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Author : Chhatrapati Singh
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Law
ISBN : UOM:39015023582649
Author : Vandana Shiva
Publisher : Zed Books
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0862328233
Examining the position of women in relation to nature - the forests, the food chain and water supplies - the author links the violation of nature with the violation and marginalization of women in the Third World. One result is that the impact of science, technology and politics, along with the workings of the economy itself, are inherently exploitative. Every area of human activity marginalizes and burdens both women and nature.There is only one path, Vandana Shiva suggests, to survival and liberation for nature, women and men, and that is the ecological path of harmony, sustainability and diversity. She explores the unique place of women in the environment of India in particular, both as its saviours and as victims of maldevelopment.Her analysis is an innovative statement of the challenge that women in ecology movements are creating and she shows how their efforts constitute a non-violent and humanly inclusive alternative to the dominant paradigm of contemporary scientific and development thought.
Author : Fiona Nunan
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2015-03-27
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781134597895
Does poverty lead to environmental degradation? Do degraded environments and natural resources lead to poverty? Or, are there other forces at play? Is the relationship between poverty and the environment really as straightforward as the vicious circle portrayal of ‘poverty leading to environmental destruction leading to more poverty’ would suggest? Does it matter if the relationship is portrayed in this way? This book suggests that it does matter. Arguing that such a portrayal is unhelpful and misleading, the book brings together a diverse range of analytical frameworks and approaches that can enable a much deeper investigation of the context and nature of poverty-environment relationships. Analytical frameworks and approaches examined in the book include political ecology, a gendered lens, Critical Institutionalism, the Environmental Entitlements framework, the Institutional Analysis and Development approach, the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, wellbeing analysis, social network analysis and frameworks for the analysis of the governance of natural resources. Recommended further reading draws on published material from the last thirty years as well as key contemporary publications, giving readers a steer towards essential texts and authors within each subject area. Key themes running through the analytical frameworks and approaches are identified and examined, including power, access, institutions and scale.
Author : Jeremy Seabrook
Publisher : New Internationalist
Page : 143 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2007-09-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781906523718
This guide questions conventional thinking about wealth and poverty—is the opposite of poverty really wealth, or is it safety and sufficiency? Drawing on experience of poor people all over the world, the author gives voice to those whose views are rarely sought and shows how we all need to live more modestly to make poverty history. Jeremy Seabrook has written more than thirty books (including Travels in the Skin Trade and Children of Other Worlds), and has worked as a teacher, social worker, journalist, lecturer, and playwright. He has contributed to many magazines, including the New Statesman and The Ecologist.
Author : Xu Xue Chun
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
Page : 936 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2016-10-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781524518127
This book consists of three parts: 1. The commentary on China The commentary on China proceeds from the analysis of the Chinese political phenomena on the basis of the creation of human consciousness, subconscious, culture, and the origin of Chinese culture in order to provide opinions on Chinas reform from the perspective of an ordinary worker and to try to change the political environment in China with the strength of a netizen. Though most of my remarks had been deleted for being too extreme, yet in my point of view, my remarks posted on the Internet did make a difference on public opinion, thus affecting the political direction of China. 2. The commentary on Islam Chinese government has long been harboring Islam, with whom I had imprisoned my anger. However, I was pushed over the edge when I heard the news that terrorists of ISIS ornamented poles with human heads. I decided to crush Islam on my own as an ordinary netizen. Islam is not as horrible as what you have imagined, but it will be easily crushed and swept like a piece of trash as long as proper methods and theories are adopted. 3. The commentary on Western and other countries Western countries are respected for a reasonits advancementyet there are certain irreparable deficiencies, and they are revealing themselves. Something terrible might happen if these deficiencies are not properly handled.
