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Decentralizing Revenue in Latin America by Vicente Fretes Cibils,Teresa Ter-Minassian,J. Sebastián Scrofina,Federico Ortega,Alejandro Rasteletti,Arturo Ramírez Verdugo,Emilio Pineda,Jorge Martínez-Vázquez,Cristián Sepúlveda,Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza,Jannet Zenteno,Irina España Eljaiek,Giorgio Brosio,Ivana Templado,Cynthia Moskovits,Marcela Cristini,Sebastián Auguste,Daniel Artana Pdf
This book analyzes the reasons for lackluster performance selected Latin American countries in mobilizing subnational own-source revenues and explores policy options to increase these revenues as efficiently and equitably as possible. Seven case studies--Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela--span a wide range of characteristics, including federal and unitary countries, different geographical sizes, levels of economic development, and degrees of revenue decentralization. In this book, subnational governments include both intermediate and local levels of government, which are distinguished in the case studies. Together, the case studies provide a reasonably representative picture of the challenges faced throughout Latin America in mobilizing subnational own-source revenues in a manner that supports equitable growth.
Fiscal Decentralization in Latin America by Ricardo López Murphy Pdf
Fiscal Decentralization in Latin America examines how taxation, spending and regulatory powers can be most effectively distributed among different levels of government. Case studies of Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Peru suggest that although these countries are committed to relatively high government spending levels, the effectiveness of those expenditures could be improved through fiscal decentralization.
Author : George E. Peterson Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 46 pages File Size : 41,9 Mb Release : 1997-01-01 Category : Political Science ISBN : 082133865X
Decentralization in Latin America by George E. Peterson Pdf
World Bank Discussion Paper No. 359. Oil and energy markets have experienced dramatic changes over the past two decades--steep price increases in the 1970s and 1980s followed by a decrease in 1986 and large declines in demand in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. But despite considerable uncertainty about future developments in the world oil market, this paper finds that demand is set to rise in all main regions, particularly in developing countries, led by increasing incomes, population, industrialization, investment, and trade. This study examines the growth in demand for eight major oil products for 37 developing countries over the 1971-93 period, analyzing the relationships and changes over time for income, population, and demand for energy and oil products for each country. It also examines some of the important phenomena that affect oil demand and calculates income and price elasticities for each product in all countries.
Author : Paul J. Smoke,Eduardo J. G¢mez,George E. Peterson Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing Page : 408 pages File Size : 51,9 Mb Release : 2006-11-28 Category : Political Science ISBN : 178195626X
Decentralization in Asia and Latin America by Paul J. Smoke,Eduardo J. G¢mez,George E. Peterson Pdf
Public sector decentralization has emerged prominently in many Asian and Latin American countries as a strategy to promote development and political reform. Results in both cases have been mixed. Despite broad similarities in intent and outcome, contextual differences between the regions have led to striking differences in the way decentralization has been structured and implemented. This volume takes an atypically historical and interdisciplinary perspective on decentralization, highlighting how fiscal and political forces together have been shaping its evolution in the two regions.
Decentralization and Subnational Politics in Latin America by Tulia G. Falleti Pdf
Is it always true that decentralization reforms put more power in the hands of governors and mayors? In post-developmental Latin America, the surprising answer to this question is no. In fact, a variety of outcomes are possible, depending largely on who initiates the reforms, how they are initiated, and in what order they are introduced. Tulia G. Falleti draws on extensive fieldwork, in-depth interviews, archival records, and quantitative data to explain the trajectories of decentralization processes and their markedly different outcomes in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico. In her analysis, she develops a sequential theory and method that are successful in explaining this counterintuitive result. Her research contributes to the literature on path dependence and institutional evolution and will be of interest to scholars of decentralization, federalism, subnational politics, intergovernmental relations, and Latin American politics.
