Cooperative Innovation Science And Technology Policy

Author : Fredrick Betz
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789813238718

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Cooperative Innovation: Science And Technology Policy by Fredrick Betz Pdf

Research cooperation in a nation is a fundamental key to national competitiveness in technology that supports growth in a national economy. To fully understand why some nations are more successful in innovation than others, one must examine the structure and process of knowledge creation and use — the Science & Technology policy of a nation.National innovation requires progress both in Science & Technology, and also in economy. Research cooperation for innovation is necessary, since science, technology, and production are performed in different sectors of a nation. Universities conduct research science, and science discovers nature. Governments support most of the research in universities, and therefore are the principal sponsors of science. Industry develops most technology and commercializes technology into economically useful products/services. The structure and process of knowledge in a nation thus requires (1) creation of knowledge in science, (2) translation of science into technology, and (3) design of technology into commercialization of utility. At a national level, innovation is thus a complicated concept — proposing a need to identify the proper ways that government-university-industry can cooperate to advance knowledge and economically benefit from innovation. Special programs in Science & Technology policy that have proven beneficial in fostering research cooperation for national competitiveness will be covered in this book.Cooperative Innovation: Science & Technology Policy helps readers understand a practical science & technology policy for a nation. Its contents are particularly useful for government administrators of research, industrial research directors, university research directors, and students of science & technology policy.

Author : Frederick Betz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
ISBN : 9813238704

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Cooperative Innovation by Frederick Betz Pdf

"Research cooperation in a nation is a fundamental key to national competitiveness in technology that supports growth in a national economy. To fully understand why some nations are more successful in innovation than others, one must examine the structure and process of knowledge creation and use -- the Science & Technology policy of a nation. National innovation requires progress both in Science & Technology, and also in economy. Research cooperation for innovation is necessary, since science, technology, and production are performed in different sectors of a nation. Universities conduct research science, and science discovers nature. Governments support most of the research in universities, and therefore are the principal sponsors of science. Industry develops most technology and commercializes technology into economically useful products/services. The structure and process of knowledge in a nation thus requires (1) creation of knowledge in science, (2) translation of science into technology, and (3) design of technology into commercialization of utility. At a national level, innovation is thus a complicated concept -- proposing a need to identify the proper ways that government-university-industry can cooperate to advance knowledge and economically benefit from innovation. Special programs in Science & Technology policy that have proven beneficial in fostering research cooperation for national competitiveness will be covered in this book. Cooperative Innovation: Science & Technology Policy helps readers understand a practical science & technology policy for a nation. Its contents are particularly useful for government administrators of research, industrial research directors, university research directors, and students of science & technology policy"--

Author : Albert N. Link,James A. Cunningham
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2021-05-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781789902129

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Advanced Introduction to Technology Policy by Albert N. Link,James A. Cunningham Pdf

This intuitive Advanced Introduction provides an in-depth review of current U.S. technology policy, tracing the legislative history of policies such as the Economic Recovery Tax Act, the Small Business Innovation Development Act and the National Cooperative Research Act. The critical elements of the ecosystem in which technology policy exists are also discussed, with a particular focus on U.S. patent policy and U.S. investments in infrastructure technology.

Author : Craig Boardman,Denis O. Gray,Drew Rivers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2012-09-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461443872

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Cooperative Research Centers and Technical Innovation by Craig Boardman,Denis O. Gray,Drew Rivers Pdf

At a time when scientific and technical innovation now requires a multitude of heterogeneous inputs and expertise from the public and private sectors alike, cooperative research centers (CRCs) have emerged as the predominant vehicle for cross-sector collaboration. In the U.S. alone, there are thousands of CRCs on university campuses, and agencies like the National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Department of Defense, and more recently the Department of Energy fund CRCs to address some of the nation’s most formidable challenges with science and technology, including cancer and other diseases, terrorism surveillance and the detection of weapons of mass destruction, and new energy technologies and smart energy grid development. Industry oftentimes participates in CRCs for access to knowledge, capacity development, and to mitigate risk. This volume includes research investigating CRCs from North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia to explore the dynamics of CRCs, including but not limited to resource allocation, structure, level of sponsorship, organization and membership, management and operations, objectives and goals, and in doing so identifies both differences and similarities across institutional and national contexts. The volume sheds light on the role of CRCs in promoting innovation, S&T policy, and economic development, and on the practical aspects of successful CRC management. Moreover, the works included in the volume consider the implications for the various stakeholder groups (firms, universities, researchers, students, policymakers) invested in CRCs.

