Demilitarization In The Contemporary World

Author : Peter N. Stearns
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780252095153

Get Book

Demilitarization in the Contemporary World by Peter N. Stearns Pdf

Contemporary world history has highlighted militarization in many ways, from the global Cold War and numerous regional conflicts to the general assumption that nationhood implies a significant and growing military. Yet the twentieth century also offers notable examples of large-scale demilitarization, both imposed and voluntary. Demilitarization in the Contemporary World fills a key gap in current historical understanding by examining demilitarization programs in Germany, Japan, Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Costa Rica. In nine insightful chapters, this volume's contributors outline each nation's demilitarization choices and how they were made. They investigate factors such as military defeat, border security risks, economic pressures, and the development of strong peace cultures among citizenry. Also at center stage is the influence of the United States, which fills a paradoxical role as both an enabler of demilitarization and a leader in steadily accelerating militarization. Bookended by Peter N. Stearns' thought-provoking historical introduction and forward-looking conclusion, the chapters in this volume explore what true demilitarization means and how it impacts a society at all levels, military and civilian, political and private. The examples chosen reveal that successful demilitarization must go beyond mere troop demobilization or arms reduction to generate significant political and even psychological shifts in the culture at large. Exemplifying the political difficulties of demilitarization in both its failures and successes, Demilitarization in the Contemporary World provides a possible roadmap for future policies and practices.

Author : Martin Shaw
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0745601995

Get Book

Militarism and World Society by Martin Shaw Pdf

Author : Sia Spiliopoulou Åkermark,Saila Heinikoski,Pirjo Kleemola-Juntunen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018-04-24
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781351605526

Get Book

Demilitarization and International Law in Context by Sia Spiliopoulou Åkermark,Saila Heinikoski,Pirjo Kleemola-Juntunen Pdf

The demilitarisation and neutralisation of the Åland Islands is a confirmation of, and an exception to, the collective security system in present-day international affairs. Its core idea is that there is no need for military presence in the territory of the islands and that they are to be kept out of military activities. A restricted use of military force has a confidence building effect in cases where competing interests may be so intense that banning the very presence of military force remains the only viable option. The regime of the Åland Islands is the result of pragmatic and contingent political compromises. As such, the case of the Åland Islands offers an alternative trajectory to the increased militarisation we witness around the world today. Through parliamentary and archival materials, international treaties and academic works, the authors examine the legal rules and institutional structures of the demilitarisation regime. In this process they reassess core concepts of international law and international affairs, such as sovereignty and security, and introduce a theoretical view on the empirical case study of the Åland Islands. The book covers legal, political and policy discursive aspects of demilitarisation, international co-operation, defence and security matters around the Baltic Sea with a broader European and global relevance. It can be a source of inspiration for all those in search of constructive efforts that can address territorial disputes and security challenges.

Author : Athanasia Spiliopoulou Åkermark,Saila Heinikoski,Pirjo Kleemola-Juntunen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Demilitarization (International law)
ISBN : 1138093300

Get Book

Demilitarisation and International Law in Context by Athanasia Spiliopoulou Åkermark,Saila Heinikoski,Pirjo Kleemola-Juntunen Pdf

Introduction : the goal and structure of the book -- The legal regulation of the demilitarisation and neutralisation of the Åland islands -- The law of the sea and the demilitarisation of Åland -- Regional security co-operation and the Åland islands -- Outlook and conclusions

Author : Glenn D. Hook
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2003-12-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781134975839

Get Book

Militarisation and Demilitarisation in Contemporary Japan by Glenn D. Hook Pdf

The intertwined issues of Japanese `identity' and `normality' are at the centre of the tension between internal and external pressures on Japanese defence and security policies. With chapters on peace thought, the militarisation and demilitarisation of language as well as the `hard' aspects of the Japanese military build up in the 1980s and the response to the Gulf War in the 1990s, this study challenges many of the preconceived notions on Japanese defence and security policies and the policy making process in Japan.

Author : Peter Stearns
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2014-04-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134757213

Get Book

Peace in World History by Peter Stearns Pdf

In Peace in World History, Peter N. Stearns examines the ideas of peace that have existed throughout history, and how societies have sought to put them into practice. Beginning with the status of peace in early hunter-gatherer and agricultural societies, and continuing through the present day, the narrative gives students a clear view of the ways people across the world have understood and striven to achieve peace throughout history. Topics covered include: Comparison of the ‘pax Romana’ and ‘pax Sinica’ of Rome and China Concepts of peace in Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam, and their historical impact The place of peace in the periods of expanding empires The emergence, starting in the 19th century, of formal schemes to promote peace amid increasingly destructive technologies for warfare Moving away from the view of history as a series of military conflicts, Peace in World History offers a new way of looking at world history by focusing on peace. Showing how concepts of peace have evolved over time even as they have been challenged by war and conflict, this lively and engaging narrative enables students to consider peace as a human possibility.

