Design Automation For Timing Driven Layout Synthesis

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Design Automation for Timing-Driven Layout Synthesis

S. Sapatnekar,Sung-Mo (Steve) Kang
Design Automation for Timing Driven Layout Synthesis Book PDF

Author : S. Sapatnekar,Sung-Mo (Steve) Kang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461531784

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Design Automation for Timing-Driven Layout Synthesis by S. Sapatnekar,Sung-Mo (Steve) Kang Pdf

Moore's law [Noy77], which predicted that the number of devices in tegrated on a chip would be doubled every two years, was accurate for a number of years. Only recently has the level of integration be gun to slow down somewhat due to the physical limits of integration technology. Advances in silicon technology have allowed Ie design ers to integrate more than a few million transistors on a chip; even a whole system of moderate complexity can now be implemented on a single chip. To keep pace with the increasing complexity in very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuits, the productivity of chip designers would have to increase at the same rate as the level of integration. Without such an increase in productivity, the design of complex systems might not be achievable within a reasonable time-frame. The rapidly increasing complexity of VLSI circuits has made de- 1 2 INTRODUCTION sign automation an absolute necessity, since the required increase in productivity can only be accomplished with the use of sophisticated design tools. Such tools also enable designers to perform trade-off analyses of different logic implementations and to make well-informed design decisions.

Analog Device-Level Layout Automation

John M. Cohn,David J. Garrod,Rob A. Rutenbar,Rick Carley
Analog Device Level Layout Automation Book PDF

Author : John M. Cohn,David J. Garrod,Rob A. Rutenbar,Rick Carley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461527565

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Analog Device-Level Layout Automation by John M. Cohn,David J. Garrod,Rob A. Rutenbar,Rick Carley Pdf

This book presents a detailed summary of research on automatic layout of device-level analog circuits that was undertaken in the late 1980s and early 1990s at Carnegie Mellon University. We focus on the work behind the creation of the tools called KOAN and ANAGRAM II, which form part of the core of the CMU ACACIA analog CAD system. KOAN is a device placer for custom analog cells; ANANGRAM II a detailed area router for these analog cells. We strive to present the motivations behind the architecture of these tools, including detailed discussion of the subtle technology and circuit concerns that must be addressed in any successful analog or mixed-signal layout tool. Our approach in organizing the chapters of the book has been to present our algo rithms as a series of responses to these very real and very difficult analog layout problems. Finally, we present numerous examples of results generated by our algorithms. This research was supported in part by the Semiconductor Research Corpora tion, by the National Science Foundation, by Harris Semiconductor, and by the International Business Machines Corporation Resident Study Program. Finally, just for the record: John Cohn was the designer of the KOAN placer; David Garrod was the designer of the ANAGRAM II router (and its predeces sor, ANAGRAM I). This book was architected by all four authors, edited by John Cohn and Rob Rutenbar, and produced in finished form by John Cohn.

Application-Driven Architecture Synthesis

Francky Catthoor,Lars-Gunnar Svensson
Application Driven Architecture Synthesis Book PDF

Author : Francky Catthoor,Lars-Gunnar Svensson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461532422

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Application-Driven Architecture Synthesis by Francky Catthoor,Lars-Gunnar Svensson Pdf

Application-Driven Architecture Synthesis describes the state of the art of architectural synthesis for complex real-time processing. In order to deal with the stringent timing requirements and the intricacies of complex real-time signal and data processing, target architecture styles and target application domains have been adopted to make the synthesis approach feasible. These approaches are also heavily application-driven, which is illustrated by many realistic demonstrations, used as examples in the book. The focus is on domains where application-specific solutions are attractive, such as significant parts of audio, telecom, instrumentation, speech, robotics, medical and automotive processing, image and video processing, TV, multi-media, radar, sonar. Application-Driven Architecture Synthesis is of interest to both academics and senior design engineers and CAD managers in industry. It provides an excellent overview of what capabilities to expect from future practical design tools, and includes an extensive bibliography.