Author : Craig Boardman,Denis O. Gray,Drew Rivers
Publisher : Springer
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2012-09-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 146144389X

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Cooperative Research Centers and Technical Innovation by Craig Boardman,Denis O. Gray,Drew Rivers Pdf

At a time when scientific and technical innovation now requires a multitude of heterogeneous inputs and expertise from the public and private sectors alike, cooperative research centers (CRCs) have emerged as the predominant vehicle for cross-sector collaboration. In the U.S. alone, there are thousands of CRCs on university campuses, and agencies like the National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Department of Defense, and more recently the Department of Energy fund CRCs to address some of the nation’s most formidable challenges with science and technology, including cancer and other diseases, terrorism surveillance and the detection of weapons of mass destruction, and new energy technologies and smart energy grid development. Industry oftentimes participates in CRCs for access to knowledge, capacity development, and to mitigate risk. This volume includes research investigating CRCs from North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia to explore the dynamics of CRCs, including but not limited to resource allocation, structure, level of sponsorship, organization and membership, management and operations, objectives and goals, and in doing so identifies both differences and similarities across institutional and national contexts. The volume sheds light on the role of CRCs in promoting innovation, S&T policy, and economic development, and on the practical aspects of successful CRC management. Moreover, the works included in the volume consider the implications for the various stakeholder groups (firms, universities, researchers, students, policymakers) invested in CRCs.

Author : Nicholas S. Vonortas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781461555117

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Cooperation in Research and Development by Nicholas S. Vonortas Pdf

Cooperation in Research and Development provides an empirical and theoretical analysis of a distinct form of inter-firm collaboration in Research & Development (R&D): research joint ventures (RJVs). Of all types of cooperation, RJVs have received the most attention in both formal industrial organization and science and technology policy literature. The emerging theoretical economic literature on incentives of firms to join RJVs has not been followed by much empirical work. Cooperation in Research and Development attempts to fill the void caused by this lack of consistent data on the rate of RJV formation, RJV characteristics, and RJV member characteristics. Significant attention is paid to the role of RJVs in facilitating `virtual' firm diversification as necessary to pursue particular technological objectives. An effort is also made to blend the reported theoretical and empirical analyses with conceptual models of the process of technological innovation and models of industrial evolution in order to provide answers beyond the reach of the received economic theory. Cooperation in Research and Development should be of interest to academic economists, policy makers, and business representatives. The microeconomic issues the book deals with overlap significantly with the interests of decision makers both in government and business.

Author : Albert N. Link
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2006-01-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780387297743

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Public/Private Partnerships by Albert N. Link Pdf

Research and development (R and D) leads to innovation, and innovation leads to technological change. Technological change, in turn, is the primary driver of economic growth. Public/private partnerships -- cooperative relationships among industry, government, and/or universities -- leverage the efficiency of R and D and are thus a critical aspect of a nation’s innovation system. This text is intended for upper-level undergraduate and MBA courses such as Economics and Technology, Economics of Innovation, and Economics of Science and Technology, among others. The first chapter introduces the concept of public/private research partnerships along with other concepts fundamental to an understanding of innovation and technology policy. The framework chapters (2-5) set forth an argument for the public’s role – government’s role – in innovation in general and in public/private partnership in particular. The remaining chapters (6-14) describe a number of public/private partnerships and, to the extent possible, evaluate their social impact.

Author : M.P. Feldman,Albert N. Link
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 453 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781461516897

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Innovation Policy in the Knowledge-Based Economy by M.P. Feldman,Albert N. Link Pdf

Scholars in the science and technology field have not collectively questioned, much less proposed, an agenda for policy makers. Now is an appropriate time for such an undertaking. First, there is a growing belief that the U.S. national research and development system, like that of many industrial nations, is changing due to global competitive pressures and advancements in information technology and electronic commerce. Second, industry's R&D relationship with the academic research community is changing not only because of the global competition but also because of alterations in the level of government support of fundamental research. As a result, policy makers will need to rethink their approaches to science and technology issues. This volume is a collection of essays by scholars about innovative policy in the knowledge-based economy. By knowledge-based economy we mean one for which economic growth is based on the creation, distribution, and use of technology. As such, innovation policy in such an economy must enhance the creation, distribution, and use of knowledge that leads to the creation, distribution, and use of technology. This volume considers elements of an innovation policy: innovation policy and academic research, innovation policy in electronic commerce, and innovation policy and globalization issues.

Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy,Committee on Comparative Innovation Policy: Best Practice for the 21st Century
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2007-06-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780309179027

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Innovation Policies for the 21st Century by National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy,Committee on Comparative Innovation Policy: Best Practice for the 21st Century Pdf

To mark the opening of a study of Comparative Innovation Policy: Best Practice for the 21st Century the Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP) convened a symposium providing an overview of areas to be examined in the study and topics requiring further policy attention. The event highlighted the policies and programs of leading nations and provided valuable insights into some of the common challenges of growing and supporting high-technology industry and the commercialization of public investments in R&D. This report contains a summary of the symposium proceedings and an introduction analyzing the issues and placing them in a broader policy context.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Praeger
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1989-02-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCAL:B4481812

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Innovation Through Technical and Scientific Information by Anonim Pdf

This volume examines the role of scientific and technical information in the innovation process. The authors are primarily concerned with federally supported scientific and technical information which can be used to improve technology development for nondefense purposes--and thus help improve the international economic competitiveness of the United States. As the authors note at the outset, the federal government already makes a substantial investment in creating scientific and technical information. Their study is designed to first evaluate the ways in which this investment can be better used to improve our innovation capacity and then to assess the policy implications for the federal government and private sector R&D firms. Divided into three principal parts, the book begins by discussing the relationship between information and innovation, with particular emphasis on the use of information in the private sector. Part II characterizes existing federal policy related to information, technology transfer, and innovation and examines whether federally supported R&D is responsive to the needs of technological development and economic competitiveness. The final section addresses federal strategies to improve the use of federal R&D in these areas. Throughout, the authors pay special attention to issues surrounding the relationships between information providers and users. An important contribution to the ongoing debate on U.S. competitiveness abroad, this book offers important new insights into the ways in which government policy might be redesigned to help foster higher levels of technological innovation among U.S. firms.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Technology Policy Task Force
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Industrial policy
ISBN : LOC:00001111425

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Cooperation in Industrial Research and Technology Development by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Technology Policy Task Force Pdf

Author : Dennis Patrick Leyden,Albert N. Link
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2015-01-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199313860

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Public Sector Entrepreneurship by Dennis Patrick Leyden,Albert N. Link Pdf

Public sector entrepreneurship refers to innovative public policy initiatives that generate greater economic prosperity. These initiatives can transform a status quo economic environment into one that is more conducive to economic units engaging in creative and innovative activities in the face of uncertainty. Public Sector Entrepreneurship traces the historical development of the concepts of private and public sector entrepreneurship and their connection to the separate notions of risk and uncertainty. Based on a formal conceptualization of these notions, the book illustrates throughout public sector entrepreneurship in practice using examples from U.S. technology and innovation policy. Technology policy-policy to enhance the application of new knowledge, learned through science, to some known problem-and innovation policy-policy to enhance the commercialization of a technology-are quintessential examples of the public sector recognizing and exploiting opportunities to bring about change and efficiency. Using this concept of public sector entrepreneurship as the lens to view the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980, the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980, the R&E Tax Credit of 1981, Small Business Innovation Development Act of 1982, the National Cooperative Research Act of 1984, and the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 affords us the ability to find elements of commonality among these policies and to discuss their impact on the U.S. economy from the perspective of entrepreneurial action.

Author : Albert N. Link,Gregory Tassey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789400925229

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Cooperative Research and Development: The Industry—University—Government Relationship by Albert N. Link,Gregory Tassey Pdf

We must all hang together or surely we will all hang separately. Benjamin Franklin The significant apathy that characterized relationships between indus try and universities and the adversarial nature of relationships between industry and government have both faded rapidly in the 1980s as the realities of global competition have surfaced in the United States. Both industry and government leaders articulate a number of constructs for regaining our competitiveness in world markets. One of the more fre quent strategies prescribed in this new competitiveness era is cooperation. Different individuals or groups may espouse different definitions, inter pretations, or areas of emphasis, but the overall importance of this concept is substantial. Although examples of cooperative research have existed for several decades, the number and variety of relationships have expanded rapidly in the 1980s as corporations, universities, and governments have embraced this strategy. Joint ventures involving two or three firms increased from under 200 per year in the 1970s to over 400 per year by the mid-1980s. Multiple-firm cooperative arrangements are a more recent phenomenon, made possible by the National Cooperative Research Act of 1984. By mid- 1988,81 of these industry-level consortia had formed under the provisions of the 1984 Act. The rapid growth in cooperative research and development (R&D) is primarily a response to the pressures of international competition. As a corporate strategy, cooperative R&D meets short-term needs for assets to implement new approaches for coping with intensifying competition.

Author : Henri Delanghe,Ugur Muldur,Luc Soete
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781849803281

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European Science and Technology Policy by Henri Delanghe,Ugur Muldur,Luc Soete Pdf

This title is about the most important concept underpinning current European Union research policy. It focuses on the notion of the European Research Area, a European 'internal market' for research, whose achievement will become the main objective of EU research policy once the Lisbon Treaty enters into force.

Author : D. Roessner
Publisher : Springer
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1988-06-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781349088829

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Government Innovation Policy by D. Roessner Pdf