Author : Anna M. Wittmann
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 407 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2016-12-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781440834257

Get Book

Talking Conflict by Anna M. Wittmann Pdf

In today's information era, the use of specific words and language can serve as powerful tools that incite violence—or sanitize and conceal the ugliness of war. This book examines the complex, "twisted" language of conflict. Why is the term "collateral damage" used when military strikes kill civilians? What is a "catastrophic success"? What is the difference between a privileged and unprivileged enemy belligerent? How does deterrence differ from detente? What does "hybrid warfare" mean, and how is it different from "asymmetric warfare"? How is shell shock different from battle fatigue and PTSD? These are only a few of the questions that Talking Conflict: The Loaded Language of Genocide, Political Violence, Terrorism, and Warfare answers in its exploration of euphemisms, "warspeak," "doublespeak," and propagandistic terms. This handbook of alphabetically listed entries is prefaced by an introductory overview that provides background information about how language is used to obfuscate or minimize descriptions of armed conflict or genocide and presents examples of the major rhetorical devices used in this subject matter. The book focuses on the "loaded" language of conflict, with many of the entries demonstrating the function of given terms as euphemisms, propaganda, or circumlocutions. Each entry is accompanied by a list of cross references and "Further Reading" suggestions that point readers to pertinent sources for further research. This book is ideal for students—especially those studying political science, international relations, and genocide—as well as general readers.

Author : Judith Eve Lipton,David P. Barash
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2018-09-10
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190908737

Get Book

Strength Through Peace by Judith Eve Lipton,David P. Barash Pdf

Costa Rica is the only full-fledged and totally independent country to be entirely demilitarized. Its military was abolished in 1948, with the keys to the armory handed to the Department of Education. Socially, Costa Rica is a success story. Although 94th in the world for GDP, it is in the top 10 on various measurements of health and well-being. Citizens enjoy high standards of living that include universal access to healthcare, education, and pensions. In addition, the country practices sustainable resource management, such as reforestation and the development of solar and wind power, and it expects to be carbon neutral by 2020. Hunting is illegal. 25% of the landmass is parks and reserves. The government supports universal health care, especially maternal and child health. Costa Rica even has a Blue Zone, an area where people live extraordinarily long, healthy lives. To some extent, Costa Rica is simply lucky: it was largely inaccessible, and it had virtually no precious minerals, therefore it was mostly spared the ravages of predatory colonialism. The Costa Rican people made very good social decisions, ranging from an avowed commitment to social democracy at the national level, to local land distribution to develop stable middle class farmers. But Costa Rica's neighbors have not enjoyed nearly as much peace and prosperity. It is unlikely that Costa Rica's demilitarization and its remarkable social success are coincidental; clearly, something special is going on. Through good luck, good leadership, and good decisions, Costa Rica has become arguably the sanest and most progressive country on earth. This book examines how and why Costa Rica is safe and independent without any military at all, and what the rest of us can learn from its success.

Author : Frauke Lachenmann,Rüdiger Wolfrum
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1473 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780198784623

Get Book

The Law of Armed Conflict and the Use of Force by Frauke Lachenmann,Rüdiger Wolfrum Pdf

"Published under the auspices of the Max Planck Foundation for International Peace and the Rule of Law."

Author : Judith Eve Lipton,David P. Barash
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018-09-10
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780199924981

Get Book

Strength Through Peace by Judith Eve Lipton,David P. Barash Pdf

Costa Rica is the only full-fledged and totally independent country to be entirely demilitarized. Its military was abolished in 1948, with the keys to the armory handed to the Department of Education. Socially, Costa Rica is a success story. Although 94th in the world for GDP, it is in the top 10 on various measurements of health and well-being. Citizens enjoy high standards of living that include universal access to healthcare, education, and pensions. In addition, the country practices sustainable resource management, such as reforestation and the development of solar and wind power, and it expects to be carbon neutral by 2020. Hunting is illegal. 25% of the landmass is parks and reserves. The government supports universal health care, especially maternal and child health. Costa Rica even has a Blue Zone, an area where people live extraordinarily long, healthy lives. To some extent, Costa Rica is simply lucky: it was largely inaccessible, and it had virtually no precious minerals, therefore it was mostly spared the ravages of predatory colonialism. The Costa Rican people made very good social decisions, ranging from an avowed commitment to social democracy at the national level, to local land distribution to develop stable middle class farmers. But Costa Rica's neighbors have not enjoyed nearly as much peace and prosperity. It is unlikely that Costa Rica's demilitarization and its remarkable social success are coincidental; clearly, something special is going on. Through good luck, good leadership, and good decisions, Costa Rica has become arguably the sanest and most progressive country on earth. This book examines how and why Costa Rica is safe and independent without any military at all, and what the rest of us can learn from its success.

