Darwin And The Emergence Of Evolutionary Theories Of Mind And Behavior

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Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior

Robert J. Richards
Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior Book PDF

Author : Robert J. Richards
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 719 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2014-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226149516

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Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior by Robert J. Richards Pdf

With insight and wit, Robert J. Richards focuses on the development of evolutionary theories of mind and behavior from their first distinct appearance in the eighteenth century to their controversial state today. Particularly important in the nineteenth century were Charles Darwin's ideas about instinct, reason, and morality, which Richards considers against the background of Darwin's personality, training, scientific and cultural concerns, and intellectual community. Many critics have argued that the Darwinian revolution stripped nature of moral purpose and ethically neutered the human animal. Richards contends, however, that Darwin, Herbert Spencer, and their disciples attempted to reanimate moral life, believing that the evolutionary process gave heart to unselfish, altruistic behavior. "Richards's book is now the obvious introduction to the history of ideas about mind and behavior in the nineteenth century."—Mark Ridley, Times Literary Supplement "Not since the publication of Michael Ghiselin's The Triumph of the Darwinian Method has there been such an ambitious, challenging, and methodologically self-conscious interpretation of the rise and development and evolutionary theories and Darwin's role therein."—John C. Greene, Science "His book . . . triumphantly achieves the goal of all great scholarship: it not only informs us, but shows us why becoming thus informed is essential to understanding our own issues and projects."—Daniel C. Dennett, Philosophy of Science

The Meaning of Evolution

Robert J. Richards
The Meaning of Evolution Book PDF

Author : Robert J. Richards
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2009-02-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226712055

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The Meaning of Evolution by Robert J. Richards Pdf

Did Darwin see evolution as progressive, directed toward producing ever more advanced forms of life? Most contemporary scholars say no. In this challenge to prevailing views, Robert J. Richards says yes—and argues that current perspectives on Darwin and his theory are both ideologically motivated and scientifically unsound. This provocative new reading of Darwin goes directly to the origins of evolutionary theory. Unlike most contemporary biologists or historians and philosophers of science, Richards holds that Darwin did concern himself with the idea of progress, or telos, as he constructed his theory. Richards maintains that Darwin drew on the traditional embryological meanings of the terms "evolution" and "descent with modification." In the 1600s and 1700s, "evolution" referred to the embryological theory of preformation, the idea that the embryo exists as a miniature adult of its own species that simply grows, or evolves, during gestation. By the early 1800s, however, the idea of preformation had become the concept of evolutionary recapitulation, the idea that during its development an embryo passes through a series of stages, each the adult form of an ancestor species. Richards demonstrates that, for Darwin, embryological recapitulation provided a graphic model of how species evolve. If an embryo could be seen as successively taking the structures and forms of its ancestral species, then one could see the evolution of life itself as a succession of species, each transformed from its ancestor. Richards works with the Origin and other published and archival material to show that these embryological models were much on Darwin's mind as he considered the evidence for descent with modification. Why do so many modern researchers find these embryological roots of Darwin's theory so problematic? Richards argues that the current tendency to see evolution as a process that is not progressive and not teleological imposes perspectives on Darwin that incorrectly deny the clearly progressive heart of his embryological models and his evolutionary theory.

The Cambridge Companion to the 'Origin of Species'

Michael Ruse,Robert J. Richards
The Cambridge Companion to the Origin of Species Book PDF

Author : Michael Ruse,Robert J. Richards
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780521870795

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The Cambridge Companion to the 'Origin of Species' by Michael Ruse,Robert J. Richards Pdf

This Companion commemorates the 150th anniversary of the publication of the Origin of Species and examines its main arguments. Drawing on the expertise of leading authorities in the field, it also provides the contexts - religious, social, political, literary, and philosophical - in which the Origin was written.

The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Ethics

Michael Ruse,Robert J. Richards
The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Ethics Book PDF

Author : Michael Ruse,Robert J. Richards
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107132955

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The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Ethics by Michael Ruse,Robert J. Richards Pdf

This book introduces readers to the application of evolutionary ideas to moral thinking and justification, presenting contrasting perspectives on controversial issues.

Evolution in Mind

Henry C. Plotkin
Evolution in Mind Book PDF

Author : Henry C. Plotkin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Psychology
ISBN : UOM:39015040351564

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Evolution in Mind by Henry C. Plotkin Pdf

The theory and data of evolutionary biology and animal behavior can illuminate many of our most basic mental processes and activities: language learning, perception, social understanding, and most controversially, culture and the sharing of knowledge and beliefs.

Evolution and Human Behavior

John Cartwright
Evolution and Human Behavior Book PDF

Author : John Cartwright
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0262531704

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Evolution and Human Behavior by John Cartwright Pdf

The book covers fundamental issues such as the origins and function of sexual reproduction, mating behavior, human mate choice, patterns of violence in families, altruistic behavior, the evolution of brain size and the origins of language, the modular mind, and the relationship between genes and culture.

