Complexity And Real Computation

Author : Lenore Blum,Felipe Cucker,Michael Shub,Steve Smale
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461207016

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Complexity and Real Computation by Lenore Blum,Felipe Cucker,Michael Shub,Steve Smale Pdf

The classical theory of computation has its origins in the work of Goedel, Turing, Church, and Kleene and has been an extraordinarily successful framework for theoretical computer science. The thesis of this book, however, is that it provides an inadequate foundation for modern scientific computation where most of the algorithms are real number algorithms. The goal of this book is to develop a formal theory of computation which integrates major themes of the classical theory and which is more directly applicable to problems in mathematics, numerical analysis, and scientific computing. Along the way, the authors consider such fundamental problems as: * Is the Mandelbrot set decidable? * For simple quadratic maps, is the Julia set a halting set? * What is the real complexity of Newton's method? * Is there an algorithm for deciding the knapsack problem in a ploynomial number of steps? * Is the Hilbert Nullstellensatz intractable? * Is the problem of locating a real zero of a degree four polynomial intractable? * Is linear programming tractable over the reals? The book is divided into three parts: The first part provides an extensive introduction and then proves the fundamental NP-completeness theorems of Cook-Karp and their extensions to more general number fields as the real and complex numbers. The later parts of the book develop a formal theory of computation which integrates major themes of the classical theory and which is more directly applicable to problems in mathematics, numerical analysis, and scientific computing.

Author : Sanjeev Arora,Boaz Barak
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 609 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2009-04-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780521424264

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Computational Complexity by Sanjeev Arora,Boaz Barak Pdf

New and classical results in computational complexity, including interactive proofs, PCP, derandomization, and quantum computation. Ideal for graduate students.

Author : K. Ko
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781468468021

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Complexity Theory of Real Functions by K. Ko Pdf

Starting with Cook's pioneering work on NP-completeness in 1970, polynomial complexity theory, the study of polynomial-time com putability, has quickly emerged as the new foundation of algorithms. On the one hand, it bridges the gap between the abstract approach of recursive function theory and the concrete approach of analysis of algorithms. It extends the notions and tools of the theory of computability to provide a solid theoretical foundation for the study of computational complexity of practical problems. In addition, the theoretical studies of the notion of polynomial-time tractability some times also yield interesting new practical algorithms. A typical exam ple is the application of the ellipsoid algorithm to combinatorial op timization problems (see, for example, Lovasz [1986]). On the other hand, it has a strong influence on many different branches of mathe matics, including combinatorial optimization, graph theory, number theory and cryptography. As a consequence, many researchers have begun to re-examine various branches of classical mathematics from the complexity point of view. For a given nonconstructive existence theorem in classical mathematics, one would like to find a construc tive proof which admits a polynomial-time algorithm for the solution. One of the examples is the recent work on algorithmic theory of per mutation groups. In the area of numerical computation, there are also two tradi tionally independent approaches: recursive analysis and numerical analysis.

Author : Avi Wigderson
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2019-10-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780691189130

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Mathematics and Computation by Avi Wigderson Pdf

An introduction to computational complexity theory, its connections and interactions with mathematics, and its central role in the natural and social sciences, technology, and philosophy Mathematics and Computation provides a broad, conceptual overview of computational complexity theory—the mathematical study of efficient computation. With important practical applications to computer science and industry, computational complexity theory has evolved into a highly interdisciplinary field, with strong links to most mathematical areas and to a growing number of scientific endeavors. Avi Wigderson takes a sweeping survey of complexity theory, emphasizing the field’s insights and challenges. He explains the ideas and motivations leading to key models, notions, and results. In particular, he looks at algorithms and complexity, computations and proofs, randomness and interaction, quantum and arithmetic computation, and cryptography and learning, all as parts of a cohesive whole with numerous cross-influences. Wigderson illustrates the immense breadth of the field, its beauty and richness, and its diverse and growing interactions with other areas of mathematics. He ends with a comprehensive look at the theory of computation, its methodology and aspirations, and the unique and fundamental ways in which it has shaped and will further shape science, technology, and society. For further reading, an extensive bibliography is provided for all topics covered. Mathematics and Computation is useful for undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics, computer science, and related fields, as well as researchers and teachers in these fields. Many parts require little background, and serve as an invitation to newcomers seeking an introduction to the theory of computation. Comprehensive coverage of computational complexity theory, and beyond High-level, intuitive exposition, which brings conceptual clarity to this central and dynamic scientific discipline Historical accounts of the evolution and motivations of central concepts and models A broad view of the theory of computation's influence on science, technology, and society Extensive bibliography

