Cordwood Energy Systems For Community Heating In Alaska

Author : David L. Nicholls
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Fuelwood
ISBN : MINN:31951D029382600

Get Book

Cordwood Energy Systems for Community Heating in Alaska by David L. Nicholls Pdf

Wood has become an important energy alternative in Alaska, particularly in rural areas where liquid fuel costs can be substantial. In some cases, wood fuel is readily available to communities, increasing the attractiveness of wood energy. Wood energy systems in rural Alaska can also lead to employment gains as well as benefits to local cash economies. Many Alaska villages are now considering wood as a fuel source for community heating, several have completed feasibility studies, and others are moving forward with design and construction activities. Cordwood is readily available in many regions of Alaska, although not always in commercial quantities. However, for many small-scale applications, efficient cordwood systems could be a viable energy option. In this paper, we provide a qualitative review of factors such as wood fuel availability, cordwood system size, wood fuel cost, wood quality, labor, fuel drying, and underground piping. Other general observations are noted, based on case studies of operating cordwood systems in Alaska.

Author : David L. Nicholls
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Biomass energy
ISBN : WISC:89099256364

Get Book

Wood Energy in Alaska by David L. Nicholls Pdf

Biomass resources in Alaska are extensive and diverse, comprising millions of acres of standing small-diameter trees, diseased or dead trees, and trees having lowgrade timber. Limited amounts of logging and mill residues, urban wood residues, and waste products are also available. Recent wildfires in interior Alaska have left substantial volumes of burned timber, potentially usable for biomass energy. Motivated, in part, by rising fuel prices, organizations across the state -- including businesses, schools, and government agencies -- have all expressed an interest in wood energy applications. Numerous sites have pursued feasibility studies or engineering design analysis, and others have moved forward with project construction. Recent advances in biomass utilization in Alaska have been enabled by numerous factors, and involve various fuel sources, scales of operation, and end products. Already, thermal wood energy systems are using sawmill residues to heat lumber dry kilns, and a public school heating system is in operation. Management policies on national forests and state forests in Alaska could determine the type and amounts of available biomass from managed forests, from wildland-urban interface regions, and from salvage timber operations. Biomass products in Alaska having potential for development are as diverse as wood pellets, cordwood (firewood), compost, wood-plastic composite products, and liquid fuels. In addition, new technologies are allowing for more efficient use of biomass resources for heating and electrical generation at scales appropriate for community power. This case study review considers successes and lessons learned from current wood energy systems in Alaska, and also considers opportunities for future bioenergy development.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-28
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781437940299

Get Book

Wood Energy for Residential Heating in Alaska: Current Conditions, Attitudes, Expected Use by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Fuelwood
ISBN : MINN:31951D029886981

Get Book

Use of Wood Energy for Lumber Drying and Community Heating in Southeast Alaska by Anonim Pdf

The inadequate transportation infrastructure and undeveloped markets for sawmill residues in southeast Alaska are among the factors that limit the use of this forest resource. This study considers the potential use of sawmill residues to supply two bioenergy systems that would produce thermal energy for (1) community heating and (2) a lumber dry kiln in Hoonah, Alaska. The proposed community heating system would be a direct combustion system, burning approximately 1,450 green tons (1.315 green metric kilotons) of wood fuel per year to provide heating for seven centrally located buildings in Hoonah. Additional sawmill residues would be used in another system to provide process heat for a proposed 25,000 board foot (41.3 m3) dry kiln. The Hoonah sawmill typically produces as much as 5 million board feet (8,255 m3) of lumber per year, primarily from western hemlock and Sitka spruce. The processing of this amount of lumber would result in an adequate volume of residue to provide a fuel source for the heating requirements of the proposed projects. Wood residue from the sawmill is assumed to be available at no cost other than for transportation. Use of wood fuel for community heating would save an estimated 65,000 gallons (2.47 kL) of heating oil per year. Avoided fuel costs would be approximately $91,500 per year based on No. 2 fuel oil at a market price of $1.40 per gallon ($0.37 per liter). Based on a project life of 25 years and a contingency rate of 25%, the expected after-tax internal rate of return (IRR) for the community heating portion of the project is 29.6%. Total installed costs for the 1,195,000 Btu/h (350 kWthermal) community heating system, including distribution piping and its installation and backup oil systems, are estimated to be $631,000. For the lumber dry kiln, in the second heat-generating system, economic results were less favorable, with expected energy savings of $82,900 per year and an after-tax IRR of 24.1% (also assuming 25% contingency). Estimated installed cost of the 1,536,000 Btu/h (450 kWthermal) dry kiln system with a backup oil system is $513,800.

