Cross Cultural Scientific Exchanges In The Eastern Mediterranean 1560 1660

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Cross-Cultural Scientific Exchanges in the Eastern Mediterranean, 1560–1660

Avner Ben-Zaken
Cross Cultural Scientific Exchanges in the Eastern Mediterranean 1560 1660 Book PDF

Author : Avner Ben-Zaken
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2010-07-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780801899928

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Cross-Cultural Scientific Exchanges in the Eastern Mediterranean, 1560–1660 by Avner Ben-Zaken Pdf

Avner Ben-Zaken reconsiders the fundamental question of how early modern scientific thought traveled between Western and Eastern cultures in the age of the so-called Scientific Revolution. Through five meticulously researched case studies—in which he explores how a single obscure object or text moved in the Eastern world—Ben-Zaken reveals the intricate ways that scientific knowledge moved across cultures. His diligent exploration traces the eastward flow of post-Copernican cosmologies and scientific discoveries, showing how these ideas were disseminated, modified, and applied to local cultures. Never before has a student of scientific traffic in the Mediterranean taken such pains to see precisely which instruments, books, and ideas first appeared where, in whose hands, by what means, and with what implications. In doing so, Ben-Zaken challenges accepted views of Western primacy in this fruitful exchange. He shows not only how Islamic cultures benefited from European scientific knowledge but also how Eastern understanding of classical Greek texts informed developments in the West. Ben-Zaken’s mastery of different cultures and languages uniquely positions him to tell this intriguing story. His findings reshape our understanding of scientific discourse in this critical period and contribute to the growing field of cross-cultural Christian-Muslim studies.

Horizons

James Poskett
Horizons Book PDF

Author : James Poskett
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2022-03-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9780241394113

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Horizons by James Poskett Pdf

'Superb' Sunday Times 'Revolutionary' Alice Roberts 'Hugely important' Jim Al-Khalili _______________ A radical retelling of the history of science that foregrounds the scientists erased from history In this major retelling of the history of science from 1450 to the present day, James Poskett explodes the myth that science began in Europe. The blinkered Western gaze focusing on individual 'genius' - Copernicus, Newton, Darwin, Einstein - was only one part of the story. The reality was an utterly global, non-linear pattern of cross-fertilization, competition, cooperation and outright conflict. Each rupture in history carved fresh channels for global exchange. Here, for the first time, Poskett celebrates how scientists from Africa, America, Asia and the Pacific were integral to this very human story. We meet Graman Kwasi, the African botanist who discovered a new cure for malaria; Hantaro Nagaoka, the Japanese scientist who first described the structure of the atom; and Zhao Zhongyao, the Chinese physicist who discovered antimatter. _______________ 'Remarkable. Challenges almost everything we know about science in the West' Jerry Brotton, author of A History of the World in 12 Maps 'Perspective-shattering' Caroline Sanderson, The Bookseller, 'Editor's Choice' 'Horizons upends traditional accounts of the history of science' Rebecca Wragg Sykes, author of Kindred 'Poskett deftly blends the achievements of little-known figures into the wider history of science . . . brims with clarity' Chris Allnutt, Financial Times

Science Among the Ottomans

Miri Shefer-Mossensohn
Science Among the Ottomans Book PDF

Author : Miri Shefer-Mossensohn
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2015-10-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781477303597

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Science Among the Ottomans by Miri Shefer-Mossensohn Pdf

Scholars have long thought that, following the Muslim Golden Age of the medieval era, the Ottoman Empire grew culturally and technologically isolated, losing interest in innovation and placing the empire on a path toward stagnation and decline. Science among the Ottomans challenges this widely accepted Western image of the nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Ottomans as backward and impoverished. In the first book on this topic in English in over sixty years, Miri Shefer-Mossensohn contends that Ottoman society and culture created a fertile environment that fostered diverse scientific activity. She demonstrates that the Ottomans excelled in adapting the inventions of others to their own needs and improving them. For example, in 1877, the Ottoman Empire boasted the seventh-longest electric telegraph system in the world; indeed, the Ottomans were among the era’s most advanced nations with regard to modern communication infrastructure. To substantiate her claims about science in the empire, Shefer-Mossensohn studies patterns of learning; state involvement in technological activities; and Turkish- and Arabic-speaking Ottomans who produced, consumed, and altered scientific practices. The results reveal Ottoman participation in science to have been a dynamic force that helped sustain the six-hundred-year empire.

