Conceptualizing The Ubiquity Of Informal Economy Work

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Conceptualizing the Ubiquity of Informal Economy Work

Errol D’Souza
Conceptualizing the Ubiquity of Informal Economy Work Book PDF

Author : Errol D’Souza
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2020-08-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811574283

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Conceptualizing the Ubiquity of Informal Economy Work by Errol D’Souza Pdf

This book provides a framework to understand the disregarded aspect of emerging market growth which is informal employment. Informal employment in unregistered enterprises or of workers without employment contracts or social protection contributions constitutes 88 per cent of employment in India and is a ubiquitous feature of the economy. A large proportion of informal employment (86 per cent) is self-employment and this category of employment has been neglected in the literature on work and development which has focused instead on wage employment that is a contract for work with another person or enterprise. Another striking feature of such economies which the book engages with is that, as they have liberalized, informal employment in the registered enterprises or formal part of the economy has grown. The informal sector has been analyzed by recourse to two major approaches. One is a public economics framework that underlines how informal enterprises evolve as they trade-off reduced access to public services such as contract enforcement with the payment of taxes and regulatory compliances. This book extends this literature by focusing on the access to formal sector credit and its potential for financing productive enterprises as a factor that is considered when an enterprise contemplates whether to incorporate or not. The second leg of the literature takes a labour perspective and emphasizes mandated labour costs such as hiring and firing costs, benefits, and minimum wages as considerations when deciding on whether to engage labour on a formal or informal basis. The book broadens this literature by taking into account how the human capital of workers and the monitoring costs of ensuring that workers are adhering to the terms of negotiated contracts inform the decision with regard to informality. The book will resonate with those academics and policy makers who are engaged with the conundrums of development.

Informal Work in Developed Nations

Enrico Marcelli,Colin C. Williams,Pascale Joassart
Informal Work in Developed Nations Book PDF

Author : Enrico Marcelli,Colin C. Williams,Pascale Joassart
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2009-09-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135219963

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Informal Work in Developed Nations by Enrico Marcelli,Colin C. Williams,Pascale Joassart Pdf

The authors of this volume take the orthodox view of 'informal work' and dismantle it piece by piece, presenting an analysis of the extent to which this phenomenon plays a significant role in developing countries across the world.

Workers and the Global Informal Economy

Supriya Routh,Vando Borghi
Workers and the Global Informal Economy Book PDF

Author : Supriya Routh,Vando Borghi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317445258

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Workers and the Global Informal Economy by Supriya Routh,Vando Borghi Pdf

The global financial crisis and subsequent increase in social inequality has led in many cases to a redrawing of the boundaries between formal and informal work. This interdisciplinary volume explores the role of informal work in today’s global economy, presenting economic, legal, sociological, historical, anthropological, political and cultural perspectives on the topic. Workers and the Global Informal Economy explores varying definitions of informality in the backdrop of neo-liberal market logic, exploring how it manifests itself in different regions around the world, and its relationship with formal work. This volume demonstrates how neo-liberalism has been instrumental in accelerating informality and has resulted in the increasingly precarious position of the informal worker. Using different methodological approaches and regional focuses, this book considers key questions such as whether workers exercise choice over their work; how constrained such choices are; how social norms shape such choices; how work affects their well-being and agency; and what role culture plays in the determination of informality. This interdisciplinary collection will be of interest to policy-makers and researchers engaging with informality from different disciplinary and regional perspectives.

Development Centre Studies Is Informal Normal ? Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries

Jütting Johannes,de Laiglesia Juan Ramón
Development Centre Studies Is Informal Normal Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : Jütting Johannes,de Laiglesia Juan Ramón
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 167 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2009-03-24
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264059245

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Development Centre Studies Is Informal Normal ? Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries by Jütting Johannes,de Laiglesia Juan Ramón Pdf

Provides evidence for policy makers on how to deal with informal employment in developing and developed countries alike.

The Informal Economy

Ioana Horodnic,Peter Rodgers,Colin Williams,Legha Momtazian
The Informal Economy Book PDF

Author : Ioana Horodnic,Peter Rodgers,Colin Williams,Legha Momtazian
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351655316

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The Informal Economy by Ioana Horodnic,Peter Rodgers,Colin Williams,Legha Momtazian Pdf

During much of the twentieth century, informal employment and entrepreneurship was commonly depicted as a residue from a previous era. Its continuing presence was seen to be a sign of "backwardness" whilst the formal economy represented "progress". In recent decades, however, numerous studies have revealed not only that informal employment is extensive and persistent but also that it is growing relative to formal employment in many populations. Whilst in the developing world, the informal economy is often found to be the mainstream economy, nevertheless, in the developed world too, informality is currently still estimated to account for notable per cent of GDP. The Informal Economy: Exploring Drivers and Practices intends to engage with these issues, providing a much-need ‘contextualised’ approach to explain the persistence and growth of forms of informal economic practices and entrepreneurial activities in the twenty-first century. Using a diverse range of empirical case studies from Europe, Africa, North Africa and Asia, this book unpacks the different varieties of forms of informal work and entrepreneurship and provides a critical analysis of existing theorisations used to explain such phenomena. This book’s aim is to examine the nature and persistence of informal work and entrepreneurship, across a variety of empirical settings, from within the developed world, the developing world and within transformation economies within post-socialist spaces. Given its worldwide, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach and recent interest in the informal economies by a number of disciplines and organisations, this book will be of vital reading to those operating in the fields of: Economics, political economy and management, Human and economic geography and Economic anthropology and sociology as well as development studies

