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Author : John Edward King
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Labor market
ISBN : IND:30000112265776
Author : Gøsta Esping-Andersen,Marino Regini
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780198296812
With contributions from economists & political scientists, this text takes a hard look at the empirical connections between unemployment & regulation in Europe today, utilising both in-depth nation analyses & broader international comparisons.
Author : International Working Group on Labour Market Regulation and Deregulation
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780773527263
For two decades economic and social policy in most of the world has been guided by the notion that economies function best when they are fully exposed to competitive market forces. In labour market policy, this approach is reflected in the widespread emphasis on flexibility - a euphemism for the retrenchment of income support and social security, the relaxation of labour market regulations, and the enhanced power of private actors to determine the terms of the employment relationship. These strategies have had marked effects on labour market outcomes, leading to greater vulnerability and polarization - and not always in ways that enhance worker-centred flexibility. The authors offer a more balanced analysis of the functioning and effects of labour market regulation and deregulation. By questioning the underpinnings of the flexibility paradigm, and revealing its often damaging impacts (on different countries, sectors, and constituencies), they challenge the conclusion that unregulated market forces produce optimal labour market outcomes. The authors conclude with several suggestions for how labour policy could be reformulated to promote both efficiency and equity.
Author : John Peters
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781442665125
Income inequality has skyrocketed in Canada over the past few decades. The rich have become richer, while the average household income has deteriorated and job quality has plummeted. Common explanations for these trends point to globalization, technology, or other forces largely beyond our control. But, as Jobs with Inequality shows, there is nothing inevitable about inequality. Rather, runaway inequality is the result of politics and policies - what governments have done to aid the rich and boost finance and what they have not done to uphold the interests of workers. Drawing on new tax and income data, John Peters tells the story of how inequality is unfolding in Canada today by examining post-democracy, financialization, and labour market deregulation. Timely and novel, Jobs with Inequality explains how and why business and government have rewritten the rules of the economy to the advantage of the few, and considers why progressive efforts to reverse these trends have so regularly run aground.
Author : Gabriele Ciminelli,Mr.Romain A Duval,Davide Furceri
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484370087
Labor market deregulation, intended to boost productivity and employment, is one plausible, yet little studied, driver of the decline in labor shares that took place across most advanced economies since the early 1990s. This paper assesses the impact of job protection deregulation in a sample of 26 advanced economies over the period 1970-2015, using a newly constructed dataset of major reforms to employment protection legislation for regular contracts. We apply the local projection method to estimate the dynamic response of the labor share to our reform events at both the country and the country-industry levels. For the latter, we employ a differences-in-differences identification strategy using two identifying assumptions grounded in theory—namely that job protection deregulation should have larger negative effects in industries characterized by (i) a higher “natural” propensity to adjust the workforce, and (ii) a lower elasticity of substitution between capital and labor. We find a statistically significant, economically large and robust negative effect of deregulation on the labor share. In particular, illustrative back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest that job protection deregulation may have contributed about 15 percent to the average labor share decline in advanced economies. Together with existing evidence regarding the macroeconomic gains from job protection and other labor market reforms, our results also point to the need for policymakers to address efficiency-equity trade-offs when designing such reforms.
Author : Bela Galgoczi
Publisher : ETUI
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Climatic changes
ISBN : 9782874522499
How the objective of a resource-efficient low carbon economy is to be reached and how the transition is managed are the key issues addressed by this publication. The two main focuses are industrial policy and employment prospects on the road to a green economy that retains its industrial base. Any lasting recovery of the real economy will necessarily take the shape of a more resource-efficient production model. While we argue that only a more ambitious and comprehensive European climate policy framework would have a chance of delivering the broader 2050 climate targets, this does not mean that Europe has to give up its industrial base and its related competences. Several chapters of this book argue that the option of attaining a low-carbon economy through ‘deindustrialisation’ would prevent Europe from preserving its competitiveness and knowledge base, which are also essential for exploiting the potential of the emerging eco-industry. While decoupling economic growth from resource use is also possible with an industrial base that is more energy-and resource-efficient, this does require a fundamental shift in terms of how the economy is managed and how business decisions are made. Sustainable industrial and structural policies are needed also in order to ensure that this revolutionary process takes place in a socially balanced manner.
Author : Mark Preston Thomas
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780773535169
A timely analysis of employment standards legislation that calls for a new approach to labour market regulation.