High-Level Synthesis for Real-Time Digital Signal Processing

Jan Vanhoof,Karl Van Rompaey,Ivo Bolsens,Gert Goossens,Hugo De Man
High Level Synthesis for Real Time Digital Signal Processing Book PDF

Author : Jan Vanhoof,Karl Van Rompaey,Ivo Bolsens,Gert Goossens,Hugo De Man
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781475722222

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High-Level Synthesis for Real-Time Digital Signal Processing by Jan Vanhoof,Karl Van Rompaey,Ivo Bolsens,Gert Goossens,Hugo De Man Pdf

High-Level Synthesis for Real-Time Digital Signal Processing is a comprehensive reference work for researchers and practicing ASIC design engineers. It focuses on methods for compiling complex, low to medium throughput DSP system, and on the implementation of these methods in the CATHEDRAL-II compiler. The emergence of independent silicon foundries, the reduced price of silicon real estate and the shortened processing turn-around time bring silicon technology within reach of system houses. Even for low volumes, digital systems on application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) are becoming an economically meaningful alternative for traditional boards with analogue and digital commodity chips. ASICs cover the application region where inefficiencies inherent to general-purpose components cannot be tolerated. However, full-custom handcrafted ASIC design is often not affordable in this competitive market. Long design times, a high development cost for a low production volume, the lack of silicon designers and the lack of suited design facilities are inherent difficulties to manual full-custom chip design. To overcome these drawbacks, complex systems have to be integrated in ASICs much faster and without losing too much efficiency in silicon area and operation speed compared to handcrafted chips. The gap between system design and silicon design can only be bridged by new design (CAD). The idea of a silicon compiler, translating a behavioural system specification directly into silicon, was born from the awareness that the ability to fabricate chips is indeed outrunning the ability to design them. At this moment, CAD is one order of magnitude behind schedule. Conceptual CAD is the keyword to mastering the design complexity in ASIC design and the topic of this book.

Timing Analysis and Optimization of Sequential Circuits

Naresh Maheshwari,S. Sapatnekar
Timing Analysis and Optimization of Sequential Circuits Book PDF

Author : Naresh Maheshwari,S. Sapatnekar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461556374

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Timing Analysis and Optimization of Sequential Circuits by Naresh Maheshwari,S. Sapatnekar Pdf

Recent years have seen rapid strides in the level of sophistication of VLSI circuits. On the performance front, there is a vital need for techniques to design fast, low-power chips with minimum area for increasingly complex systems, while on the economic side there is the vastly increased pressure of time-to-market. These pressures have made the use of CAD tools mandatory in designing complex systems. Timing Analysis and Optimization of Sequential Circuits describes CAD algorithms for analyzing and optimizing the timing behavior of sequential circuits with special reference to performance parameters such as power and area. A unified approach to performance analysis and optimization of sequential circuits is presented. The state of the art in timing analysis and optimization techniques is described for circuits using edge-triggered or level-sensitive memory elements. Specific emphasis is placed on two methods that are true sequential timing optimizations techniques: retiming and clock skew optimization. Timing Analysis and Optimization of Sequential Circuits covers the following topics: Algorithms for sequential timing analysis Fast algorithms for clock skew optimization and their applications Efficient techniques for retiming large sequential circuits Coupling sequential and combinational optimizations. Timing Analysis and Optimization of Sequential Circuits is written for graduate students, researchers and professionals in the area of CAD for VLSI and VLSI circuit design.

Circuit Synthesis with VHDL

Roland Airiau,Jean-Michel Bergé,Vincent Olive
Circuit Synthesis with VHDL Book PDF

Author : Roland Airiau,Jean-Michel Bergé,Vincent Olive
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461527602

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Circuit Synthesis with VHDL by Roland Airiau,Jean-Michel Bergé,Vincent Olive Pdf

One of the main applications of VHDL is the synthesis of electronic circuits. Circuit Synthesis with VHDL is an introduction to the use of VHDL logic (RTL) synthesis tools in circuit design. The modeling styles proposed are independent of specific market tools and focus on constructs widely recognized as synthesizable by synthesis tools. A statement of the prerequisites for synthesis is followed by a short introduction to the VHDL concepts used in synthesis. Circuit Synthesis with VHDL presents two possible approaches to synthesis: the first starts with VHDL features and derives hardware counterparts; the second starts from a given hardware component and derives several description styles. The book also describes how to introduce the synthesis design cycle into existing design methodologies and the standard synthesis environment. Circuit Synthesis with VHDL concludes with a case study providing a realistic example of the design flow from behavioral description down to the synthesized level. Circuit Synthesis with VHDL is essential reading for all students, researchers, design engineers and managers working with VHDL in a synthesis environment.