The Evolution of Mind

Denise D. Cummins,Colin Allen
The Evolution of Mind Book PDF

Author : Denise D. Cummins,Colin Allen
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0195110536

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The Evolution of Mind by Denise D. Cummins,Colin Allen Pdf

In The Evolution of Mind, outstanding figures on the cutting edge of evolutionary psychology follow clues provided by current neuroscientific evidence to illuminate many puzzling questions of human cognitive evolution. With contributions from psychologists, ethologists, anthropologists, and philosophers, the book offers a broad range of approaches to explore the mysteries of the mind's evolution - from investigating the biological functions of human cognition to drawing comparisons between human and animal cognitive abilities.

EVOLUTION

Michael Ruse,Joseph Travis
EVOLUTION Book PDF

Author : Michael Ruse,Joseph Travis
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 992 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780674062214

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EVOLUTION by Michael Ruse,Joseph Travis Pdf

Spanning evolutionary science from its inception to its latest findings, from discoveries and data to philosophy and history, this book is the most complete, authoritative, and inviting one-volume introduction to evolutionary biology available. Clear, informative, and comprehensive in scope, Evolution opens with a series of major essays dealing with the history and philosophy of evolutionary biology, with major empirical and theoretical questions in the science, from speciation to adaptation, from paleontology to evolutionary development (evo devo), and concluding with essays on the social and political significance of evolutionary biology today. A second encyclopedic section travels the spectrum of topics in evolution with concise, informative, and accessible entries on individuals from Aristotle and Linneaus to Louis Leakey and Jean Lamarck; from T. H. Huxley and E. O. Wilson to Joseph Felsenstein and Motoo Kimura; and on subjects from altruism and amphibians to evolutionary psychology and Piltdown Man to the Scopes trial and social Darwinism. Readers will find the latest word on the history and philosophy of evolution, the nuances of the science itself, and the intricate interplay among evolutionary study, religion, philosophy, and society. Appearing at the beginning of the Darwin Year of 2009Ñthe 200th anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin and the 150th anniversary of the publication of the Origin of SpeciesÑthis volume is a fitting tribute to the science Darwin set in motion.

The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals

Charles Darwin
The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals Book PDF

Author : Charles Darwin
Publisher : Open Road Media
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2014-11-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781497675919

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The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals by Charles Darwin Pdf

With a foreword by Margaret Mead: Darwin examines genetically determined behavior, combining the science of evolution with insights into human psychology. Published in 1872, thirteen years after On the Origin of Species, The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals is devoted to documenting what Darwin believes is the genetically determined aspects of behavior. Together with The Descent of Man (1871), it sketches out Darwin’s main thesis of human origins. Here he traces the animal origins of human characteristics such as pursing of the lips in concentration, tightening of the muscles around the eyes in anger and efforts of memory. Darwin’s thesis is that if the outward signs of behavior and emotions are shown to be universal in man and similar to animals then they must be due to inherited evolutionary adaptation, not culturally acquired characteristics. Several British psychiatrists, in particular James Crichton-Browne, were consultants for the book, which forms Darwin’s main contribution to psychology. Darwin’s collection of detailed observations along with his acute observational abilities and pictures (a landmark in the history of illustrations within the body of the text) corroborate his thesis and form the basis of the book. The foreword by Margaret Mead is of great interest in and of itself. Her foreword, illustrated with pictures provided by her, is designed to subvert Darwin’s chief idea. Paul Ekman, a later editor of this same work, “wonder[s] how Darwin would have felt had he known that his book was introduced by a cultural relativist who had included in his book pictures of those most opposed to his theory.”

Alasdair MacIntyre's Views and Biological Ethics

Sherel Jeevan Joseph Mendonsa
Alasdair MacIntyre s Views and Biological Ethics Book PDF

Author : Sherel Jeevan Joseph Mendonsa
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2022-11-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781527591318

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Alasdair MacIntyre's Views and Biological Ethics by Sherel Jeevan Joseph Mendonsa Pdf

Some of the most fundamental questions which moral philosophers have been grappling with include: What makes us moral beings? Is morality a product of culture or nature or both? Are ethical norms and principles universal and unchanging or are they relative, being rooted in specific socio-political and historical contexts? Can ethical conclusions be derived from descriptive statements? This book addresses these and similar questions through a comparative study between Alasdair MacIntyre’s views and biological ethics. It discusses how both MacIntyre’s views and biological ethics highlight the importance of human biology for human morality. Based on this discussion, the book proposes that both the rational and the biological (including the emotional) dimensions of humans have to be considered in order to understand the complex and multi-layered phenomenon of human morality. As such, it will prove to be a valuable resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students of moral philosophy, especially those interested in studying the biological approach toward ethics, Thomistic Aristotelian ethics and metaethics.

