Contaminants In The Subsurface

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Source Removal of Contaminants in the Subsurface
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2005-04-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309094474

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Contaminants in the Subsurface by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Source Removal of Contaminants in the Subsurface Pdf

At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Source Removal of Contaminants in the Subsurface
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2005-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309133487

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Contaminants in the Subsurface by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Source Removal of Contaminants in the Subsurface Pdf

At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.

Author : Brian Berkowitz,Ishai Dror,Bruno Yaron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business
Page : 577 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2014-04-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642547775

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Contaminant Geochemistry by Brian Berkowitz,Ishai Dror,Bruno Yaron Pdf

In this updated and expanded second edition, new literature has been added on contaminant fate in the soil-subsurface environment. In particular, more data on the behavior of inorganic contaminants and on engineered nanomaterials were included, the latter comprising a group of “emerging contaminants” that may reach the soil and subsurface zones. New chapters are devoted to a new perspective of contaminant geochemistry, namely irreversible changes in pristine land and subsurface systems following chemical contamination. Two chapters were added on this topic, focusing attention on the impact of chemical contaminants on the matrix and properties of both liquid and solid phases of soil and subsurface domains. Contaminant impacts on irreversible changes occurring in groundwater are discussed and their irreversible changes on the porous medium solid phase are surveyed. In contrast to the geological time scale controlling natural changes of porous media liquid and solid phases, the time scale associated with chemical pollutant induced changes is far shorter and extends over a “human lifetime scale”.

Author : Pankaj Kumar Gupta,Ram Naresh Bharagava
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811565649

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Fate and Transport of Subsurface Pollutants by Pankaj Kumar Gupta,Ram Naresh Bharagava Pdf

This volume offers detailed information on the behaviour of various water pollutants, and on the principles and concepts of groundwater flow and transport. It will help readers to understand and execute the planning, supervision, and review of solute transport and groundwater modeling projects. The book also discusses the role and fate of elements that have been identified as major contaminants in surface and subsurface waters, and their adverse effects on ecology and human health. The book explores this theme throughout four sections – a. Understanding Soil-Water Systems, b. Fate and Transport of Pollutants, c. Physico-Chemical Treatment of Wastewater and d. Microbial Techniques Used to Decontaminate Soil-Water Systems. Introducing readers to a range of recent advances concerning the fundamentals of subsurface water treatment, it offers a valuable guide for teachers, researchers, policymakers, and undergraduate and graduate students of hydrology, environmental microbiology, biotechnology and the environmental sciences. It also provides field engineers and industrial practitioners with essential support in the effective remediation and management of polluted sites.

Author : Brian Berkowitz,Ishai Dror,Bruno Yaron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2008-03-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540743828

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Contaminant Geochemistry by Brian Berkowitz,Ishai Dror,Bruno Yaron Pdf

Combining earth science, subsurface hydrology and environmental geochemistry, this book provides a comprehensive background for those interested in the protection and sustainable management of the subsurface environment. The reader is introduced to the chemistry of contaminants, which usually disturb the natural equilibrium in the subsurface as a result of human activity. One focus of the book is on contaminant reactions in soil solutions. Discussions on case studies are provided.

Author : David A. Sabatini
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UOM:39015020838259

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Transport and Remediation of Subsurface Contaminants by David A. Sabatini Pdf

Transport and remediation of subsurface contaminants: introduction; Colloid deposition in porous media and an evaluation of bed-media cleaning techniques; Deposition of colloids in porous media: theory and numerical solution; Surface-charge repulsive effects on the mobility of inorganic colloids in subsurface systems; Colloid transport and the gas-water interface in porous media; Colloid remediation in groundwater by polyelectrolyte; Removal of chromate from aqueous strems by ultrafiltration and precipitation; Potential for bacterial remediation of waste sites containing selenium or lead; Heap leaching as a solvent-extraction technique for remediation of metals-contaminated soils; Factors affecting surfactant performance in groundwater remediation applicationsInfluence of surfactant sorption on capillary pressure-saturation relationships; Surfactant-enchanced solubilization of tetrachloroethylene and degradation products in pump and treat remediation; Solubilization and biodegradation of Hydrophobic organic compounds in soil-aqueous systems with nonionic surfactants; sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds and nonionic surfactants with subsurface materials; Field tests of surfactant flooding: mobility control of dense nonaqueous-phase liquids; Landfill leachate effects on transport of organic substances in aquifer materials; Clay and immiscible organic liquids: greater capillary trapping of the organic phase; Exposure assessmnet modeling for hydrocarbon spills into the subsurface: sensitivity to soil properties.

