Conceptual And Ethical Challenges Of Evolutionary Medicine

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Conceptual and Ethical Challenges of Evolutionary Medicine

Ozan Altinok
Conceptual and Ethical Challenges of Evolutionary Medicine Book PDF

Author : Ozan Altinok
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-12-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783031457661

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Conceptual and Ethical Challenges of Evolutionary Medicine by Ozan Altinok Pdf

This book analyses the concept of disease, as defined in the context of evolutionary medicine. Upon introducing the reader to evolutionary medicine in its current form and describing its approach to disease instances, the book leverages thoughts and instruments of knowledge of epistemology, social sciences, and ethics to answer the question: “How can we build a timely and appropriate concept of disease?” At first, it looks at the social concerns of medicalization, for example focusing on the suffering of people who have not been diagnosed, or whose suffering is not caused by certain elements that falls under the definitions of disease. In turn, it merges different, both conceptual and empirical considerations in one comprehensive analysis, with the aim of fostering a multidisciplinary understanding of the phenomenon of disease. This book also highlights certain kinds of epistemic injustices that are taking place in the healthcare system, as this is currently conceived in post-industrial societies, thus offering a timely contribution to the current debate around social justice in healthcare.

Evolutionary Biology

R. Paul Thompson,Denis Walsh
Evolutionary Biology Book PDF

Author : R. Paul Thompson,Denis Walsh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2014-05-28
Category : Biology
ISBN : 1139865110

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Evolutionary Biology by R. Paul Thompson,Denis Walsh Pdf

This volume explores the philosophical and biological richness of twenty-first-century evolution: its concepts, methods, structure and religious implications.

Evolutionary Biology

R. Paul Thompson
Evolutionary Biology Book PDF

Author : R. Paul Thompson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Biology
ISBN : 1139860836

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Evolutionary Biology by R. Paul Thompson Pdf

This volume explores the philosophical and biological richness of twenty-first-century evolution: its concepts, methods, structure and religious implications.

Principles of Evolutionary Medicine

Peter D. Gluckman,Alan Beedle,Tatjana Buklijas,Felicia Low,Mark A. Hanson
Principles of Evolutionary Medicine Book PDF

Author : Peter D. Gluckman,Alan Beedle,Tatjana Buklijas,Felicia Low,Mark A. Hanson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199663927

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Principles of Evolutionary Medicine by Peter D. Gluckman,Alan Beedle,Tatjana Buklijas,Felicia Low,Mark A. Hanson Pdf

This is the first integrated and comprehensive textbook to explain the principles of evolutionary biology from a medical perspective and to focus on how medicine and public health might utilise evolutionary biology.

Evolutionary Biology

R. Paul Thompson,Denis Walsh
Evolutionary Biology Book PDF

Author : R. Paul Thompson,Denis Walsh
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 1316649679

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Evolutionary Biology by R. Paul Thompson,Denis Walsh Pdf

Evolution - both the fact that it occurred and the theory describing the mechanisms by which it occurred - is an intrinsic and central component in modern biology. Theodosius Dobzhansky captures this well in the much-quoted title of his 1973 paper 'Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution'. The correctness of this assertion is even more obvious today: philosophers of biology and biologists agree that the fact of evolution is undeniable and that the theory of evolution explains that fact. Such a theory has far-reaching implications. In this volume, eleven distinguished scholars address the conceptual, metaphysical and epistemological richness of the theory and its ethical and religious impact, exploring topics including DNA barcoding, three grand challenges of human evolution, functionalism, historicity, design, evolution and development, and religion and secular humanism. The volume will be of great interest to those studying philosophy of biology and evolutionary biology.

Rethinking Health Care Ethics

Stephen Scher,Kasia Kozlowska
Rethinking Health Care Ethics Book PDF

Author : Stephen Scher,Kasia Kozlowska
Publisher : Springer
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2018-08-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789811308307

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Rethinking Health Care Ethics by Stephen Scher,Kasia Kozlowska Pdf

​The goal of this open access book is to develop an approach to clinical health care ethics that is more accessible to, and usable by, health professionals than the now-dominant approaches that focus, for example, on the application of ethical principles. The book elaborates the view that health professionals have the emotional and intellectual resources to discuss and address ethical issues in clinical health care without needing to rely on the expertise of bioethicists. The early chapters review the history of bioethics and explain how academics from outside health care came to dominate the field of health care ethics, both in professional schools and in clinical health care. The middle chapters elaborate a series of concepts, drawn from philosophy and the social sciences, that set the stage for developing a framework that builds upon the individual moral experience of health professionals, that explains the discontinuities between the demands of bioethics and the experience and perceptions of health professionals, and that enables the articulation of a full theory of clinical ethics with clinicians themselves as the foundation. Against that background, the first of three chapters on professional education presents a general framework for teaching clinical ethics; the second discusses how to integrate ethics into formal health care curricula; and the third addresses the opportunities for teaching available in clinical settings. The final chapter, "Empowering Clinicians", brings together the various dimensions of the argument and anticipates potential questions about the framework developed in earlier chapters.

