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Author : Dietrich Schmähl
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Cancer
ISBN : CORNELL:31924050295306
Author : Dietrich Schmähl
Publisher : Wiley
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1997-12-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 0471199370
Only in a few cases can cancer caused by chemicals be traced back to the influence of exclusively one substance. Normally, combinations of chemicals are responsible for carcinogenic development. This book offers a first-time examination of the effects of such combinations. Using experimental models, the authors describe the basic maleficences of the countless combinations of chemical carcinogens, no-carcinogenic substances and properties of the organism. From the multitude of test results, they derive principles of general validity.
Author : Joseph C. Arcos,Mary F. Argus,Yin-tak Woo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 748 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461240761
In the approach to the analysis of disease, including, of course, cancer, two major thrusts may be distinguished. These may be referred to, in shorthand, as agents and processes: the causative agents (chemical, microbial, physical, environmental, and psychosocial) and the organismic processes, initiated and furthered by the agents, culminating in observable pathology (at the macromolecular, cytological, histological, organ function, locomotor, and behavioral levels). The past 25 years, since the appearance of the first volume of the predecessor series (1) authored by the Editors of this present volume, have seen an impressive number of studies on chemicals (and other agents) as etiologic factors in the induction of cancer. The major emphasis has been on the discovery of many chemical carcinogens of widely different structures, their metabolism by various tissues and cells, and, in turn, their molecular-biochemical effects on the cells. This rapidly expanded body of information, as effectively covered in the predecessor volumes, is an excellent entree to the second half of the overall problem of chemical carcinogenesis, the processes. The active agents trigger a large array of molecular-biochemical alterations to which the target cells, target tissues, and target organisms respond in many select and common ways. This second major aspect of the induction of cancer by chemicals (and by other agents)- the sequence of cellular and tissue changes clearly relevant to cancer-remains the challenge for the future.
Author : Joseph C. Arcos
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 711 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Cancer
ISBN : 3764337664
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Comparative Toxicity of Naturally Occurring Carcinogens
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1996-02-12
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309175715
Despite increasing knowledge of human nutrition, the dietary contribution to cancer remains a troubling question. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens assembles the best available information on the magnitude of potential cancer riskâ€"and potential anticarcinogenic effectâ€"from naturally occurring chemicals compared with risk from synthetic chemical constituents. The committee draws important conclusions about diet and cancer, including the carcinogenic role of excess calories and fat, the anticarcinogenic benefit of fiber and other substances, and the impact of food additive regulation. The book offers recommendations for epidemiological and diet research. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens provides a readable overview of issues and addresses critical questions: Does diet contribute to an appreciable proportion of human cancer? Are there significant interactions between carcinogens and anticarcinogens in the diet? The volume discusses the mechanisms of carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic properties and considers whether techniques used to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of synthetics can be used with naturally occurring chemicals. The committee provides criteria for prioritizing the vast number of substances that need to be tested. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens clarifies the issues and sets the direction for further investigations into diet and cancer. This volume will be of interest to anyone involved in food and health issues: policymakers, regulators, researchers, nutrition professionals, and health advocates.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 728 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UCSD:31822037817723
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author : Alecsandru Ioan Baba,Cornel Cătoi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 787 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 9732714573
Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on the Survey of the Health Effects of Mustard Gas and Lewisite
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1993-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309048323
Recently, World War II veterans have come forward to claim compensation for health effects they say were caused by their participation in chemical warfare experiments. In response, the Veterans Administration asked the Institute of Medicine to study the issue. Based on a literature review and personal testimony from more than 250 affected veterans, this new volume discusses in detail the development and chemistry of mustard agents and Lewisite followed by interesting and informative discussions about these substances and their possible connection to a range of health problems, from cancer to reproductive disorders. The volume also offers an often chilling historical examination of the use of volunteers in chemical warfare experiments by the U.S. militaryâ€"what the then-young soldiers were told prior to the experiments, how they were "encouraged" to remain in the program, and how they were treated afterward. This comprehensive and controversial book will be of importance to policymakers and legislators, military and civilian planners, officials at the Department of Veterans Affairs, military historians, and researchers.
Author : Elizabeth K. Weisburger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789400925267
but also the possibility of intervention in specific stages. In Human behavior, including stress and other factors, plays an important role in neoplasia, although too little is known addition, variables which affect cancer development as well on the reasons for such development. Carcinogens, which as some endogenous factors can be better delineated help initiate the neoplastic process, may be either synthetic through such investigations. The topics of this volume encompass premalignant non or naturally-occurring. Cancer causation may be ascribed to invasive lesions, species-specific aspects of carcinogenicity, certain chemicals, physical agents, radioactive materials, viruses, parasites, the genetic make-up of the organism, and radiation, viruses, a quantum theory of carinogenesis, onco bacteria. Humans, eumetazoan animals and vascular plants genes, and selected environmental carcinogens. are susceptible to the first six groups of cancer causes, whe reas the last group, bacteria, seems to affect only vascular plants. Neoplastic development may begin with impairment ofJmdy defenses by a toxic material (carcinogen) which acts as an initiator, followed by promotion and progression to an overt neoplastic state. Investigation of these processes Series Editor Volume Editor allows not only a better insight into the mechanism of action Hans E. Kaiser Elizabeth K. Weisburger vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Inspiration and encouragement for this wide ranging project on cancer distribution and dissemination from a comparative biological and clinical point of view, was given by my late friend E. H. Krokowski.
