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Author : Charles Call,Charles T. Call,Washington Office on Latin America
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Central America
ISBN : UCBK:C084968850
Author : Robert Earl Maguire
Publisher : Coral Gables, Fla. : North-South Center Press, University of Miami
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Civil-military relations
ISBN : UTEXAS:059173001662865
Author : John Bailey,Lucía Dammert
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780822972945
Public Security and Police Reform in the Americas examines how security problems are addressed in the United States and Latin America, asserting that understanding the policies of other nations can lead to greater success in the arena of public security.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Alternatives for the Demilitarization of Conventional Munitions
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019-01-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309477352
The U.S. military has a stockpile of approximately 400,000 tons of excess, obsolete, or unserviceable munitions. About 60,000 tons are added to the stockpile each year. Munitions include projectiles, bombs, rockets, landmines, and missiles. Open burning/open detonation (OB/OD) of these munitions has been a common disposal practice for decades, although it has decreased significantly since 2011. OB/OD is relatively quick, procedurally straightforward, and inexpensive. However, the downside of OB and OD is that they release contaminants from the operation directly into the environment. Over time, a number of technology alternatives to OB/OD have become available and more are in research and development. Alternative technologies generally involve some type of contained destruction of the energetic materials, including contained burning or contained detonation as well as contained methods that forego combustion or detonation. Alternatives for the Demilitarization of Conventional Munitions reviews the current conventional munitions demilitarization stockpile and analyzes existing and emerging disposal, treatment, and reuse technologies. This report identifies and evaluates any barriers to full-scale deployment of alternatives to OB/OD or non-closed loop incineration/combustion, and provides recommendations to overcome such barriers.
Author : Albert J. Mauroni
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2003-04-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780313051685
For more than 15 years, the Army's chemical demilitarization program has been criticized and castigated as a potentially dangerous effort, poorly executed without concern for the public. By reviewing the chemical demilitarization program as a public policy area, Mauroni offers a different perspective on how the Army worked with Congress and the public to offer the safest program possible. The Army was forced to delay its own schedule and increase the breadth and depth of the program to address political demands and idealistic environmental concerns. Mauroni contends that Army and Department of Defense leadership's insistence on treating this program as a strictly technical effort, rather than as a public policy concern is in part responsible for the public's misunderstanding of the Army's execution of the program. Despite its challenges, the Army is well on its way to accomplishing its goal of destroying the U.S. chemical weapons stockpile with no impact on the public or environment. They have stumbled through, however, rather than planned their exit. According to Mauroni, the Army needs to examine this program carefully to identify how to address public policy questions better in the future, to include responding to chemical and biological terrorism, developing a biological warfare vaccine program, and addressing future Gulf War illness questions. Their failure to learn will otherwise result in a continued inability to address critical questions on how they respond to chemical and biological warfare issues.
Author : Coletta Youngers,Eileen Rosin
Publisher : Lynne Rienner Publishers
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1588262545
While the U.S. has failed to reduce the supply of cocaine and heroin entering its borders, it has, however, succeeded in generating widespread, often profoundly damaging, consequences on democracy and human rights in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Author : Richard A. Falk
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108493130
Highlights the threats posed by nuclear weapons and shows a way to denuclearization through the application of international law.
Author : Peter N. Stearns
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780252095153
Contemporary world history has highlighted militarization in many ways, from the global Cold War and numerous regional conflicts to the general assumption that nationhood implies a significant and growing military. Yet the twentieth century also offers notable examples of large-scale demilitarization, both imposed and voluntary. Demilitarization in the Contemporary World fills a key gap in current historical understanding by examining demilitarization programs in Germany, Japan, Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Costa Rica. In nine insightful chapters, this volume's contributors outline each nation's demilitarization choices and how they were made. They investigate factors such as military defeat, border security risks, economic pressures, and the development of strong peace cultures among citizenry. Also at center stage is the influence of the United States, which fills a paradoxical role as both an enabler of demilitarization and a leader in steadily accelerating militarization. Bookended by Peter N. Stearns' thought-provoking historical introduction and forward-looking conclusion, the chapters in this volume explore what true demilitarization means and how it impacts a society at all levels, military and civilian, political and private. The examples chosen reveal that successful demilitarization must go beyond mere troop demobilization or arms reduction to generate significant political and even psychological shifts in the culture at large. Exemplifying the political difficulties of demilitarization in both its failures and successes, Demilitarization in the Contemporary World provides a possible roadmap for future policies and practices.
