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Complicated War Trauma and Care of the Wounded by Salman Zarka,Alexander Lerner Pdf
This book presents carefully selected case reports that document some of the most important lessons learned at Ziv Medical Center, the northernmost Israeli hospital responsible for the medical care and support of wounded and patients from the Syrian civil war. The aim is to provide practitioners with new knowledge on effective ways of dealing with the emergencies encountered in the context of such conflicts. The case reports cover in particular the specialties of Trauma and Critical Care, Orthopedics, and Surgery, but also relate to Internal Medicine, Ophthalmology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Psychiatric Care. Some of the cases of trauma are of a nature not previously encountered by Western medicine, and include instances in which multidisciplinary care played a vital role. Featuring many informative illustrations, the book will be of value for all who work in emergency and military medicine and related disciplines, from novices to the more experienced.
The history of warfare and the history of medicine are closely intertwined. War has been an accelerator of advances in medical treatment and surgery. As modern weaponry became more destructive, medicine developed techniques and procedures to deal with the volume and nature of battlefield casualties. Preventative medicine has also increased the effectiveness of fighting forces through improvements in soldiers' health and disease resistance.This book is a collection of chapters by historians, medical practitioners and researchers, former and serving military medical officers, surgeons, nurses and veterans, who explore the impact of war, wounds and trauma through the historical record, reported narratives and personal experiences. The book includes major sections on World War One (including chapters on shell shock and plastic surgery), World War Two (including a chapter on the Nazi death camps), the Vietnam War (including chapters on Agent Orange and sexually transmitted diseases), together with chapters on the Korean War and the current conflict in Afghanistan. In addition, the book includes several personal stories in which veterans describe their experiences of injury and recovery. War Wounds is a truly unique book, which offers considerable insights into an aspect of war that is often mentioned but seldom examined as it is here. Medical professionals, military personnel and the general public will all find it a remarkably revealing read.
Since October 2001, approximately 1.64 million U.S. troops have been deployed for Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) in Afghanistan and Iraq. Early evidence suggests that the psychological toll of these deployments -- many involving prolonged exposure to combat-related stress over multiple rotations -- may be disproportionately high compared with the physical injuries of combat. In the face of mounting public concern over post-deployment health care issues confronting OEF/OIF veterans, several task forces, independent review groups, and a Presidential Commission have been convened to examine the care of the war wounded and make recommendations. Concerns have been most recently centered on two combat-related injuries in particular: post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury. With the increasing incidence of suicide and suicide attempts among returning veterans, concern about depression is also on the rise. The study discussed in this monograph focuses on post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, and traumatic brain injury, not only because of current high-level policy interest but also because, unlike the physical wounds of war, these conditions are often invisible to the eye, remaining invisible to other servicemembers, family members, and society in general. All three conditions affect mood, thoughts, and behavior; yet these wounds often go unrecognized and unacknowledged. The effect of traumatic brain injury is still poorly understood, leaving a large gap in knowledge related to how extensive the problem is or how to address it. RAND conducted a comprehensive study of the post-deployment health-related needs associated with these three conditions among OEF/OIF veterans, the health care system in place to meet those needs, gaps in the care system, and the costs associated with these conditions and with providing quality health care to all those in need. This monograph presents the results of our study, which should be of interest to mental health treatment providers; health policymakers, particularly those charged with caring for our nation's veterans; and U.S. service men and women, their families, and the concerned public. All the research products from this study are available at http://veterans.rand.org. Data collection for this study began in April 2007and concluded in January 2008. Specific activities included a critical reviewof the extant literature on the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, and traumatic brain injury and their short- and long-term consequences; a population-based survey of service members and veterans who served in Afghanistan or Iraq to assess health status and symptoms, as well asutilization of and barriers to care; a review of existing programs to treat service members and veterans with the three conditions; focus groups withmilitary service members and their spouses; and the development of a microsimulation model to forecast the economic costs of these conditions overtime. Among our recommendations is that effective treatments documented in the scientific literature -- evidence-based care -- are available for PTSD and major depression. Delivery of such care to all veterans with PTSD or majordepression would pay for itself within two years, or even save money, by improving productivity and reducing medical and mortality costs. Such care may also be a cost-effective way to retain a ready and healthy military force for the future. However, to ensure that this care is delivered requires system-level changes across the Department of Defense, the Department of Veterans Affairs, and the U.S. health care system.