Evolutionary Ethics

Matthew H. Nitecki,Doris V. Nitecki
Evolutionary Ethics Book PDF

Author : Matthew H. Nitecki,Doris V. Nitecki
Publisher : State University of New York Press
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1993-07-16
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781438414775

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Evolutionary Ethics by Matthew H. Nitecki,Doris V. Nitecki Pdf

This volume analyzes the biological and philosophical disagreements in evolutionary ethics and points out difficulties with the interpretations. The book is divided into four sections. The first is an historical introduction to the origin of evolutionary ethics, showing how different evolutionary ethics was a hundred years ago, and how distant Huxley is from most of us now. The second section argues for a sociobiological interpretation of evolutionary ethics. The third section presents the view opposite to that of the second section and rejects the sociobiological interpretation. The fourth section deals objectively with many complex and fundamental issues from diverse perspectives.

Too Conscientious: The Evolution of Ethical Challenges to Professionalism in the American Medical Marketplace

Douglas E. Lemley
Too Conscientious The Evolution of Ethical Challenges to Professionalism in the American Medical Marketplace Book PDF

Author : Douglas E. Lemley
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-02-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030968595

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Too Conscientious: The Evolution of Ethical Challenges to Professionalism in the American Medical Marketplace by Douglas E. Lemley Pdf

This book addresses the fundamental conflict of interest that physicians face in their daily work lives between the ethics of proper medical care versus the demands of standard business practices. However, unlike other books of this sort, this one places direct responsibility for this ethical dilemma upon the shoulders of physicians themselves. Taking ethical, legal, and business perspectives into account, the book traces the historically evolving response of American physicians to ever-increasing business interests within the profession. These financial concerns now have become intrinsic not only to the practice of medicine but seemingly also to the character of a growing segment of its practitioners. The book offers a plea for a change to a more socialized healthcare system as used in other advanced nations.

Assessing Genetic Risks

Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks
Assessing Genetic Risks Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309047982

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Assessing Genetic Risks by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks Pdf

Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.

Paleofantasy: What Evolution Really Tells Us about Sex, Diet, and How We Live

Marlene Zuk
Paleofantasy What Evolution Really Tells Us about Sex Diet and How We Live Book PDF

Author : Marlene Zuk
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780393089868

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Paleofantasy: What Evolution Really Tells Us about Sex, Diet, and How We Live by Marlene Zuk Pdf

“With…evidence from recent genetic and anthropological research, [Zuk] offers a dose of paleoreality.” —Erin Wayman, Science News We evolved to eat berries rather than bagels, to live in mud huts rather than condos, to sprint barefoot rather than play football—or did we? Are our bodies and brains truly at odds with modern life? Although it may seem as though we have barely had time to shed our hunter-gatherer legacy, biologist Marlene Zuk reveals that the story is not so simple. Popular theories about how our ancestors lived—and why we should emulate them—are often based on speculation, not scientific evidence. Armed with a razor-sharp wit and brilliant, eye-opening research, Zuk takes us to the cutting edge of biology to show that evolution can work much faster than was previously realized, meaning that we are not biologically the same as our caveman ancestors. Contrary to what the glossy magazines would have us believe, we do not enjoy potato chips because they crunch just like the insects our forebears snacked on. And women don’t go into shoe-shopping frenzies because their prehistoric foremothers gathered resources for their clans. As Zuk compellingly argues, such beliefs incorrectly assume that we’re stuck—finished evolving—and have been for tens of thousands of years. She draws on fascinating evidence that examines everything from adults’ ability to drink milk to the texture of our ear wax to show that we’ve actually never stopped evolving. Our nostalgic visions of an ideal evolutionary past in which we ate, lived, and reproduced as we were “meant to” fail to recognize that we were never perfectly suited to our environment. Evolution is about change, and every organism is full of trade-offs. From debunking the caveman diet to unraveling gender stereotypes, Zuk delivers an engrossing analysis of widespread paleofantasies and the scientific evidence that undermines them, all the while broadening our understanding of our origins and what they can really tell us about our present and our future.