Reading Ḥayy Ibn-Yaqẓān

Avner Ben-Zaken
Reading ayy Ibn Yaq n Book PDF

Author : Avner Ben-Zaken
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780801899720

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Reading Ḥayy Ibn-Yaqẓān by Avner Ben-Zaken Pdf

Commonly translated as "The Self-Taught Philosopher" or "The Improvement of Human Reason," Ibn-Tufayl's story Hayy Ibn-Yaqzān inspired debates about autodidacticism in a range of historical fields from classical Islamic philosophy through Renaissance humanism and the European Enlightenment. Avner Ben-Zaken's account of how the text traveled demonstrates the intricate ways in which autodidacticism was contested in and adapted to diverse cultural settings. In tracing the circulation of the Hayy Ibn-Yaqzān, Ben-Zaken highlights its key place in four far-removed historical moments. He explains how autodidacticism intertwined with struggles over mysticism in twelfth-century Marrakesh, controversies about pedagogy in fourteenth-century Barcelona, quarrels concerning astrology in Renaissance Florence, and debates pertaining to experimentalism in seventeenth-century Oxford. In each site and period, Ben-Zaken recaptures the cultural context that stirred scholars to relate to ayy Ibn-Yaqān and demonstrates how the text moved among cultures, leaving in its wake translations, interpretations, and controversies as various as the societies themselves. Pleas for autodidacticism, Ben-Zaken shows, not only echoed within close philosophical discussions; they surfaced in struggles for control between individuals and establishments. Presented as self-contained histories, these four moments together form a historical collage of autodidacticism across cultures from the late Medieval era to early modern times. The first book-length intellectual history of autodidacticism, this novel, thought-provoking work will interest a wide range of historians, including scholars of the history of science, philosophy, literature, Europe, and the Middle East.

Unifying Heaven and Earth. Essays in the History of Early Modern Cosmology

Miguel Á. Granada,Patrick J. Boner & Dario Tessicini
Unifying Heaven and Earth Essays in the History of Early Modern Cosmology Book PDF

Author : Miguel Á. Granada,Patrick J. Boner & Dario Tessicini
Publisher : Edicions Universitat Barcelona
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2016-05-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9788447539604

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Unifying Heaven and Earth. Essays in the History of Early Modern Cosmology by Miguel Á. Granada,Patrick J. Boner & Dario Tessicini Pdf

One of the most significant events in the history of Western civilization was the cosmological revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries. Among the most salient factors in this change, described by Alexandre Koyré as the ‘destruction of the cosmos’ inherited from ancient Greece, were Copernican heliocentrism and the substitution of a homogeneous universe for the hierarchical cosmos of the Platonic and Aristotelian tradition. Starting with a new approach to the issue of the presence of Islamic astronomical devices in Copernicus’ work and a thorough reappraisal of the cosmological views of Paracelsus, the book deals mainly with the abolition of cosmological dualism and the ways in which it affected the decline of astrology over the 17th century. Other related topics include planetary order and theories of world harmony, the cause of planetary motion in the Tychonic world system or the discussion on comets in Germany through the first presentation of a manuscript treatise by Michael Maestlin on the great comet of 1618.