Author : Klaus Weiermair
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015015472676
From the back cover: Over the past 15 years, Canada has seen a major restructuring of her economy as a result of spectacular growth in service sector industries. Other important changes include the feminization of the labour force, inceased part-time employment, wider use of technology, deregulation and globalization of trade. This study begins by reviewing competing hypotheses for the pattern of change in the service sector and follows through with an empirical account of these changes and an examination of the forces behind the employment adjustment in this sector. Policy questions arising from these observations are presented for future studies. The author has also developed two case studies to illustrate some common labour adjustment and industrial relations, and how actual companies approached these issues.
Author : Janine Berg
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2015-01-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781784712105
Labour market institutions, including collective bargaining, the regulation of employment contracts and social protection policies, are instrumental for improving the well-being of workers, their families and society. In many countries, these instituti
Author : Engelbert Stockhammer
Publisher : Springer
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137357939
This volume seeks to go beyond the microeconomic view of wages as a cost having negative consequences on a given firm, to consider the positive macroeconomic dynamics associated with wages as a major component of aggregate demand.
Author : Richard Barry Freeman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Economic development
ISBN : IND:30000163944444
The paper documents the large cross-country differences in labor institutions that make them a candidate explanatory factor for the divergent economic performance of countries and reviews what economists have learned about the effects of these institutions on economic outcomes. It identifies three ways in which institutions affect economic performance: by altering incentives, by facilitating efficient bargaining, and by increasing information, communication, and trust. The evidence shows that labor institutions reduce the dispersion of earnings and income inequality, which alters incentives, but finds equivocal effects on other aggregate outcomes, such as employment and unemployment. Given weaknesses in the cross-country data on which most studies focus, the paper argues for increased use of micro-data, simulations, and experiments to illuminate how labor institutions operate and affect outcomes.
Author : Jürgen Weller,United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
Publisher : Santiago, Chile : ECLAC
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Capital market
ISBN : UCSD:31822029884756
In the last ten to fifteen years, profound structural reforms have moved Latin America and the Caribbean from closed, state-dominated economies to ones that are more market-oriented and open. Policymakers expected that these changes would speed up growth. This book is part of a multi-year project to determine whether these expectation have been fulfilled. Analysing the impact of the reforms on employment it is argued that expectations were not fulfilled with respect to the operation of the labour markets. The reforms limited the expansion of employment in some sectors, particularly in tradeable goods. They also created a bias in labour demad for better educated workers which exacerbates inequality. It is thus made clear that the region faces major challenges both in increasing the number of jobs and improving job equality.
Author : Jane E. Ferrie
Publisher : WHO Regional Office Europe
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789289013451
This work is the result of a symposium focusing on the anxieties that arise from changes in the world of work in Europe. The book seeks to draw attention to the changing nature of work, trends in labour market policies and the increase in job insecurity, which creates chronic unemployment.
Author : Pierre-Richard Agénor
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1995-11-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451854787
This paper examines the role of the labor market in the transmission process of adjustment policies in developing countries. It begins by reviewing the recent evidence regarding the functioning of these markets. It then studies the implications of wage inertia, nominal contracts, labor market segmentation, and impediments to labor mobility for stabilization policies. The effect of labor market reforms on economic flexibility and the channels through which labor market imperfections alter the effects of structural adjustment measures are discussed next. The last part of the paper identifies a variety of issues that may require further investigation, such as the link between changes in relative wages and the distributional effects of adjustment policies.
Author : Agnieszka Paczyńska
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2015-06-19
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780271062693
In response to mounting debt crises and macroeconomic instability in the 1980s, many countries in the developing world adopted neoliberal policies promoting the unfettered play of market forces and deregulation of the economy and attempted large-scale structural adjustment, including the privatization of public-sector industries. How much influence did various societal groups have on this transition to a market economy, and what explains the variances in interest-group influence across countries? In this book, Agnieszka Paczyńska explores these questions by studying the role of organized labor in the transition process in four countries in different regions—the Czech Republic and Poland in eastern Europe, Egypt in the Middle East, and Mexico in Latin America. In Egypt and Poland, she shows, labor had substantial influence on the process, whereas in the Czech Republic and Mexico it did not. Her explanation highlights the complex relationship between institutional structures and the “critical junctures” provided by economic crises, revealing that the ability of groups like organized labor to wield influence on reform efforts depends to a great extent on not only their current resources (such as financial autonomy and legal prerogatives) but also the historical legacies of their past ties to the state. This new edition features an epilogue that analyzes the role of organized labor uprisings in 2011, the protests in Egypt, the overthrow of Mubarak, and the post-Mubarak regime.