Author : Ding-Zhu Du,Ker-I Ko
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 517 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-30
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781118306086

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Theory of Computational Complexity by Ding-Zhu Du,Ker-I Ko Pdf

Praise for the First Edition "... complete, up-to-date coverage of computational complexity theory...the book promises to become the standard reference on computational complexity." —Zentralblatt MATH A thorough revision based on advances in the field of computational complexity and readers’ feedback, the Second Edition of Theory of Computational Complexity presents updates to the principles and applications essential to understanding modern computational complexity theory. The new edition continues to serve as a comprehensive resource on the use of software and computational approaches for solving algorithmic problems and the related difficulties that can be encountered. Maintaining extensive and detailed coverage, Theory of Computational Complexity, Second Edition, examines the theory and methods behind complexity theory, such as computational models, decision tree complexity, circuit complexity, and probabilistic complexity. The Second Edition also features recent developments on areas such as NP-completeness theory, as well as: A new combinatorial proof of the PCP theorem based on the notion of expander graphs, a research area in the field of computer science Additional exercises at varying levels of difficulty to further test comprehension of the presented material End-of-chapter literature reviews that summarize each topic and offer additional sources for further study Theory of Computational Complexity, Second Edition, is an excellent textbook for courses on computational theory and complexity at the graduate level. The book is also a useful reference for practitioners in the fields of computer science, engineering, and mathematics who utilize state-of-the-art software and computational methods to conduct research.

Author : Peter Bürgisser
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783662041796

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Completeness and Reduction in Algebraic Complexity Theory by Peter Bürgisser Pdf

This is a thorough and comprehensive treatment of the theory of NP-completeness in the framework of algebraic complexity theory. Coverage includes Valiant's algebraic theory of NP-completeness; interrelations with the classical theory as well as the Blum-Shub-Smale model of computation, questions of structural complexity; fast evaluation of representations of general linear groups; and complexity of immanants.

Author : Neil Immerman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461205395

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Descriptive Complexity by Neil Immerman Pdf

By virtue of the close relationship between logic and relational databases, it turns out that complexity has important applications to databases such as analyzing the parallel time needed to compute a query, and the analysis of nondeterministic classes. This book is a relatively self-contained introduction to the subject, which includes the necessary background material, as well as numerous examples and exercises.

Author : Stephen Smale,Felipe Cucker,Roderick Wong
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 532 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9810249918

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The Collected Papers of Stephen Smale by Stephen Smale,Felipe Cucker,Roderick Wong Pdf

This invaluable book contains the collected papers of Stephen Smale. These are divided into eight groups: topology; calculus of variations; dynamics; mechanics; economics; biology, electric circuits and mathematical programming; theory of computation; miscellaneous. In addition, each group contains one or two articles by world leaders on its subject which comment on the influence of Smale's work, and another article by Smale with his own retrospective views.

Author : Lenore Blum
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:839970595

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Complexity and Real Computation by Lenore Blum Pdf

Author : Jens Blanck,Vasco Brattka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2001-05-23
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540421979

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Computability and Complexity in Analysis by Jens Blanck,Vasco Brattka Pdf

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Computability and Complexity in Analysis, CCA 2000, held in Swansea, UK, in September 2000. The 23 revised full papers presented together with a report on a competition of exact real arithmetic systems were carefully selected from 28 papers accepted for presentation during the workshop. The book presents a cross-section on current research on computability and complexity in analysis.