Author : Philip Williams,Knut Walter
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1997-12-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780822971863
With the resignation of General Renee Emilio Ponce in March 1993, the Salvadorian army’s sixty-year domination of El Salvador came to an end. The country’s January 1992 peace accords stripped the military of the power it once enjoyed, placing many areas under civilian rule. Establishing civilian control during the transition to democracy was no easy task, especially for a country that had never experienced even a brief period of democracy in its history. Phillip J. Williams and Knut Walter argue that prolonged military rule produced powerful obstacles that limited the possibilities for demilitarization in the wake of the peace accords. The failure of the accords to address several key aspects of the military’s political power had important implications for the democratic transition and for future civil-military relations. Drawing on an impressive array of primary source materials and interviews, this book will be valuable to students, scholars, and policy makers concerned with civil-military relations, democratic transitions, and the peace process in Central America.
Author : Annika S Hansen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 145 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9781136050640
An examination of the role of civilian police in peace operations, which has expanded greatly since the early 1990s and has culminated in international policemen assuming responsibility for law and order in Kosovo and East Timor. It looks at the way civilian police play a critical role in reforming local police forces and at times enforcing the law themselves.
Author : Kirk S. Bowman
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780271046464
Do Third World countries benefit from having large militaries, or does this impede their development? Kirk Bowman uses statistical analysis to demonstrate that militarization has had a particularly malignant impact in this region. For his quantitative comparison he draws on longitudinal data for a sample of 76 developing countries and for 18 Latin American nations. To illuminate the causal mechanisms at work, Bowman offers a detailed comparison of Costa Rica and Honduras between 1948 and 1998. The case studies not only serve to bolster his general argument about the harmful effects of militarization but also provide many new insights into the processes of democratic consolidation and economic transformation in these two Central American countries.
Author : David H. Bayley
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Democratization
ISBN : PURD:32754074478433
Author : Dilip Das,Marenin Otwin
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-10-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781136648168
In this text, the editors analyze the diverse situations that police forces operate under and the challenges that they face in different kinds of democracies. This cross-cultural comparison of various systems highlights the universal observation that police are a anomaly in a democracy and explores how various influences-for example, large-scale social violence, a zeal for crime fighting, and vulnerability to temptation-often find police incapable of behaving in a democratic manner. Challenges of Policing Democracies goes beyond just showing the similarities and differences of the policing challenges democratic societies face, it also examines the responses and remedies adopted by police in various countries at different levels of democratic achievement and how every society struggles with the challenges of preserving democratic values without sacrificing the effectiveness of policing.
Author : Athanasia Spiliopoulou Åkermark,Saila Heinikoski,Pirjo Kleemola-Juntunen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Demilitarization (International law)
ISBN : 1138093300
Introduction : the goal and structure of the book -- The legal regulation of the demilitarisation and neutralisation of the Åland islands -- The law of the sea and the demilitarisation of Åland -- Regional security co-operation and the Åland islands -- Outlook and conclusions
Author : Seth G. Jones,Jeremy M. Wilson,Andrew Rathmell,K. Jack Riley
Publisher : Rand Corporation
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2005-08-06
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780833040923
In a nation-building operation, outside states invest much of their resources in establishing and maintaining the host country's police, internal security forces, and justice system. This book examines post-Cold War reconstruction efforts, such as those in Iraq and Afghanistan, and assesses the success of U.S. and allied efforts in reconstructing internal security institutions.