Canadian soldiers returning home have always been changed by war and peacekeeping, frequently in harmful but unseen ways. The Invisible Injured explores the Canadian military’s continuous battle with psychological trauma from 1914 to 2014 to show that while public understanding and sympathy toward affected soldiers has increased, myths and stigmas have remained. Whether diagnosed with shell shock, battle exhaustion, or post-traumatic stress disorder, Canadian troops were at the mercy of a military culture that promoted stoic and manly behaviour while shunning weakness and vulnerability. Those who admitted to mental difficulties were often ostracized, released from the military, and denied a pension. Through interviews with veterans and close examination of accounts and records on the First World War, the Second World War, and post-Cold War peacekeeping missions, Adam Montgomery outlines the intimate links between the military, psychiatrists, politicians, and the Canadian public. He demonstrates that Canadians’ views of trauma developed alongside the nation’s changing role on the international stage – from warrior nation to peacekeeper. While Canadians took pride in their military’s accomplishments around the globe, soldiers who came back haunted by their experiences were often ignored. Utilizing a wide range of historical sources and a frank approach, The Invisible Injured is the first book-length history of trauma in the Canadian military over the past century. It is a timely and provocative study that points to past mistakes and outlines new ideas of courage and determination.
Joseph M. Galante,Matthew J. Martin,Carlos J. Rodriguez,Wade Travis Gordon
Author : Joseph M. Galante,Matthew J. Martin,Carlos J. Rodriguez,Wade Travis Gordon Publisher : Springer Page : 301 pages File Size : 45,6 Mb Release : 2018-04-11 Category : Medical ISBN : 9783319746722
Managing Dismounted Complex Blast Injuries in Military & Civilian Settings by Joseph M. Galante,Matthew J. Martin,Carlos J. Rodriguez,Wade Travis Gordon Pdf
This text is designed to present a comprehensive and state-of the-art approach to dismounted complex blast injuries. Sections address care of these patients from the point of injury through rehabilitation. The specific areas addressed include blast mechanics, stabilization and hemorrhage control at the point of injury, early resuscitation at local hospitals, a systematic approach to surgical care, and finally reconstruction and rehabilitation. Specific chapters focus on operative management of pelvic, abdominal, genitourinary, orthopedic, neurological and thoracic injuries. The authors of each chapter, are experts in treating DCBIs that have had direct hands-on experience through military deployments in Iraq and Afghanistan. Each chapter describes patient presentation and an algorithm outlining treatment with support from the literature. The text will conclude with three chapters. The first explores new advances in care that can be applied to these injuries. The second highlights the organization and team approach to care of these patients. Finally, the last chapter describes an actual case, cared for by the editors, that encompasses points from the chapters in the text. Extensive illustrations and flow diagrams are used throughout the text. This text is specifically designed to be a “how to” guide for inexperienced military and civilian providers. The chapters are organized in a step-wise fashion that mirrors the patient’s course from point of injury through their hospital course. Combining authors’ experience with illustrations and algorithm diagrams creates a text that is easy to use as a reference text or basis of training for future military and civilian surgeons.
Education, Human Rights and Peace in Sustainable Development by Maigul Nugmanova,Heimo Mikkola,Alexander Rozanov,Valentina Komleva Pdf
The aim of sustainable development is to balance our economic, environmental and social needs, allowing prosperity for current and future generations. Countries must be allowed to meet their basic needs of employment, food, energy, water and sanitation. There is a clear relationship between the three topics of the book: right to education has been recognized as a human right - education has a role in peace-building. Additionally, education, human rights and peace have a significant role in sustainable development. The United Nations have defined a broad range of internationally accepted rights, including civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights. However, this book demonstrates that there are still people and nations not respecting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Chapters from Brazil, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Kazakhstan, Israel, Peru, Russia and South-Africa cover topics like civil war, human abuses, the vulnerability of indigenous people, abortion, epilepsy, food security, lack of health equities in maternal and child health, and democracy or lack of it. We sincerely hope that this book will contribute to the joint pursuit of humanity to make the world better after we all get over the coronavirus pandemic.