Author : J. E. M. Arnold,W. C. Stewart
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Commons
ISBN : MINN:31951P00116818L
Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2007-11-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 0821372246
Drawing upon recent analytical work prepared inside and outside the World Bank, this report identifies key lessons concerning the linkages between poverty and the environment. With a focus on the contribution of environmental resources to household welfare, the analysis increases our understanding of how specific reforms and interventions can have an impact on the health and livelihoods of poor people. 'Scholars and development practitioners increasingly recognize that in low-income countries there are inextricable links between poverty reduction and natural resources management. Demand has grown immensely for not only more, but better empirical evidence on those links. This volume offers a careful synthesis of key findings from growing literature on the environmental determinants of household welfare, as reflected by indicators of consumption, health, and income. The primary contribution of this study is that is has drawn out vital policy conclusions that will be of value to organizations and governments concerned about poverty and the environment in the developing world.' --Professor Christopher B. Barrett, Cornell University
Author : Venkatesh Salagrama
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9251055661
This study analyses the livelihoods of marine fishing communities in the Indian coastal state of Orissa using the sustainable livelihoods approach. It investigates the relationships between livelihoods and coastal poverty and seeks to develop simple qualitative indicators to monitor the changes in these relationships over time. The key trends affecting the livelihoods of the poor in the coastal fishing communities in Orissa range across the whole spectrum of "assets" - i.e. the natural, physical, social, human and financial - and contribute to changes in terms of availability as well as access to the assets for the poorer stakeholders. This paper also examines the impact of seasonality and shocks upon the fisheries-based livelihoods and the importance and influence of various policies, institutions and processes in addressing the fishers' need to cope with their vulnerability context in a meaningful manner. It summarizes the various factors having an impact upon the livelihoods of the fishers and develops them into simple indicators relevant in assessing the changing patterns of poverty in fishing communities of Orissa.
Author : Emmanuel H. D'Silva,Kaye Bysouth
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1992-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0821322001
Of the estimated 1 billion people in the developing world who survive in conditions of extreme poverty, 70 percent live in Asia. The majority of these people live in rural areas and agriculture is their main occupation. Most of the rural poor are small and marginal farmers, landless agricultural workers, fisherfolk, artisans, female headed households, the aged and infirm, and children. The incidence of poverty is highest among female heads of households and children. The seminar on "Poverty Alleviation through Agricultural Projects" provided thirty development practitioners with an opportunity to consider strategies, policies, and practices that help alleviate rural poverty. The seminar discussed four key issues of relevance to policy makers: (1) poverty cannot be measured by income alone; (2) poverty cannot be alleviated through a short-term, piecemeal approach; (3) agricultural projects constitute one of the many means available to governments for alleviating rural poverty; and (4) the role of public sector in poverty alleviation needs to be reconsidered.
Author : Utpal Kumar De,Manoranjan Pal,Premananda Bharati
Publisher : Springer
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2017-11-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811062742
This book reviews the fulfillment of two Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), namely poverty and inequality, in the Indian subcontinent. It examines the complex interplay among development, inequality and poverty in relation to corruption, environmental resource management, agricultural adjustment to climate change and institutional arrangements, with a special focus on the Northeastern region of the country. The topics covered offer a blend of theoretical arguments and empirical data with regard to the three main themes of the book, while also providing agricultural and environmental perspectives. The book also provides guidelines for policy initiatives for harnessing the region’s potential in the areas of industry, trade, sustainable use of mineral, forest and other natural resources, nature-based tourism through proper infrastructure development, and resolving land issues to achieve inclusive development.In addition to introducing some new questions on the development-ethnic conflict interface, it uses sophisticated tools such as the Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition method in consumption expenditure to show the endowment, and return to endowment effects; and techniques like spatial correlation-regression to analyze regional variation, co-integration, vector autoregression, the panel data technique and the adaptation index to climate change, to understand socio-economic complexities and the effect of the concerned variables on entrepreneurship and human development.The book offers a timely contribution to our understanding of major MDGs and highlights their successes and failures. It also includes analytical frameworks that are key to future policy initiatives. Further, it disseminates approaches and methods that improve livelihoods and standards of living through poverty reduction and promoting inclusive development along with sustainable utilization of available natural resources. Putting forward various ideas for creating a more sustainable future, it inspires and encourages readers to pursue further studies to address the gaps that still remain.