Algorithms for Synthesis and Testing of Asynchronous Circuits

Luciano Lavagno,Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli
Algorithms for Synthesis and Testing of Asynchronous Circuits Book PDF

Author : Luciano Lavagno,Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461532125

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Algorithms for Synthesis and Testing of Asynchronous Circuits by Luciano Lavagno,Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli Pdf

Since the second half of the 1980s asynchronous circuits have been the subject of a great deal of research following a period of relative oblivion. The lack of interest in asynchronous techniques was motivated by the progressive shift towards synchronous design techniques that had much more structure and were much easier to verify and synthesize. System design requirements made it impossible to eliminate totally the use of asynchronous circuits. Given the objective difficulty encountered by designers, the asynchronous components of electronic systems such as interfaces became a serious bottleneck in the design process. The use of new models and some theoretical breakthroughs made it possible to develop asynchronous design techniques that were reliable and effective. This book describes a variety of mathematical models and of algorithms that form the backbone and the body of a new design methodology for asyn chronous design. The book is intended for asynchronous hardware designers, for computer-aided tool experts, and for digital designers interested in ex ploring the possibility of designing asynchronous circuits. It requires a solid mathematical background in discrete event systems and algorithms. While the book has not been written as a textbook, nevertheless it could be used as a reference book in an advanced course in logic synthesis or asynchronous design.

VLSI Design Methodologies for Digital Signal Processing Architectures

Magdy A. Bayoumi
VLSI Design Methodologies for Digital Signal Processing Architectures Book PDF

Author : Magdy A. Bayoumi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 407 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461527626

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VLSI Design Methodologies for Digital Signal Processing Architectures by Magdy A. Bayoumi Pdf

Designing VLSI systems represents a challenging task. It is a transfonnation among different specifications corresponding to different levels of design: abstraction, behavioral, stntctural and physical. The behavioral level describes the functionality of the design. It consists of two components; static and dynamic. The static component describes operations, whereas the dynamic component describes sequencing and timing. The structural level contains infonnation about components, control and connectivity. The physical level describes the constraints that should be imposed on the floor plan, the placement of components, and the geometry of the design. Constraints of area, speed and power are also applied at this level. To implement such multilevel transfonnation, a design methodology should be devised, taking into consideration the constraints, limitations and properties of each level. The mapping process between any of these domains is non-isomorphic. A single behavioral component may be transfonned into more than one structural component. Design methodologies are the most recent evolution in the design automation era, which started off with the introduction and subsequent usage of module generation especially for regular structures such as PLA's and memories. A design methodology should offer an integrated design system rather than a set of separate unrelated routines and tools. A general outline of a desired integrated design system is as follows: * Decide on a certain unified framework for all design levels. * Derive a design method based on this framework. * Create a design environment to implement this design method.

An Analog VLSI System for Stereoscopic Vision

Misha Mahowald
An Analog VLSI System for Stereoscopic Vision Book PDF

Author : Misha Mahowald
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461527244

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An Analog VLSI System for Stereoscopic Vision by Misha Mahowald Pdf

An Analog VLSI System for Stereoscopic Vision investigates the interaction of the physical medium and the computation in both biological and analog VLSI systems by synthesizing a functional neuromorphic system in silicon. In both the synthesis and analysis of the system, a point of view from within the system is adopted rather than that of an omniscient designer drawing a blueprint. This perspective projects the design and the designer into a living landscape. The motivation for a machine-centered perspective is explained in the first chapter. The second chapter describes the evolution of the silicon retina. The retina accurately encodes visual information over orders of magnitude of ambient illumination, using mismatched components that are calibrated as part of the encoding process. The visual abstraction created by the retina is suitable for transmission through a limited bandwidth channel. The third chapter introduces a general method for interchip communication, the address-event representation, which is used for transmission of retinal data. The address-event representation takes advantage of the speed of CMOS relative to biological neurons to preserve the information of biological action potentials using digital circuitry in place of axons. The fourth chapter describes a collective circuit that computes stereodisparity. In this circuit, the processing that corrects for imperfections in the hardware compensates for inherent ambiguity in the environment. The fifth chapter demonstrates a primitive working stereovision system. An Analog VLSI System for Stereoscopic Vision contributes to both computer engineering and neuroscience at a concrete level. Through the construction of a working analog of biological vision subsystems, new circuits for building brain-style analog computers have been developed. Specific neuropysiological and psychophysical results in terms of underlying electronic mechanisms are explained. These examples demonstrate the utility of using biological principles for building brain-style computers and the significance of building brain-style computers for understanding the nervous system.

Logic Synthesis and Optimization

Tsutomu Sasao
Logic Synthesis and Optimization Book PDF

Author : Tsutomu Sasao
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461531548

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Logic Synthesis and Optimization by Tsutomu Sasao Pdf

Logic Synthesis and Optimization presents up-to-date research information in a pedagogical form. The authors are recognized as the leading experts on the subject. The focus of the book is on logic minimization and includes such topics as two-level minimization, multi-level minimization, application of binary decision diagrams, delay optimization, asynchronous circuits, spectral method for logic design, field programmable gate array (FPGA) design, EXOR logic synthesis and technology mapping. Examples and illustrations are included so that each contribution can be read independently. Logic Synthesis and Optimization is an indispensable reference for academic researchers as well as professional CAD engineers.