Armed Conflict Injuries to the Extremities by Alexander Lerner,Michael Soudry Pdf
This book is designed to meet the continued need to re-learn the principles of treatment of complex war injuries to the extremities in order to minimize post-traumatic and post-treatment complications and optimize functional recovery. Most of the chapters are based on the unique experience gained in the treatment of military personnel who have suffered modern combat trauma and civilian victims of terror attacks at a single, large level 1 trauma center. The remaining chapters present the experience of leading international authorities in trauma and reconstructive surgery. A staged treatment protocol is presented, ranging from primary damage control through to definitive functional limb reconstruction. The organization of medical aid, anesthesiology, diagnostic imaging, infection prophylaxis, and management of complications are reviewed, and a special chapter is devoted to the challenging dilemma of limb salvage versus amputation in the treatment of limbs at risk.
Manual of Definitive Surgical Trauma Care 2E by Kenneth Boffard Pdf
Unless dealing with injury regularly, few surgeons can attain and sustain the level of skill necessary for decision making in major trauma. This includes both the intellectual decisions and the manual dexterity required to perform all the manoeuvres needed for surgical access and control. These can be particularly challenging, and may be infrequently required, yet rapid access to and control of sites of haemorrhage following trauma can be life-saving surgical intervention. Many situations require specialist trauma expertise, yet often this is simply not on hand within the available time frame. Manual of Definitive Surgical Trauma Care, Second Edition, is written by the editorial board of the DSTCTM, which is a short course focusing on the life-saving surgical techniques and surgical decision-making required for surgeons who deal with major surgical trauma on an infrequent basis. This course supplements the well-recognized and accepted American College of Surgeons' Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS®) course. This manual is published in association with IATSIC (the International Association for the Surgery of Trauma and Surgical Intensive Care), and is written by an Editorial Board of surgeons who belong to that society. IATSIC are broadening their reach and running more and more courses worldwide. This new second edition has been updated to incorporate all recent developments in this rapidly progressing area. It emphasizes how practical 'real-life' decisions on the care of the injured patient should be made and then covers in practical terms the surgical techniques required. Every aspect of surgical trauma care is covered, including: ·the causation of injuries - aids rapid understanding of presented trauma; ·the initial, pre-hospital and emergency department care of the patient - all of which may determine eventual outcome; ·the resources required, both physical and intellectual, within the hospital to deal with the specific problems associated with patients with multiple injuries; the limitations in providing specialist expertise within the time frame required. It is an ideal practical manual for both trainees and qualified surgeons.
Combat Casualty Care by Martha K. Lenhart,Eric Savitsky,Brian Eastridge Pdf
"This book is designed to deliver combat casualty care information that will facilitate transition from a continental US or civilian practice to the combat care environment. Establishment of the Joint Theater Trauma System and the Joint Theater Trauma Registry, coupled with the efforts of the authors, has resulted in the creation of the most comprehensive, evidence-based depiction of the latest advances in combat casualty care. Lessons learned in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) have been fortified with evidence-based recommendations to improve casualty care. The educational curriculum was designed overall to address the leading causes of preventable death and disability in OEF and OIF. Specifically, the generalist combat casualty care provider is presented requisite information for optimal cae of US combat casualties in the first 72 to 96 hours after injury. The specialist provider is afforded similiar information, supplemented by lessons learned for definitive care of host nation patients."--
Reconstructing the War Injured Patient by Ghassan Soleiman Abu-Sittah,Jamal J. Hoballah,Joseph Bakhach Pdf
This text provides a comprehensive and state-of-the art approach to reconstruction of the war injured patient tailored to the types of injuries and patients mostly encountered from the Arab region over the past few years at the American University of Beirut Medical Center, one of the largest tertiary care and referral centers in the area and its affiliated hospitals. The book discusses in detail evidence of literature, new research data and new perspectives about the management and reconstruction of all types of injuries: ophthalmic, head and neck, upper and lower limb bone and soft tissue trauma, trunk, visceral and urogenital injuries as well as vascular and central and peripheral nerve injuries. It also highlights the social burden of these injuries as well as the importance of rehabilitation and psychological support for the war injured. The most recent findings of the change in the microbiology of these wounds and their treatment modifications are also discussed. Reconstructing the War Injured Patient will serve as a valuable resource for surgeons, clinicians and researchers dealing with and interested in the multiple facets of current war casualty care all the way from the battlefields to the long-term chronic rehabilitation. It includes concise yet comprehensive overviews of the current status of the war casualty patient reconstruction domain. It will help guide patient management based on evidence from literature, clinical and surgical experience and ongoing research. It will also help stimulate investigative efforts in this dynamic and active field of war medicine.