In Defense of an Evolutionary Concept of Health

Mahesh Ananth
In Defense of an Evolutionary Concept of Health Book PDF

Author : Mahesh Ananth
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351155823

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In Defense of an Evolutionary Concept of Health by Mahesh Ananth Pdf

One of the most controversial contemporary debates on the concept of health is the clash between the views of naturalists and normativists. Naturalists argue that, although health can be valued or disvalued, the concept of health is itself objective and value-free. In contrast, normativists argue that health is a contextual and value-laden concept, and that there is no possibility of a value-free understanding of health. This debate has fueled many of the, often very acrimonious, disputations arising from the claims of health, disease and disability activists and charities and the public policy responses to them. In responding to this debate, Ananth both surveys the existing literature, with special focus on the work of Christopher Boorse, and argues that a naturalistic concept of health, drawing on evolutionary considerations associated with biological function, homeostasis, and species-design, is defensible without jettisoning norms in their entirety.

Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children

Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Clinical Research Involving Children
Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Clinical Research Involving Children
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2004-07-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309133388

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Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Clinical Research Involving Children Pdf

In recent decades, advances in biomedical research have helped save or lengthen the lives of children around the world. With improved therapies, child and adolescent mortality rates have decreased significantly in the last half century. Despite these advances, pediatricians and others argue that children have not shared equally with adults in biomedical advances. Even though we want children to benefit from the dramatic and accelerating rate of progress in medical care that has been fueled by scientific research, we do not want to place children at risk of being harmed by participating in clinical studies. Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children considers the necessities and challenges of this type of research and reviews the ethical and legal standards for conducting it. It also considers problems with the interpretation and application of these standards and conduct, concluding that while children should not be excluded from potentially beneficial clinical studies, some research that is ethically permissible for adults is not acceptable for children, who usually do not have the legal capacity or maturity to make informed decisions about research participation. The book looks at the need for appropriate pediatric expertise at all stages of the design, review, and conduct of a research project to effectively implement policies to protect children. It argues persuasively that a robust system for protecting human research participants in general is a necessary foundation for protecting child research participants in particular.

Public Health Ethics and the Social Determinants of Health

Daniel S. Goldberg
Public Health Ethics and the Social Determinants of Health Book PDF

Author : Daniel S. Goldberg
Publisher : Springer
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-11-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319513478

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Public Health Ethics and the Social Determinants of Health by Daniel S. Goldberg Pdf

This progressive resource places concepts of social determinants of health in the larger contexts of contemporary health ethics and the evolution of social reform. It provides needed analysis of the larger causes behind the immediate causes of illness and epidemics, particularly injustice, systemic inequities, and the cumulative effect of compound disadvantages. This moral approach to collective and individual responsibilities—on the part of practitioners as well as the public—supports a sound blueprint for finding answers to longstanding global and local concerns. Readers are challenged to recognize the critical role of social determinants to their perception of health issues, controversies, and possibilities as the book: · Details the epidemiologic evidence regarding social determinants of health. · Key ethical implications of the evidence regarding social determinants of health. · Considers the role of risky health behaviors in determining population health outcomes. · Addresses ethical questions of priority-setting at the policy and practice levels. · Translates social determinants of health into health policy goals. Half textbook, half monograph, Public Health Ethics and the Social Determinants of Health Is geared toward students in MPH programs as well as public health professionals in diverse contexts such as local health departments and non-profit organizations. It informs public health scientists and scholars, and can also serve as an introductory text for students in public health ethics, or as part of a general applied ethics course.

Ethical Issues in Neurology

James L. Bernat
Ethical Issues in Neurology Book PDF

Author : James L. Bernat
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0781790603

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Ethical Issues in Neurology by James L. Bernat Pdf

Written by an eminent authority from the American Academy of Neurology's Committee on Ethics, Law, and Humanities, this book is an excellent text for all clinicians interested in ethical decision-making. The book features outstanding presentations on dying and palliative care, physician-assisted suicide and voluntary active euthanasia, medical futility, and the relationship between ethics and the law. New chapters in this edition discuss how clinicians resolve ethical dilemmas in practice and explore ethical issues in neuroscience research. Other highlights include updated material on palliative sedation, advance directives, ICU withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy, gene therapy, the very-low-birth-weight premature infant, the developmentally disabled patient, informed consent, organizational ethics, brain death controversies, and fMRI and PET studies relating to persistent vegetative state.

For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care

Institute of Medicine,Committee on Implications of For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care
For Profit Enterprise in Health Care Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Implications of For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 580 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1986-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309036436

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For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Implications of For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care Pdf

"[This book is] the most authoritative assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of recent trends toward the commercialization of health care," says Robert Pear of The New York Times. This major study by the Institute of Medicine examines virtually all aspects of for-profit health care in the United States, including the quality and availability of health care, the cost of medical care, access to financial capital, implications for education and research, and the fiduciary role of the physician. In addition to the report, the book contains 15 papers by experts in the field of for-profit health care covering a broad range of topicsâ€"from trends in the growth of major investor-owned hospital companies to the ethical issues in for-profit health care. "The report makes a lasting contribution to the health policy literature." â€"Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law.