Measuring the Informal Economy

Mr.Gabriel Quiros-Romero,Mr.Thomas F Alexander,Ms.Jennifer Ribarsky
Measuring the Informal Economy Book PDF

Author : Mr.Gabriel Quiros-Romero,Mr.Thomas F Alexander,Ms.Jennifer Ribarsky
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-02-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513568249

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Measuring the Informal Economy by Mr.Gabriel Quiros-Romero,Mr.Thomas F Alexander,Ms.Jennifer Ribarsky Pdf

This paper proposes a framework for measuring the informal economy that is consistent with internationally agreed concepts and methodology for measuring GDP. Based on the proposed framework, the informal economy “comprises production of informal sector units, production of goods for own final use, production of domestic workers, and production generated by informal employment in formal enterprises.” This proposed framework will facilitate preparation of estimates of the informal economy as a component of GDP.

Development Centre Studies Tackling Vulnerability in the Informal Economy

OECD,International Labour Organization
Development Centre Studies Tackling Vulnerability in the Informal Economy Book PDF

Author : OECD,International Labour Organization
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2019-05-21
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264613201

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Development Centre Studies Tackling Vulnerability in the Informal Economy by OECD,International Labour Organization Pdf

A majority of workers in the world are informally employed and contribute to economic and social development through market and non-market activities that are not protected, regulated, well-recognised or valued. This study provides an in-depth diagnosis of informality and the vulnerability prevailing in the informal economy. It explores new ideas to improve the lives of workers in the informal economy based on the ILO indicators of informality and the new OECD Key Indicators of Informality based on Individuals and their Household (KIIbIH).

The Job Ladder

Gary S. Fields,John P Windmuller Professor of International and Comparative Labor and Professor of Economics Gary S Fields,Professor of Economics and Affiliate Professor of Public Policy T H Gindling,T. H. Gindling,Kunal Sen,Michael Danquah,Simone Schotte
The Job Ladder Book PDF

Author : Gary S. Fields,John P Windmuller Professor of International and Comparative Labor and Professor of Economics Gary S Fields,Professor of Economics and Affiliate Professor of Public Policy T H Gindling,T. H. Gindling,Kunal Sen,Michael Danquah,Simone Schotte
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2023-03-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780192867339

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The Job Ladder by Gary S. Fields,John P Windmuller Professor of International and Comparative Labor and Professor of Economics Gary S Fields,Professor of Economics and Affiliate Professor of Public Policy T H Gindling,T. H. Gindling,Kunal Sen,Michael Danquah,Simone Schotte Pdf

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Based on studies of a range of countries in the Global South, this book examines heterogeneity within informal work by applying a common conceptual framework and empirical methodology. The country studies use panel data to study the dynamics of worker transitions between formal and heterogeneous informal work and present a comparative perspective across developing countries in Asia, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and North Africa and the Middle East. Each study provides a nuanced view of informality, dividing workers into six work statuses: formal wage-employees, upper-tier informal wage-employees, lower-tier informal wage employees, formal self-employed, and upper-tier informal self-employed. Based on this common conceptual framework, the country studies examine the distribution of workers across each of these work statuses, and document transition patterns across different formality and work statuses. The panel data analysed in each country study provide a basis for making statements about labour market transitions that are not warranted when using comparable cross-sections. The studies also examine the individual- and household-level characteristics associated with workers in each work status. Using these characteristics, each study constructs a 'job ladder' that ranks each work status, and then examines the characteristics of workers that are associated with transitions up (and down) the job ladder.

Informal Employment in Emerging and Transition Economies

Solomon W. Polachek,Konstantinos Tatsiramos
Informal Employment in Emerging and Transition Economies Book PDF

Author : Solomon W. Polachek,Konstantinos Tatsiramos
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012-04-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781780527864

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Informal Employment in Emerging and Transition Economies by Solomon W. Polachek,Konstantinos Tatsiramos Pdf

Informality and informal employment are wide-spread and growing phenomena in all regions of the world, particularly in low and middle income economies. This volume sheds light on the incidence and persistence of informality and the role of institutions and government regulations, and offers insights into issues such as how labor and tax regulations

The Long Shadow of Informality

Franziska Ohnsorge,Shu Yu
The Long Shadow of Informality Book PDF

Author : Franziska Ohnsorge,Shu Yu
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2022-02-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464817540

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The Long Shadow of Informality by Franziska Ohnsorge,Shu Yu Pdf

A large percentage of workers and firms operate in the informal economy, outside the line of sight of governments in emerging market and developing economies. This may hold back the recovery in these economies from the deep recessions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic--unless governments adopt a broad set of policies to address the challenges of widespread informality. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the extent of informality and its implications for a durable economic recovery and for long-term development. It finds that pervasive informality is associated with significantly weaker economic outcomes--including lower government resources to combat recessions, lower per capita incomes, greater poverty, less financial development, and weaker investment and productivity.