Author : Warren J. Lyman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2020-11-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000158113

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Mobility and Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Subsurface Environments by Warren J. Lyman Pdf

This book identifies the most important "rules" governing transport, partitioning, retention and transformation of leaked motor fuels in the underground environment. It examines micro-scale fate and transport processes as a means toward promoting a better understanding of larger scale movement of contaminants. Environmental scientists, engineers, consultants, and managers will find Mobility and Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Subsurface Environments to be a useful technical handbook. Less experienced users will appreciate its in-depth explanations of the fate and transport processes vital to effective remedial response. More experienced users will use the book as a source of information, data and equations to support quantitative assessments of pollutant fate and transport.

Author : National Research Council,Water Science and Technology Board,Board on Radioactive Waste Management,U.S. Department of Energy's Environmental Management Science Program
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2000-04-13
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309066464

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Research Needs in Subsurface Science by National Research Council,Water Science and Technology Board,Board on Radioactive Waste Management,U.S. Department of Energy's Environmental Management Science Program Pdf

Research Needs in Subsurface Science provides an overview of the subsurface contamination problems across the DOE complex and shows by examples from the six largest DOE sites (Hanford Site, Idaho Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Nevada Test Site, Oak Ridge Reservation, Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, and Savannah River Site) how advances in scientific and engineering knowledge can improve the effectiveness of the cleanup effort. This report analyzes the current Environmental Management (EM) Science Program portfolio of subsurface research projects to assess the extent to which the program is focused on DOE's contamination problems. This analysis employs an organizing scheme that provides a direct linkage between basic research in the EM Science Program and applied technology development in DOE's Subsurface Contaminants Focus Area. Research Needs in Subsurface Science also reviews related research programs in other DOE offices and other federal agencies (see Chapter 4) to determine the extent to which they are focused on DOE's subsurface contamination problems. On the basis of these analyses, this report singles out the highly significant subsurface contamination knowledge gaps and research needs that the EM Science Program must address if the DOE cleanup program is to succeed.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Future Options for Management in the Nation's Subsurface Remediation Effort
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2013-02-27
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309278133

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Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Future Options for Management in the Nation's Subsurface Remediation Effort Pdf

Across the United States, thousands of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with chemicals that prevent the underlying groundwater from meeting drinking water standards. These include Superfund sites and other facilities that handle and dispose of hazardous waste, active and inactive dry cleaners, and leaking underground storage tanks; many are at federal facilities such as military installations. While many sites have been closed over the past 30 years through cleanup programs run by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. EPA, and other state and federal agencies, the remaining caseload is much more difficult to address because the nature of the contamination and subsurface conditions make it difficult to achieve drinking water standards in the affected groundwater. Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites estimates that at least 126,000 sites across the U.S. still have contaminated groundwater, and their closure is expected to cost at least $110 billion to $127 billion. About 10 percent of these sites are considered "complex," meaning restoration is unlikely to be achieved in the next 50 to 100 years due to technological limitations. At sites where contaminant concentrations have plateaued at levels above cleanup goals despite active efforts, the report recommends evaluating whether the sites should transition to long-term management, where risks would be monitored and harmful exposures prevented, but at reduced costs.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Ground Water Cleanup Alternatives
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1994-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309049948

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Alternatives for Ground Water Cleanup by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Ground Water Cleanup Alternatives Pdf

