to the powers and perils of nature.

Author : Yota Batsaki,Sarah Burke Cahalan,Anatole Tchikine
Publisher : Dumbarton Oaks Research Library & Collection
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Botanical specimens
ISBN : 0884024164

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The Botany of Empire in the Long Eighteenth Century by Yota Batsaki,Sarah Burke Cahalan,Anatole Tchikine Pdf

The Botany of Empire in the Long Eighteenth Century brings together international scholars to examine: the figure of the botanical explorer; links between imperial ambition and the impulse to survey, map, and collect specimens in "new" territories; and relationships among botanical knowledge, self-representation, and material culture.

Author : Ann Shteir
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2022-08-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780228013464

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Flora's Fieldworkers by Ann Shteir Pdf

When Catharine Parr Traill came to Upper Canada in 1832 as a settler from England, she brought along with her ties to British botanical culture. Nonetheless, when she arrived she encountered a new natural landscape and, like other women chronicled in this book, set out to advance the botanical knowledge of the time from the Canadian field. Flora’s Fieldworkers employs biography, botanical data, herbaria specimens, archival sources, letters, institutional records, book history, and abundant artwork to reconstruct the ways in which women studied and understood plants in the nineteenth century. It features figures ranging from elite women involved in imperial botanical projects in British North America to settler-colonial women in Ontario and Australia – most of whom were scarcely visible in the historical record – who were active in “plant work” as collectors, writers, artists, craft workers, teachers, and organizers. Understood as an appropriate pastime for genteel ladies, botany offered women pathways to scientific education, financial autonomy, and self-expression. The call for more diverse voices in the present must look to the past as well. Bringing botany to historians and historians to botany, Flora’s Fieldworkers gathers compelling material about women in colonial and imperial Canada and Australia to take a new look at how we came to know what we know about plants.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1861
Category : Natural history
ISBN : CHI:12632889

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The Natural History Review by Anonim Pdf

Author : John A. Weaver
Publisher : Springer
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319938400

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Science, Democracy, and Curriculum Studies by John A. Weaver Pdf

In this book John A. Weaver suggests curriculum studies scholars need to engage more in science matters. It offers a review of science studies writing from Ludwick Fleck and Thomas Kuhn to Philip Mirowski. The volume includes chapters on the rhetoric of science with a focus on the history of rhetoric and economics then on the rhetoric of models, statistics, and data, a critique of neoliberalism and its impact on science policy and the foundations of democracy, Harry Collin’s and Robert Evans’ theory of expertise followed by chapters on feminism with a focus on the work of Sharon Traweek, Karen Barad, and Vinciane Despret, postcolonial thought, with attention paid to the work of Daniela Bleichmar, Londa Schiebinger, Judith Carney, Sylvia Wynter, Paul Gilroy, and Sandra Harding, and a final chapter on Nietzsche’s philosophy of science. Each section is introduced by an interlude drawing on autobiographical connections between curriculum studies and science studies.

Author : Daniela Bleichmar
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-10-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226058559

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Visible Empire by Daniela Bleichmar Pdf

Between 1777 and 1816, botanical expeditions crisscrossed the vast Spanish empire in an ambitious project to survey the flora of much of the Americas, the Caribbean, and the Philippines. While these voyages produced written texts and compiled collections of specimens, they dedicated an overwhelming proportion of their resources and energy to the creation of visual materials. European and American naturalists and artists collaborated to manufacture a staggering total of more than 12,000 botanical illustrations. Yet these images have remained largely overlooked—until now. In this lavishly illustrated volume, Daniela Bleichmar gives this archive its due, finding in these botanical images a window into the worlds of Enlightenment science, visual culture, and empire. Through innovative interdisciplinary scholarship that bridges the histories of science, visual culture, and the Hispanic world, Bleichmar uses these images to trace two related histories: the little-known history of scientific expeditions in the Hispanic Enlightenment and the history of visual evidence in both science and administration in the early modern Spanish empire. As Bleichmar shows, in the Spanish empire visual epistemology operated not only in scientific contexts but also as part of an imperial apparatus that had a long-established tradition of deploying visual evidence for administrative purposes.

Author : J. Heniger
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351441070

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Hendrik Adriaan Van Reed Tot Drakestein 1636-1691 and Hortus, Malabaricus by J. Heniger Pdf

This text is a reference work for botanists studying the flora of South Asia. As commander of Malabar, van Reed was responsible for compiling the Hortus Malabaricus, a major publication of the flora and medical use of plants.

Author : John Krige
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2022-09-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226820378

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Knowledge Flows in a Global Age by John Krige Pdf

A transnational approach to understanding and analyzing knowledge circulation. The contributors to this collection focus on what happens to knowledge and know-how at national borders. Rather than treating it as flowing like currents across them, or diffusing out from center to periphery, they stress the human intervention that shapes how knowledge is processed, mobilized, and repurposed in transnational transactions to serve diverse interests, constraints, and environments. The chapters consider both what knowledge travels and how it travels across borders of varying permeability that impede or facilitate its movement. They look closely at a variety of platforms and objects of knowledge, from tangible commodities—like hybrid wheat seeds, penicillin, Robusta coffee, naval weaponry, seed banks, satellites and high-performance computers—to the more conceptual apparatuses of plant phenotype data and statistics. Moreover, this volume decenters the Global North, tracking how knowledge moves along multiple paths across the borders of Mexico, India, Portugal, Guinea-Bissau, the Soviet Union, China, Angola, Palestine and the West Bank, as well as the United States and the United Kingdom. An important new work of transnational history, this collection recasts the way we understand and analyze knowledge circulation.

Author : Teresa A. Meade,Mark Walker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1991-06-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9781349124459

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Science, Medicine and Cultural Imperialism by Teresa A. Meade,Mark Walker Pdf

A text which describes the ways that European powers used science and scientific inquiry to enforce their supposed cultural superiority on societies of Africa, Asia and Latin America.