On Defining and Measuring the Informal Sector

Andrew Henley,G. Reza Arabsheibani,Francisco Galrão Carneiro
On Defining and Measuring the Informal Sector Book PDF

Author : Andrew Henley,G. Reza Arabsheibani,Francisco Galrão Carneiro
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Empleo informal
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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On Defining and Measuring the Informal Sector by Andrew Henley,G. Reza Arabsheibani,Francisco Galrão Carneiro Pdf

"A range of alternative empirical definitions of informal activity have been employed in the literature. Choice of definition is often dictated by data availability. Different definitions may imply very different conceptual understandings of informality. In this paper the authors investigate the degree of congruence between three definitions of informality based on employment contract registration, social security protection, and the characteristics of the employer and employment using Brazilian household survey data for the period 1992 to 2001. The authors present evidence showing that 64 percent of the economically active population are informal according to at least one definition, but only 40 percent are informal according to all three. Steady compositional changes have been taking place among informal workers, conditional on definition.

The Informal Economy

Ceyhun Elgin
The Informal Economy Book PDF

Author : Ceyhun Elgin
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000163810

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The Informal Economy by Ceyhun Elgin Pdf

The Informal Economy: Measures, Causes, and Consequences provides a comprehensive account of the economics of informality through the lenses of various economic perspectives. Although informal economic activity is widespread all around the world, many issues around its nature and consequences remain largely under-explored or unresolved. Most importantly, the evidence presented in the existing literature on informality has failed to generate a consensus on the measurements, causes, and effects of the informal sector among researchers. Most, if not all, of the empirical results are inconclusive or dependent on the nature of the dataset used in the analysis. This book aims to address that gap by exploring different definitions and measures of the informal economy, including different perspectives, then subjecting these measures to a battery of empirical tests to examine the determinants and effects of informality. Through this analysis and an extensive review of the literature, the book explores many of the economic, political, and social factors of the informal economy including the relationship between informality and the tax burden, tax enforcement, and institutional quality. This key text makes for compulsive reading to scholars and students interested in the informal or shadow economy.

Informal Employment in the Advanced Economies

Colin C. Williams,Janice Windebank
Informal Employment in the Advanced Economies Book PDF

Author : Colin C. Williams,Janice Windebank
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0415169593

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Informal Employment in the Advanced Economies by Colin C. Williams,Janice Windebank Pdf

This book challenges many of the popular myths surrounding informal economic activities, offering a radical reconceptualisation of their extent, growth, location and nature as well as evaluating the contrasting policy options.

Informal Economy Centrestage

Renana Jhabvala,Ratna M Sudarshan,Jeemol Unni
Informal Economy Centrestage Book PDF

Author : Renana Jhabvala,Ratna M Sudarshan,Jeemol Unni
Publisher : SAGE Publications Pvt. Limited
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2003-10-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105111902461

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Informal Economy Centrestage by Renana Jhabvala,Ratna M Sudarshan,Jeemol Unni Pdf

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Informality Trends and Cycles

Norman Loayza,Jamele Rigolini
Informality Trends and Cycles Book PDF

Author : Norman Loayza,Jamele Rigolini
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Active Labor
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Informality Trends and Cycles by Norman Loayza,Jamele Rigolini Pdf

This paper studies the trends and cycles of informal employment. It first presents a theoretical model where the size of informal employment is determined by the relative costs and benefits of informality and the distribution of workers' skills. In the long run, informal employment varies with the trends in these variables, and in the short run it reacts to accommodate transient shocks and to close the gap that separates it from its trend level. The paper then uses an error-correction framework to examine empirically informality's long- and short-run relationships. For this purpose, it uses country-level data at annual frequency for a sample of industrial and developing countries, with the share of self-employment in the labor force as the proxy for informal employment. The paper finds that, in the long run, informality is larger in countries that have lower GDP per capita and impose more costs to formal firms in the form of more rigid business regulations, less valuable police and judicial services, and weaker monitoring of informality. In the short run, informal employment is found to be counter-cyclical for the majority of countries, with the degree of counter-cyclicality being lower in countries with larger informal employment and better police and judicial services. Moreover, informal employment follows a stable, trend-reverting process. These results are robust to changes in the sample and to the influence of outliers, even when only developing countries are considered in the analysis.