Yearbook of the Maimonides Centre for Advanced Studies. 2018

Bill Rebiger
Yearbook of the Maimonides Centre for Advanced Studies 2018 Book PDF

Author : Bill Rebiger
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 812 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2018-12-17
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9783110576245

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Yearbook of the Maimonides Centre for Advanced Studies. 2018 by Bill Rebiger Pdf

The Yearbook mirrors the annual activities of staff and visiting fellows of the Maimonides Centre and reports on symposia, workshops, and lectures taking place at the Centre. Although aimed at a wider audience, the yearbook also contains academic articles and book reviews on scepticism in Judaism and scepticism in general. Staff, visiting fellows, and other international scholars are invited to contribute.

French Encounters with the Ottomans, 1510-1560

Pascale Barthe
French Encounters with the Ottomans 1510 1560 Book PDF

Author : Pascale Barthe
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016-05-20
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9781317132677

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French Encounters with the Ottomans, 1510-1560 by Pascale Barthe Pdf

Focusing on early Renaissance Franco-Ottoman relations, this book fills a gap in studies of Ottoman representations by early modern European powers by addressing the Franco-Ottoman bond. In French Encounters with the Ottomans, Pascale Barthe examines the birth of the Franco-Ottoman rapprochement and the enthusiasm with which, before the age of absolutism, French kings and their subjects pursued exchanges-real or imagined-with those they referred to as the 'Turks.' Barthe calls into question the existence of an Orientalist discourse in the Renaissance, and examines early cross-cultural relations through the lenses of sixteenth-century French literary and cultural production. Informed by insights from historians, literary scholars, and art historians from around the world, this study underscores and challenges long-standing dichotomies (Christians vs. Muslims, West vs. East) as well as reductive periodizations (Middle Ages vs. Renaissance) and compartmentalization of disciplines. Grounded in close readings, it includes discussions of cultural production, specifically visual representations of space and customs. Barthe showcases diplomatic envoys, courtly poets, 'bourgeois', prominent fiction writers, and chroniclers, who all engaged eagerly with the 'Turks' and developed a multiplicity of responses to the Ottomans before the latter became both fashionable and neutralized, and their representation fixed.

Science without Leisure

Harun Küçük
Science without Leisure Book PDF

Author : Harun Küçük
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019-12-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780822987109

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Science without Leisure by Harun Küçük Pdf

Science in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Istanbul, Harun Küçük argues, was without leisure, a phenomenon spurred by the hyperinflation a century earlier when scientific texts all but disappeared from the college curriculum and inflation reduced the wages of professors to one-tenth of what they were in the sixteenth century. It was during this tumultuous period that philosophy and theory, the more leisurely aspects of naturalism—and the pursuit of “knowledge for knowledge’s sake”—vanished altogether from the city. But rather than put an end to science in Istanbul, this economic crisis was transformative, turning science into a practical matter, into something one learned through apprenticeship and provided as a service. In Science without Leisure, Küçük reveals how Ottoman science, when measured against familiar narratives of the Scientific Revolution, was remarkably far less scholastic and philosophical and far more cosmopolitan and practical. His book explains why as practical naturalists deployed natural knowledge to lucrative ends without regard for scientific theories, science in the Ottoman Empire over the long term ultimately became the domain of physicians, bureaucrats, and engineers rather than of scholars and philosophers.

The Mediterranean World

Monique O'Connell,Eric R Dursteler
The Mediterranean World Book PDF

Author : Monique O'Connell,Eric R Dursteler
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2016-05-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781421419015

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The Mediterranean World by Monique O'Connell,Eric R Dursteler Pdf

An interdisciplinary approach to the Mediterranean’s rich, multicultural history. Located at the intersection of Asia, Africa, and Europe, the Mediterranean has connected societies for millennia, creating a shared space of intense economic, cultural, and political interaction. Greek temples in Sicily, Roman ruins in North Africa, and Ottoman fortifications in Greece serve as reminders that the Mediterranean has no fixed national boundaries or stable ethnic and religious identities. In The Mediterranean World, Monique O’Connell and Eric R Dursteler examine the history of this contested region from the medieval to the early modern era, beginning with the fall of Rome around 500 CE and closing with Napoleon’s attempted conquest of Egypt in 1798. Arguing convincingly that the Mediterranean should be studied as a singular unit, the authors explore the centuries when no lone power dominated the Mediterranean Sea and invaders brought their own unique languages and cultures to the region. Structured around four interlocking themes—mobility, state development, commerce, and frontiers—this beautifully illustrated book brings new dimensions to the concepts of Mediterranean nationality and identity.