Author : Trevor M. Penning
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2011-03-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781617379956
This volume will provide a contemporary account of advances in chemical carcinogenesis. It will promote the view that it is chemical alteration of the DNA that is a route cause of many cancers. The multi-stage model of chemical carcinogenesis, exposure to major classes of human carcinogens and their mode-of-action will be a focal point. The balance between metabolic activation to form biological reactive intermediates and their detoxification, ensuing DNA-lesions and their repair will be profiled. It will describe the chemical changes that occur in DNA that result from endogenous insults including epigenetic changes that lead to gene silencing. It will describe major mechanisms of mutagenesis, affects on tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes, and how cell-cycle check points can be by-passed by the "stealth-like" properties of chemical carcinogens. Environmental agents that can promote tumor formation will be discussed. The monograph will have wide appeal as a knowledge base for graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and faculty interested in this aspect of cancer causation and research.
Author : Claudio Nicolini
Publisher : Springer
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1982-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : UCAL:B4513962
During October 18-30, 1981, the second course of the International School of Pure and Applied Biostructure, a NATO Advanced Study Institute, was held at the Ettore Majorana Center for Scientific Culture in Erice, Italy, co-sponsored by the International Union Against Cancer, the Italian League Against Cancer, the Italian Ministry of Public Education, the Italian Ministry of Scientific and Technological Research, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the Italian National Research Council, the Sicilian Regional Government and two pharmaceutical Companies (Zambeletti and Farmitalia). The subject of the course was "Chemical Carcino genesis" with participants selected world-wide from 18 different countries. It is now eminently clear that.the bulk of human cancers are related to one of several types of environmental exposure. Of the environmental hazards, chemicals are among the best characterized carcinogens. However, how chemicals induce cancer is still poorly understood. Because of the magnitude of the problem and the ob vious need for a much more critical scientific analysis of the process by which cancer is induced (carcinogenesis), it was highly desirable to expose a greater number of scientists with varying background to some of the latest thinking in chemical carcino genesis. The course had this as its major objective and the re sulting book does reflect it.
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards,Safe Drinking Water Committee
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1986-02-01
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309036870
The most recent volume in the Drinking Water and Health series contains the results of a two-part study on the toxicity of drinking water contaminants. The first part examines current practices in risk assessment, identifies new noncancerous toxic responses to chemicals found in drinking water, and discusses the use of pharmacokinetic data to estimate the delivered dose and response. The second part of the book provides risk assessments for 14 specific compounds, 9 presented here for the first time.
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Risk Assessment Methodology
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1993-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309047869
The scientific basis, inference assumptions, regulatory uses, and research needs in risk assessment are considered in this two-part volume. The first part, Use of Maximum Tolerated Dose in Animal Bioassays for Carcinogenicity, focuses on whether the maximum tolerated dose should continue to be used in carcinogenesis bioassays. The committee considers several options for modifying current bioassay procedures. The second part, Two-Stage Models of Carcinogenesis, stems from efforts to identify improved means of cancer risk assessment that have resulted in the development of a mathematical dose-response model based on a paradigm for the biologic phenomena thought to be associated with carcinogenesis.
Author : Andreas Luch
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2005-08-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781783260874
This book provides an overview on the molecular mode of action of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs are by-products arising from incomplete combustion of organic matter that are frequently released into our environment, and thus are ubiquitously detectable. Many PAHs are strong carcinogens in rodent bioassays and have been linked to increased incidences of various types of cancer in humans. The present book covers all aspects of PAH-induced carcinogenesis; it is a collection of articles written by some of the most recognizable PAH researchers, reviewing the present knowledge in this field. The topics include: exposure to and biomonitoring of PAHs in the human population; metabolic activation of PAHs; genotoxicity and repair of PAH-induced DNA damage; and factors modulating individual susceptibility to the deleterious effects of PAHs. Contents:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Induced Carcinogenesis — An Introduction (A Luch)Metabolic Activation and Detoxification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (A Luch & W M Baird)Biomonitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons — Human Exposure (A Seidel)Macromolecular Adducts as Biomarkers of Human Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (D H Phillips)DNA Damage and Mutagenesis Induced by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (A Besaratinia & G P Pfeifer)Mechanisms of Repair of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Induced DNA Damage (H Naegeli & N E Geacintov)Aberrant Gene Expression and Cell Signalling/Epigenetic Effects Induced by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (P Steinberg)Indicator Assays for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Induced Genotoxicity (H Glatt)Tumorigenicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (S Amin & K El-Bayoumy)Genetic Susceptibility to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Induced Carcinogenesis (A Hirvonen)Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Induced Carcinogenesis — An Integrated View (A Luch) Readership: Graduate students, academics and researchers in toxicology, biochemistry, oncology and the life sciences. Keywords:PAH;Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon;Carcinogenesis;Genotoxicity
Author : Suzanne H. Reuben
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2010-10
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781437934212
Though overall cancer incidence and mortality have continued to decline in recent years, cancer continues to devastate the lives of far too many Americans. In 2009 alone, 1.5 million American men, women, and children were diagnosed with cancer, and 562,000 died from the disease. There is a growing body of evidence linking environmental exposures to cancer. The Pres. Cancer Panel dedicated its 2008¿2009 activities to examining the impact of environmental factors on cancer risk. The Panel considered industrial, occupational, and agricultural exposures as well as exposures related to medical practice, military activities, modern lifestyles, and natural sources. This report presents the Panel¿s recommend. to mitigate or eliminate these barriers. Illus.