Author : Juan A. Asensio,Wayne J. Meredith Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences Page : 1391 pages File Size : 51,9 Mb Release : 2023-03-18 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780323846417
Current Therapy of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care by Juan A. Asensio,Wayne J. Meredith Pdf
Drawing on the experience and knowledge of master world-renowned trauma surgeons, Current Therapy of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, 3rd Edition, offers a comprehensive summary of optimal treatment and post-operative management of traumatic injuries. Ideally suited for everyday use, this practical, concise reference highlights the most important aspects of urgent surgical care, from damage control to noninvasive techniques to chemical and biological injuries. A focus on the surgical techniques required to manage even the most complex injuries makes it both an excellent resource for quick review before entering the operating room and a valuable review tool for board certification or recertification. Covers the entire spectrum of Trauma Surgery and Surgical Critical Care—from initial evaluation, military and civilian field and trauma center evaluation and resuscitation, to diagnosis, operative, and postoperative critical care and outcomes—in nearly 100 print and 39 online-exclusive chapters, all newly streamlined to emphasize frontline procedural treatment. Features extensive new data and updates to Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular, and Military Surgery chapters, plus numerous new intraoperative photographs and high-quality line drawings that highlight the most important aspects of urgent surgical care. Contains 14 new chapters, including Innovations in Trauma Surgery Simulation; Air Evacuation and Critical Care in Military Casualties; REBOA: Indications and Controversies; Penetrating Extracranial Vertebral Artery; Penetrating Arterio-Venous Fistulas; The Genomics of Profound Shock and Trauma; ECMO; and newer strategies, such as nerve blocks for pain management to combat the opioid epidemic. Incorporates a wealth of military knowledge from both recent and past military conflicts, as well as from asymmetric warfare; many of the authors and co-authors have extensive past and present military experience. Uses a consistent, easy-to-follow chapter format throughout, for quick and easy reference and review. Reviews the essential principles of diagnosis and treatment, as well as the specifics of surgical therapy, making it useful for surgeons across all specialties. Integrates evidence-based practice guidelines into the text whenever possible, as well as comprehensive utilization of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma – Organ Injury Scales (AAST-OIS). Contains such a wealth of operative photographs and line drawings, both in the printed version and many more in the electronic version, that it could be considered an Atlas of Trauma Surgery.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Military Trauma Care's Learning Health System and Its Translation to the Civilian Sector
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Military Trauma Care's Learning Health System and Its Translation to the Civilian Sector Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 531 pages File Size : 48,8 Mb Release : 2016-09-12 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309442886
A National Trauma Care System by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Military Trauma Care's Learning Health System and Its Translation to the Civilian Sector Pdf
Advances in trauma care have accelerated over the past decade, spurred by the significant burden of injury from the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Between 2005 and 2013, the case fatality rate for United States service members injured in Afghanistan decreased by nearly 50 percent, despite an increase in the severity of injury among U.S. troops during the same period of time. But as the war in Afghanistan ends, knowledge and advances in trauma care developed by the Department of Defense (DoD) over the past decade from experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq may be lost. This would have implications for the quality of trauma care both within the DoD and in the civilian setting, where adoption of military advances in trauma care has become increasingly common and necessary to improve the response to multiple civilian casualty events. Intentional steps to codify and harvest the lessons learned within the military's trauma system are needed to ensure a ready military medical force for future combat and to prevent death from survivable injuries in both military and civilian systems. This will require partnership across military and civilian sectors and a sustained commitment from trauma system leaders at all levels to assure that the necessary knowledge and tools are not lost. A National Trauma Care System defines the components of a learning health system necessary to enable continued improvement in trauma care in both the civilian and the military sectors. This report provides recommendations to ensure that lessons learned over the past decade from the military's experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq are sustained and built upon for future combat operations and translated into the U.S. civilian system.