Author : Gabriel Ondetti
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781108830850

Get Book

Property Threats and the Politics of Anti-Statism by Gabriel Ondetti Pdf

Contemporary tax burden differences in Latin America are a function of historical threats to private property.

Author : Peter N. Stearns
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018-12-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781350054356

Get Book

Cultural Change in Modern World History by Peter N. Stearns Pdf

In this innovative textbook, leading world historian Peter Stearns analyses key examples of culture change from around the world, highlighting what culture change involves and how it can be explained and assessed, both historically and in the contemporary world. Culture change is one of the most interesting and significant features of human society, but until now there has been no book for the classroom which looks explicitly at this phenomenon. Cultural Change in Modern World History covers different kinds and levels of culture change since 1500 – from colonial culture contact in British India to modernization in Meiji Japan and changing attitudes towards gay marriage in the past decade – considering how we should define culture change, how to deal with causation and how to evaluate continuities and consequences. Stearns addresses fundamental questions: why do groups of people change their beliefs and values, and what happens when they do? Conversely, why do some groups resist culture change, and how do some manage to combine novel and more traditional cultural components? Figuring out how better to understand why groups or societies change their minds – or refuse to do so – provides a crucial perspective on human behaviors and values. As the first book to explore this important question, Cultural Change in Modern World History is a ground-breaking text for students of world history, cultural history and anthropology.

Author : Pauline Eadie,Wyn Rees
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2015-09-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317502630

Get Book

The Evolution of Military Power in the West and Asia by Pauline Eadie,Wyn Rees Pdf

This book investigates how states in both the West and Asia have responded to multi-dimensional security challenges since the end of the Cold War, focusing on military transformation. Looking at a cross-section of different countries, this volume assesses how their armed forces have responded to a changing international security context. The book investigates two main themes. First, how the process of military ‘transformation’- in terms of technological advances and new ways of conducting warfare - has impacted on the militaries of various countries. These technologies are hugely expensive and the extent to which different states can afford them, and the ability of these states to utilise these technologies, differs greatly. Second, the volume investigates the social dimensions of military transformation. It reveals the expanding breadth of tasks that contemporary armed forces have been required to address. This includes the need for military forces to work with other actors, such as non-governmental agencies and humanitarian organisations, and the ability of armed forces to fight asymmetric opponents and conduct post-conflict reconstruction tasks. The conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan exemplified how important the relationship between technological and social transformation has become. This book will be of much interest to students of strategic studies, military innovation, Asian politics, security studies and International Relations.

Author : Brian Orend
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781509525003

Get Book

War and Political Theory by Brian Orend Pdf

In a world that continues to be riven by armed conflict, the fundamental moral and political questions raised by warfare are as important as ever. Under what circumstances are we justified in going to war? Can conflicts be waged in a ‘moral’ way? Is war an inevitable feature of a world driven by power politics? What are the new ethical challenges raised by new weapons and technology, from drones to swarming attack robots? This book is an engaging and up-to-date examination of these questions and more, penned by a foremost expert in the field. Using many historical cases, it examines all the core disputes and doctrines, ranging from realism to pacifism, from just war theory and international law, to feminism and the democratic peace thesis. Its scope stretches from the primordial causes and perennial drivers of war to the cyber-centric space-age future of armed conflict in the 21st century. War and Political Theory is essential reading for anyone, whether advanced expert or undergraduate, who wants to understand the pressing empirical realities and theoretical issues, historical and contemporary, associated with armed conflict.

Author : Jennifer Turpin,Lois Ann Lorentzen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317958857

Get Book

The Gendered New World Order by Jennifer Turpin,Lois Ann Lorentzen Pdf

Ecological security seems increasingly precarious and battles over land and models of economic development now lead to military conflicts. The Gendered New World Order addresses the compelling issue of how gender connects the global problems of militarism, underdevelopment, and environmental decay. Scholars from around the world make connections between seemingly disparate issues such as refugees, polluted waters, bombed vilages, massive dam projects, starving children, deforestation, nuclear arms buildup and the rights of women.