Author : Raja Jesudoss Chelliah,R. Sudarshan
Publisher : Anthem Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Basic needs
ISBN : 9781843310051
"Income-Poverty and Beyond" emphasizes the need to go beyond the conventional definition of poverty and look at the various human aspects of the problem. A team of eminent social scientists - Suresh Tendulkar, Abusaleh Shariff, R Radhakrishna, MSS Meenakshisundaram, Seeta K Prabhu, Ravi Srivastava and the editors, Raja J Chelliah and R Sudarshan - take a comprehensive view of poverty to include the concept of human poverty, seen as the "the denial of opportunities and choices most basic to human development." Special care has been taken to make the information and analysis accessible to the general reader Using the latest available data for India as well as edited versions of papers commissioned by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) for a South Asia poverty monitor the broad conclusion that has emerged is that more public action is needed to counter the high prevalence of human poverty. Therefore, measures to reduce income-poverty, including high rates of economic growth are not sufficient. The,first two chapters dwell on the concept of income-poverty, interstate and inter group disparities, and poverty trends in India over the decade 1983-94. There follows an examination of human development in rural India, availability of food for the poor, various programs aimed at removing poverty, the indices for human poverty and public financing of social services, human priority expenditures, and human expenditure ratios for the Indian states. The perceptions of the poor themselves in assessing their own poverty and in developing policies to improve their status are discussed and an Epilogue appeals to the national and international community to take serious note of human poverty inthe midst of which we all live. This book will be invaluable to teachers, students, policy-makers and others who need to understand the multi-faceted nature of poverty in India.
Author : Stefan Dercon
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2004-11-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191534942
Poor people in developing countries are often affected by droughts, floods, illness, crop failure, job loss, and economic downturns. Much of their energy goes into coping with these shocks and into day-to-day survival. While insurance and credit markets, combined with widespread social security, provide an important cushion against poverty in rich countries, the need for immediate survival may lock the poor into persistent poverty in developing countries. The poor in developing countries do have informal mechanisms to cope with risk and misfortune. These are based on income diversification, risk avoidance, self-insurance by saving together with family, and community-based mutual assistance. Nevertheless, the scope of these mechanisms remains limited. Repeated individual-specific shocks such as illness or pests, or covariate risks associated with drought, flood, or recession, undermine the ability of individuals and their families to cope with risk. We now know much more about vulnerability to risk and how poor people cope. Even more importantly, we have learned much about the large long-term consequences of these risks, which condemns many to persistent poverty and excludes them from economic growth. But there is much that can be done. The micro-level studies that underpin this book offer new insights on how effective public action could be more effective in protecting the vulnerable against persistent poverty. Policy should focus on providing a comprehensive menu of ex-ante and post-crisis protection mechanisms, including new forms of insurance, savings, safety nets, and the means to strengthen the poor's asset base. Local communities have a big role to play: public funds should not be used to replace indigenous community-based support networks; rather they should be used to build on the strengths of these networks to ensure broader and more effective protection. With numerous thematic chapters and case studies of both best practice and of failure, from a mix of low-income and middle-income countries across the developing world, this book evaluates alternatives in widening insurance and protection provision, and makes an important contribution to the topical field of insurance and risk.
Author : Rucha Ghate,Narpat Jodha,Pranab Mukhopadhyay
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2008-01-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199213832
This volume examines the management of Common Property Resources, like water, forestry, and land, and is intended to provide an account of the transformation of the commons in a rapidly changing South Asia. Contributions cover a wide range of natural resources and deal with issues such as equity, efficiency, productivity, and sustainability.
Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9251032114
Author : Alyosha Goldstein
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2012-03-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780822351818
This work looks at inter-related post WWII case studies to analyze the ways in which different groups, mostly governmental agencies and emerging activist organizations, invoked the idea of "community" in anti-poverty initiatives during the late 1950s and 1960s.