Author : Allen M. Brackley
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2011-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781437940008

Get Book

Developing Estimates of Potential Demand for Renewable Wood Energy Products in Alaska by Allen M. Brackley Pdf

This report is concerned with the existing volumes of renewable wood energy products (RWEP) currently used in Alaska and the potential demand for RWEP for residential and community heating projects in the state. By using peak prices from the fall of 2008, the potential value of a British thermal unit (Btu) from various fuels has been calculated to identify those situations where wood-based fuels are economically competitive or advantageous when compared with alternative fuel sources. If fuel oil prices increase to the levels experienced in 2008, there would be a strong economic incentive to convert heating systems to use solid wood fuels. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand edition of an important, hard-to-find report.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Forests and forestry
ISBN : CORNELL:31924108650304

Get Book

General Technical Report PNW-GTR by Anonim Pdf

Author : David L. Nicholls,Allen M. Brackley,Valerie Ann Barber
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Dwellings
ISBN : LCCN:2011505852

Get Book

Wood Energy for Residential Heating in Alaska by David L. Nicholls,Allen M. Brackley,Valerie Ann Barber Pdf

This study considered three aspects of residential wood energy use in Alaska: current conditions and fuel consumption, knowledge and attitudes, and future use and conditions. We found that heating oil was the primary fuel for home heating in southeast and interior Alaska, whereas natural gas was used most often in south-central Alaska (Anchorage). Firewood heating played a much more important role as a secondary (vs. primary) heating source in all regions of Alaska. In interior Alaska, there was a somewhat greater interest in the use of wood energy compared to other regions. Likewise, consumption of fossil fuels was considerably greater in interior Alaska. Cost was a primary factor influencing motivation to convert to wood energy. Most respondents were at least somewhat familiar with residential wood-burning systems, however relatively few were familiar with Environmental Protection Agency certified woodstoves. Firewood/cordwood was by far the preferred wood fuel choice, whereas wood briquettes were least preferred. Similarly, firewood was the type of wood fuel that respondents were most familiar with. Variations were observed between Alaska's primary regions (southeast, south-central, and interior). This could be attributed to a number of factors including colder climates in interior Alaska, and overall low use of wood energy in south-central Alaska because of preferences for natural gas. Fuel oil prices of $4.00 to $5.00 per gallon would be needed for most homeowners to convert to wood heating. There was a broad range of willingness to pay for new wood energy systems (from about $1,000 to $3,000). However, this survey was not random and results may not be representative of the populations at each sampling location.

Author : David L. Nicholls
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Biomass energy
ISBN : OCLC:429634889

Get Book

Wood Energy in Alaska by David L. Nicholls Pdf

Biomass resources in Alaska are extensive and diverse, comprising millions of acres of standing small-diameter trees, diseased or dead trees, and trees having lowgrade timber. Limited amounts of logging and mill residues, urban wood residues, and waste products are also available. Recent wildfires in interior Alaska have left substantial volumes of burned timber, potentially usable for biomass energy. Motivated, in part, by rising fuel prices, organizations across the state -- including businesses, schools, and government agencies -- have all expressed an interest in wood energy applications. Numerous sites have pursued feasibility studies or engineering design analysis, and others have moved forward with project construction. Recent advances in biomass utilization in Alaska have been enabled by numerous factors, and involve various fuel sources, scales of operation, and end products. Already, thermal wood energy systems are using sawmill residues to heat lumber dry kilns, and a public school heating system is in operation. Management policies on national forests and state forests in Alaska could determine the type and amounts of available biomass from managed forests, from wildland-urban interface regions, and from salvage timber operations. Biomass products in Alaska having potential for development are as diverse as wood pellets, cordwood (firewood), compost, wood-plastic composite products, and liquid fuels. In addition, new technologies are allowing for more efficient use of biomass resources for heating and electrical generation at scales appropriate for community power. This case study review considers successes and lessons learned from current wood energy systems in Alaska, and also considers opportunities for future bioenergy development.

Author : David L. Nicholls
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Wood products
ISBN : WISC:89076076736

Get Book

Feasibility of Using Wood Wastes to Meet Local Heating Requirements of Communities in the Kenai Peninsula in Alaska by David L. Nicholls Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Power resources
ISBN : RUTGERS:39030024691026

Get Book

Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1992-07
Category : Power resources
ISBN : PSU:000052606014

Get Book

Energy Research Abstracts by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Forests and forestry
ISBN : UCBK:C106227884

Get Book

Research Paper PNW. by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Forest management
ISBN : UCBK:C112255301

Get Book

Science Findings by Anonim Pdf

Author : Jane O. Ebinger
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821386989

Get Book

Climate Impacts on Energy Systems by Jane O. Ebinger Pdf

"While the energy sector is a primary target of efforts to arrest and reverse the growth of greenhouse gas emissions and lower the carbon footprint of development, it is also expected to be increasingly affected by unavoidable climate consequences from the damage already induced in the biosphere. Energy services and resources, as well as seasonal demand, will be increasingly affected by changing trends, increasing variability, greater extremes and large inter-annual variations in climate parameters in some regions. All evidence suggests that adaptation is not an optional add-on but an essential reckoning on par with other business risks. Existing energy infrastructure, new infrastructure and future planning need to consider emerging climate conditions and impacts on design, construction, operation, and maintenance. Integrated risk-based planning processes will be critical to address the climate change impacts and harmonize actions within and across sectors. Also, awareness, knowledge, and capacity impede mainstreaming of climate adaptation into the energy sector. However, the formal knowledge base is still nascent?information needs are complex and to a certain extent regionally and sector specific. This report provides an up-to-date compendium of what is known about weather variability and projected climate trends and their impacts on energy service provision and demand. It discusses emerging practices and tools for managing these impacts and integrating climate considerations into planning processes and operational practices in an environment of uncertainty. It focuses on energy sector adaptation, rather than mitigation which is not discussed in this report. This report draws largely on available scientific and peer-reviewed literature in the public domain and takes the perspective of the developing world to the extent possible."

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : UOM:39015090374219

Get Book

Renewable Energy Production, Strategies, and Technologies by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Pdf