The Lighthouse and the Observatory

Daniel A. Stolz
The Lighthouse and the Observatory Book PDF

Author : Daniel A. Stolz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107196339

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The Lighthouse and the Observatory by Daniel A. Stolz Pdf

This history of astronomy in Egypt reveals how modern science came to play an authoritative role in Islamic religious practice.

A Companion to Mediterranean History

Peregrine Horden,Sharon Kinoshita
A Companion to Mediterranean History Book PDF

Author : Peregrine Horden,Sharon Kinoshita
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 633 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781118519332

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A Companion to Mediterranean History by Peregrine Horden,Sharon Kinoshita Pdf

A Companion to Mediterranean History presents a wide-ranging overview of this vibrant field of historical research, drawing together scholars from a range of disciplines to discuss the development of the region from Neolithic times to the present. Provides a valuable introduction to current debates on Mediterranean history and helps define the field for a new generation Covers developments in the Mediterranean world from Neolithic times to the modern era Enables fruitful dialogue among a wide range of disciplines, including history, archaeology, art, literature, and anthropology

The Cambridge World History

Jerry H. Bentley,Sanjay Subrahmanyam,Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks
The Cambridge World History Book PDF

Author : Jerry H. Bentley,Sanjay Subrahmanyam,Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2015-04-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780521192460

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The Cambridge World History by Jerry H. Bentley,Sanjay Subrahmanyam,Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks Pdf

Comprehensive account of the intense biological, commercial, and cultural exchanges, and the creation of global connections, between 1400 and 1800.

Ancient Wisdom in the Age of the New Science

Dmitri Levitin
Ancient Wisdom in the Age of the New Science Book PDF

Author : Dmitri Levitin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 695 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2015-09-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107105881

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Ancient Wisdom in the Age of the New Science by Dmitri Levitin Pdf

A groundbreaking, revisionist account of the importance of the history of philosophy to intellectual change - scientific, philosophical and religious - in seventeenth-century England.

Imagined Civilizations

Roger Hart
Imagined Civilizations Book PDF

Author : Roger Hart
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2013-08-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781421406060

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Imagined Civilizations by Roger Hart Pdf

While the Jesuits claimed Xu as a convert, he presented the Jesuits as men from afar who had traveled from the West to China to serve the emperor.

Baghdad and Isfahan

Elaheh Kheirandish
Baghdad and Isfahan Book PDF

Author : Elaheh Kheirandish
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2021-04-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9780755635085

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Baghdad and Isfahan by Elaheh Kheirandish Pdf

Renowned as great centres of learning, the cities of Baghdad and Isfahan were at the heart of the Islamic civilization as rich capital cities and centres of intellectual thought. Their distinct cultural voices inspired a unique historical dialogue, which finds new expression in Baghdad and Isfahan, the story of how knowledge was transmitted and transformed within Islamic lands, and then spread across Europe. Capturing the history of Baghdad and Isfahan from 750 to 1750, Elaheh Kheirandish draws on the voices of court astronomers, mathematicians, scientists, mystics, jurists, statesmen and Arabic and Persian translators and scholars to document the extensive and lasting contribution of sciences from Islamic lands to the history of science. Kheirandish bases her narrative on a unique medieval manuscript and other historical sources and the result is more than a thousand-year 'tale of two cities' – it is a city by city, and century by century, look at what it took to change the world. In a feat of travelogue and time travel, this unique book creates parallel stories with modern and historical characters, crossing cities worldwide, and capturing changes through time. Interweaving multiple narratives, histories, and futures, she charts the possible paths – formalized and serendipitous, lost and recovered – by which knowledge itself is translated and transmitted across time and cultures.