Decentralization and Reform in Latin America by Giorgio Brosio,Juan Pablo Jiménez Pdf
'This volume provides a splendid and wide-ranging collection of studies analyzing the political-economy of decentralization in Latin-America. It's a fascinating story with numerous and profound insights into how fiscal decentralization actually works in the context of a variety of fiscal institutions and in a setting with a high degree of inequality in the distribution of income and territorial disparities.' - Wallace E. Oates, University of Maryland, US
Decentralisation and Reform in Latin America by Giorgio Brosio,Juan Pablo Jim_nez Pdf
ÔThis volume provides a splendid and wide-ranging collection of studies analyzing the political-economy of decentralization in Latin-America. ItÕs a fascinating story with numerous and profound insights into how fiscal decentralization actually works in the context of a variety of fiscal institutions and in a setting with a high degree of inequality in the distribution of income and territorial disparities.Õ Ð Wallace E. Oates, University of Maryland, US ÔThe volume on Decentralization and Reform in Latin America is an important addition to the growing literature on decentralization. Some of the issues in the implementation and effectiveness of decentralization are similar all over the world, but there are issues of particular salience to Latin America, a region where decentralization reforms have come sometimes in the wake of major political reforms. This volume pays special attention to the complexity of issues (both relating to equity and efficiency) arising in the context of vertical fiscal imbalance and inter-governmental transfers, in the delivery of social services or investment spending, in the sharing of rent from natural resources among social and regional groups and in macro-fiscal stabilization. I expect the volume to receive widespread attention.Õ Ð Pranab Bhardan, University of California, Berkeley, US ÔWhen it comes to fiscal decentralization in developing countries, Latin America has long led the way. In the two decades prior to the mid-1990s, some countries in the region extensively decentralized expenditures, especially social expenditures, and to a much lesser extent revenues to subnational governments. Some excesses and distortions resulted from these initial efforts and over the next decade major attempts were made to offset such problems, primarily by changing fiscal rules and transfer systems. The recent boom in natural resource revenues has again exacerbated pressure on the intergovernmental fiscal system in many countries, leading to further attempts to adjust the flow of finance between governments in order to maintain macroeconomic balance while achieving both more effective service delivery and greater social cohesion. This book, which provides both description and analysis of the rich Latin American experience, should be required reading not only for all those interested in the region but for scholars and policy-makers anywhere who are concerned with the complex and many-faceted issues associated with decentralization.Õ Ð Richard M. Bird, University of Toronto, Canada ÔGiorgio Brosio and Juan Pablo JimŽnez have made a remarkable job in preparing the best comprehensive treatment of comparative decentralization experiences in Latin America. The volume reviews all aspects of the decentralization process: its constitutional roots and its contribution to social cohesion; the provision of social services and infrastructure; taxation, sharing in natural resource revenues and the design of the intergovernmental transfers; and its macro-financial implications and associated fiscal rules. It will be essential reading for analysts of fiscal and local government issues in the region and a very useful tool for Latin Americanists in general.Õ Ð JosŽ Antonio Ocampo, Professor, Columbia University. Former Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean and Finance Minister of Colombia Decentralisation and Reform in Latin America analyses the process of intergovernmental reform in Latin America in the last two decades and presents a number of emerging issues. These include the impacts of decentralization and the response of countries in the region to challenge such as social cohesion, interregional and interpersonal disparities, the assignment of social and infrastructure expenditure, macrofinancial shocks, fiscal rules and the sharing of natural resources revenue. The main aim of the book is to assess the effective working of decentralized arrangements and institutions, with a view of suggesting corrections and reforms where the system is not working according to expectations. Policymakers, researchers and academics with an interest in subjects related to public policy, fiscal rules, intergovernmental relations, governance and decentralization will find this book invaluable.
Negotiating Universalism in India and Latin America by Andres Mejia-Acosta,Louise Tillin Pdf
This book explores how vertical inter-governmental political and fiscal bargains and horizontal variation in political, social and economic conditions across regions contribute to or undermine the provision of inclusive and sustainable social policies at the subnational level in Latin America and India. The question of how to advance universal social rights while reducing territorial inequalities has been a central dilemma for Latin America and India. After several decades of ambitious decentralization reforms in both regions, the balance between local accountability versus centralized planning remains a theoretical and empirical problem in need of systematic exploration. The chapters in this volume incorporate both federal and decentralized unitary states, pointing to common political tensions across unitary and federal settings despite the typically greater institutionalization of regional autonomy in federal countries. The contributors examine the territorial dimension of universalism and explore, in greater and empirical detail, the causal links between fiscal transfers, social policies and outcomes, and highlight the political dynamics that shape fiscal decentralization reforms and the welfare state. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Regional & Federal Studies.
Leadership and Innovation in Subnational Government by Tim Campbell,Harald Fuhr Pdf
This publication examines the various innovative projects on-going in Latin America, where fledging and developing local government policies are being introduced for reforming and improving services for the local communities whom they serve. The emergence of decentralised democracies in this region of the world offers may new challenges, that are dependent on building communities open to enterprise and innovation. Among such innovations are popular participation, service delivery, privatization and personnel management. Case studies of such developments are documented in this publication. For outside agencies and countries providing donor finance to this region, a greater awareness is required of the local policies that are being implemented. The World Bank recommends a process of participation in public choice, and a fostering of greater co-operation at a local level.
Decentralization in Latin America by Arthur Morris,Stella Lowder Pdf
The concept of decentralization embraces several distinct processes, including the deconcentration of governmental and administrative functions, involving both their physical relocation and the devolution of powers, whether political or economic. This book presents a theoretical framework for observations of such phenomena in Latin America, relating them to the modern, or post-modern, tendencies of fragmentation of monolithic structures in many countries and in many fields of human activity. As such it is the first book to systematically examine the process in a particular region and to relate theoretical concepts to Latin American realities. Part I includes chapters illustrating the process in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru. The focus shifts according to the particular context, some chapters emphasize the contradictions posed by state development and political, and administrative structures, while others examine the impact of neo-liberal economic measures in relation to spontaneous decentralization of people and activities. Part II provides a detailed case study of Mexico, with analyses of both political and economic aspects as practiced by the state and the private sector of the economy. The volume concludes with a consideration of the extent to which these circumstances are common to other parts of the Third World. A significant volume for Latin American Studies collections and those involved with regional planning and economic geography and development.
Development Centre Seminars Democracy, Decentralisation and Deficits in Latin America by OECD,Inter-American Development Bank Pdf
What is the impact of political decentralisation in Latin America? This book considers the problems raised by political decentralisation in the region and identifies the challenges ahead. Political decentralisation tends to devolve a certain amount ...