Author : Cristopher Moore,Stephan Mertens
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 631 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2011-08-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191620805

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The Nature of Computation by Cristopher Moore,Stephan Mertens Pdf

Computational complexity is one of the most beautiful fields of modern mathematics, and it is increasingly relevant to other sciences ranging from physics to biology. But this beauty is often buried underneath layers of unnecessary formalism, and exciting recent results like interactive proofs, phase transitions, and quantum computing are usually considered too advanced for the typical student. This book bridges these gaps by explaining the deep ideas of theoretical computer science in a clear and enjoyable fashion, making them accessible to non-computer scientists and to computer scientists who finally want to appreciate their field from a new point of view. The authors start with a lucid and playful explanation of the P vs. NP problem, explaining why it is so fundamental, and so hard to resolve. They then lead the reader through the complexity of mazes and games; optimization in theory and practice; randomized algorithms, interactive proofs, and pseudorandomness; Markov chains and phase transitions; and the outer reaches of quantum computing. At every turn, they use a minimum of formalism, providing explanations that are both deep and accessible. The book is intended for graduate and undergraduate students, scientists from other areas who have long wanted to understand this subject, and experts who want to fall in love with this field all over again.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Computational complexity
ISBN : OCLC:637759812

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Computational Complexity by Anonim Pdf

Author : Oded Goldreich
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 632 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2008-04-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 052188473X

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Computational Complexity by Oded Goldreich Pdf

This book offers a comprehensive perspective to modern topics in complexity theory, which is a central field of the theoretical foundations of computer science. It addresses the looming question of what can be achieved within a limited amount of time with or without other limited natural computational resources. Can be used as an introduction for advanced undergraduate and graduate students as either a textbook or for self-study, or to experts, since it provides expositions of the various sub-areas of complexity theory such as hardness amplification, pseudorandomness and probabilistic proof systems.

Author : Pavel Pudlák
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 699 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-22
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319001197

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Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity by Pavel Pudlák Pdf

The two main themes of this book, logic and complexity, are both essential for understanding the main problems about the foundations of mathematics. Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity covers a broad spectrum of results in logic and set theory that are relevant to the foundations, as well as the results in computational complexity and the interdisciplinary area of proof complexity. The author presents his ideas on how these areas are connected, what are the most fundamental problems and how they should be approached. In particular, he argues that complexity is as important for foundations as are the more traditional concepts of computability and provability. Emphasis is on explaining the essence of concepts and the ideas of proofs, rather than presenting precise formal statements and full proofs. Each section starts with concepts and results easily explained, and gradually proceeds to more difficult ones. The notes after each section present some formal definitions, theorems and proofs. Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity is aimed at graduate students of all fields of mathematics who are interested in logic, complexity and foundations. It will also be of interest for both physicists and philosophers who are curious to learn the basics of logic and complexity theory.

Author : Steven Homer,Alan L. Selman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2011-12-09
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461406815

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Computability and Complexity Theory by Steven Homer,Alan L. Selman Pdf

This revised and extensively expanded edition of Computability and Complexity Theory comprises essential materials that are core knowledge in the theory of computation. The book is self-contained, with a preliminary chapter describing key mathematical concepts and notations. Subsequent chapters move from the qualitative aspects of classical computability theory to the quantitative aspects of complexity theory. Dedicated chapters on undecidability, NP-completeness, and relative computability focus on the limitations of computability and the distinctions between feasible and intractable. Substantial new content in this edition includes: a chapter on nonuniformity studying Boolean circuits, advice classes and the important result of Karp─Lipton. a chapter studying properties of the fundamental probabilistic complexity classes a study of the alternating Turing machine and uniform circuit classes. an introduction of counting classes, proving the famous results of Valiant and Vazirani and of Toda a thorough treatment of the proof that IP is identical to PSPACE With its accessibility and well-devised organization, this text/reference is an excellent resource and guide for those looking to develop a solid grounding in the theory of computing. Beginning graduates, advanced undergraduates, and professionals involved in theoretical computer science, complexity theory, and computability will find the book an essential and practical learning tool. Topics and features: Concise, focused materials cover the most fundamental concepts and results in the field of modern complexity theory, including the theory of NP-completeness, NP-hardness, the polynomial hierarchy, and complete problems for other complexity classes Contains information that otherwise exists only in research literature and presents it in a unified, simplified manner Provides key mathematical background information, including sections on logic and number theory and algebra Supported by numerous exercises and supplementary problems for reinforcement and self-study purposes