Political Descent

Piers J. Hale
Political Descent Book PDF

Author : Piers J. Hale
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2014-08-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226108520

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Political Descent by Piers J. Hale Pdf

Historians of science have long noted the influence of the nineteenth-century political economist Thomas Robert Malthus on Charles Darwin. In a bold move, Piers J. Hale contends that this focus on Malthus and his effect on Darwin’s evolutionary thought neglects a strong anti-Malthusian tradition in English intellectual life, one that not only predated the 1859 publication of the Origin of Species but also persisted throughout the Victorian period until World War I. Political Descent reveals that two evolutionary and political traditions developed in England in the wake of the 1832 Reform Act: one Malthusian, the other decidedly anti-Malthusian and owing much to the ideas of the French naturalist Jean Baptiste Lamarck. These two traditions, Hale shows, developed in a context of mutual hostility, debate, and refutation. Participants disagreed not only about evolutionary processes but also on broader questions regarding the kind of creature our evolution had made us and in what kind of society we ought therefore to live. Significantly, and in spite of Darwin’s acknowledgement that natural selection was “the doctrine of Malthus, applied to the whole animal and vegetable kingdoms,” both sides of the debate claimed to be the more correctly “Darwinian.” By exploring the full spectrum of scientific and political issues at stake, Political Descent offers a novel approach to the relationship between evolution and political thought in the Victorian and Edwardian eras.

Animals, Machines, and AI

Erika Quinn,Holly Yanacek
Animals Machines and AI Book PDF

Author : Erika Quinn,Holly Yanacek
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783110753677

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Animals, Machines, and AI by Erika Quinn,Holly Yanacek Pdf

Sentient animals, machines, and robots abound in German literature and culture, but there has been surprisingly limited scholarship on non-human life forms in German studies. This volume extends interdisciplinary research in emotion studies to examine non-humans and the affective relationships between humans and non-humans in modern German cultural history. In recent years, fascination with emotions, developments in robotics, and the burgeoning of animal studies in and beyond the academy have given rise to questions about the nature of humanity. Using sources from the life sciences, literature, visual art, poetry, philosophy, and photography, this collection interrogates not animal or machine emotions per se, but rather uses animals and machines as lenses through which to investigate human emotions and the affective entanglements between humans and non-humans. The COVID-19 pandemic made us more keenly aware of the importance of both animals and new technologies in our daily lives, and this volume ultimately sheds light on the centrality of non-humans in the human emotional world and the possibilities that relationships with non-humans offer for enriching that world.

The Routledge Companion to Nineteenth Century Philosophy

Dean Moyar
The Routledge Companion to Nineteenth Century Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Dean Moyar
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1090 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2010-04-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781135151102

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The Routledge Companion to Nineteenth Century Philosophy by Dean Moyar Pdf

The nineteenth century is a period of stunning philosophical originality, characterised by radical engagement with the emerging human sciences. Often overshadowed by twentieth century philosophy which sought to reject some of its central tenets, the philosophers of the nineteenth century have re-emerged as profoundly important figures. The Routledge Companion to Nineteenth Century Philosophy is an outstanding survey and assessment of the century as a whole. Divided into seven parts and including thirty chapters written by leading international scholars, the Companion examines and assesses the central topics, themes, and philosophers of the nineteenth century, presenting the first comprehensive picture of the period in a single volume: German Idealism philosophy as political action, including young Hegelians, Marx and Tocqueville philosophy and subjectivity, including Schopenhauer, Kierkegaard and Nietzsche scientific naturalism, including Darwinism, philosophy of race, experimental psychology and Neo-Kantianism utilitarianism and British Idealism American Idealism and Pragmatism new directions in Mind and Logic, including Brentano, Frege and Husserl. The Routledge Companion to Nineteenth Century Philosophy is essential reading for students of philosophy, and for anyone interested in this period in related disciplines such as politics, history, literature and religion.

The Great Adventure

David Loye
The Great Adventure Book PDF

Author : David Loye
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2004-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0791459241

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The Great Adventure by David Loye Pdf

Outlines how a new working partnership between psychologists and evolutionary systems scientists can help create a more humanistic evolutionary theory.

Darwin and Theories of Aesthetics and Cultural History

Barbara Larson,Sabine Flach
Darwin and Theories of Aesthetics and Cultural History Book PDF

Author : Barbara Larson,Sabine Flach
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-01-01
Category : Art
ISBN : 1409448703

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Darwin and Theories of Aesthetics and Cultural History by Barbara Larson,Sabine Flach Pdf

Darwin and Theories of Aesthetics and Cultural History is a significant contribution to the fields of theory, Darwin studies, and cultural history. This collection of eight essays is the first volume to address, from the point of view of art and literary historians, Darwin's intersections with aesthetic theories and cultural histories from the eighteenth century to the present day. Among the philosophers of art influenced by Darwinian evolution and considered in this collection are Alois Riegl, Ruskin, and Aby Warburg. This stimulating collection ranges in content from essays on the influence of eighteenth-century aesthetic theory on Darwin and nineteenth-century debates circulating around beauty to the study of evolutionary models in contemporary art.