There may be nearly 300,000 waste sites in the United States where ground water and soil are contaminated. Yet recent studies question whether existing technologies can restore contaminated ground water to drinking water standards, which is the goal for most sites and the result expected by the public. How can the nation balance public health, technological realities, and cost when addressing ground water cleanup? This new volume offers specific conclusions, outlines research needs, and recommends policies that are technologically sound while still protecting health and the environment. Authored by the top experts from industry and academia, this volume: Examines how the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the subsurface environment, as well as the properties of contaminants, complicate the cleanup task. Reviews the limitations of widely used conventional pump-and-treat cleanup systems, including detailed case studies. Evaluates a range of innovative cleanup technologies and the barriers to their full implementation. Presents specific recommendations for policies and practices in evaluating contamination sites, in choosing remediation technologies, and in setting appropriate cleanup goals.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Groundwater
ISBN : IND:30000119772709

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Seminar on Transport and Fate of Contaminants in the Subsurface by Anonim Pdf

Author : Joseph M. Suflita
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 12 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Anaerobic bacteria
ISBN : MINN:31951D01128099F

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Anaerobic Biotransformation of Contaminants in the Subsurface by Joseph M. Suflita Pdf

Author : Manish Kumar,Sanjeeb Mohapatra,Kishor Acharya
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2022-06-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000551044

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Contaminants of Emerging Concerns and Reigning Removal Technologies by Manish Kumar,Sanjeeb Mohapatra,Kishor Acharya Pdf

With an increased demand for wastewater reuse, groundwater recharge with treated wastewater has been practiced across the globe. As a result, groundwater quality deteriorates by emerging micropollutants from various anthropogenic origins, including untreated wastewater, seepage of landfill leachate, and runoff from agricultural lands. The fate of such emerging and geogenic contaminants in subsurface systems, especially in the groundwater, depends on several factors. Physicochemical properties of contaminants such as octanol-water partition coefficient, dissociation constant, water solubility, susceptibility to biodegradation under anaerobic conditions, and environmental persistence under diverse geological and pH conditions play a critical role during subsurface mass flow. Thus, advanced wastewater treatment techniques, followed by implementing stricter guidelines, are some of the measures that can safeguard water resources. This book, in general, gives an understanding of the fate and mitigation strategies for emerging and geogenic contaminants in the groundwater. The first and second sections provide a detailed insight into various removal techniques and mitigation approaches. Possible treatment strategies, including bioremediation and natural attenuation, are also covered in those sections. Environmental assessment, groundwater vulnerability, health effects, and regulations pertaining to various contaminants are systematically presented in the third section.

Author : Pankaj Kumar Gupta,Basant Yadav,Sushil Kumar Himanshu
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2021-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128238448

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Advances in Remediation Techniques for Polluted Soils and Groundwater by Pankaj Kumar Gupta,Basant Yadav,Sushil Kumar Himanshu Pdf

Advances in Remediation Techniques for Polluted Soils and Groundwater focuses on the thematic areas for assessment, mitigation, and management of polluted sites. This book covers advances in modelling approaches, including Machine Learning (ML)/ Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications; GIS and remote sensing; sensors; impacts of climate change on geogenic contaminants; and socio-economic impacts in the poor rural and urban areas, which are lacking in a more comprehensive manner in the previous titles. This book encompasses updated information as well as future directions for researchers working in the field of management and remediation of polluted sites. Introduces fate and transport of multi-pollutants under varying subsurface conditions Details underlying mechanisms of biodegradation and biodetoxification of geogenic, industrial and emerging pollutants Presents recent advances and challenges in assessment, water quality modeling, uncertainty, and water supply management Provides authoritative contributions on the diverse aspects of management and remediation from leading experts around the world

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Technologies for Cleanup of Subsurface Contaminants in the DOE Weapons Complex
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1999-11-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309065498

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Groundwater and Soil Cleanup by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Technologies for Cleanup of Subsurface Contaminants in the DOE Weapons Complex Pdf

This book presents a comprehensive, up-to-date review of technologies for cleaning up contaminants in groundwater and soil. It provides a special focus on three classes of contaminants that have proven very difficult to treat once released to the subsurface: metals, radionuclides, and dense nonaqueous-phase liquids such as chlorinated solvents. Groundwater and Soil Cleanup was commissioned by the Department of Energy (DOE) as part of its program to clean up contamination in the nuclear weapons production complex. In addition to a review of remediation technologies, the book describes new trends in regulation of contaminated sites and assesses DOE's program for developing new subsurface cleanup technologies.