Timing

Sachin Sapatnekar
Timing Book PDF

Author : Sachin Sapatnekar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2004-06-02
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781402076718

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Timing by Sachin Sapatnekar Pdf

With the advent of nanometer technologies, circuit performance constraints are becoming ever more stringent. In this context, automated timing analysis and optimization becomes imperative for the design of high-performance circuits that must satisfy a demanding set of constraints. Timing overviews the state of the art in timing analysis and optimization, and is intended to serve as a compendium that can provide an introduction to the uninitiated reader, as a ready reference for a practitioner, or as a source for the accomplished researcher. A comprehensive overview of the basics of timing analysis is provided, and this is augmented with techniques that incorporate physical effects arising in deep submicron and nanometer technologies. The book provides an in-depth treatment of the analysis of interconnect systems, static timing analysis for combinational circuits, timing analysis for sequential circuits, and timing optimization techniques at the transistor and layout levels. The intended audience includes CAD tool developers, graduate students, research professionals, and the merely curious.

A Formal Approach to Hardware Design

Jørgen Staunstrup
A Formal Approach to Hardware Design Book PDF

Author : Jørgen Staunstrup
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461527640

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A Formal Approach to Hardware Design by Jørgen Staunstrup Pdf

A Formal Approach to Hardware Design discusses designing computations to be realised by application specific hardware. It introduces a formal design approach based on a high-level design language called Synchronized Transitions. The models created using Synchronized Transitions enable the designer to perform different kinds of analysis and verification based on descriptions in a single language. It is, for example, possible to use exactly the same design description both for mechanically supported verification and synthesis. Synchronized Transitions is supported by a collection of public domain CAD tools. These tools can be used with the book in presenting a course on the subject. A Formal Approach to Hardware Design illustrates the benefits to be gained from adopting such techniques, but it does so without assuming prior knowledge of formal design methods. The book is thus not only an excellent reference, it is also suitable for use by students and practitioners.

Motion Analysis and Image Sequence Processing

M. Ibrahim Sezan,Reginald L. Lagendijk
Motion Analysis and Image Sequence Processing Book PDF

Author : M. Ibrahim Sezan,Reginald L. Lagendijk
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 499 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461532361

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Motion Analysis and Image Sequence Processing by M. Ibrahim Sezan,Reginald L. Lagendijk Pdf

An image or video sequence is a series of two-dimensional (2-D) images sequen tially ordered in time. Image sequences can be acquired, for instance, by video, motion picture, X-ray, or acoustic cameras, or they can be synthetically gen erated by sequentially ordering 2-D still images as in computer graphics and animation. The use of image sequences in areas such as entertainment, visual communications, multimedia, education, medicine, surveillance, remote control, and scientific research is constantly growing as the use of television and video systems are becoming more and more common. The boosted interest in digital video for both consumer and professional products, along with the availability of fast processors and memory at reasonable costs, has been a major driving force behind this growth. Before we elaborate on the two major terms that appear in the title of this book, namely motion analysis and image sequence processing, we like to place them in their proper contexts within the range of possible operations that involve image sequences. In this book, we choose to classify these operations into three major categories, namely (i) image sequence processing, (ii) image sequence analysis, and (iii) visualization. The interrelationship among these three categories is pictorially described in Figure 1 below in the form of an "image sequence triangle".

Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation

Eli Chiprout,Michel S. Nakhla
Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation Book PDF

Author : Eli Chiprout,Michel S. Nakhla
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461531166

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Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation by Eli Chiprout,Michel S. Nakhla Pdf

The intense drive for signal integrity has been at the forefront ofrapid and new developments in CAD algorithms. Thousands ofengineers, intent on achieving the best design possible, use SPICE on a daily basis for analog simulation and general circuit analysis. But the strained demand for high data speeds, coupled with miniaturizationon an unprecedented scale, has highlighted the previously negligible effects of interconnects; effects which are not always handled appro priately by the present levels of SPICE. Signals at these higher speeds may be degraded by long interconnect lengths compared to the increasingly shorter sig nal rise times. Interconnect structures can be diverse (pins, connectors, leads, microstrips, striplines, etc. ) and present at any of the hierarchical packaging levels: integrated circuits, printed circuit boards, multi-chip modules or sys tem backplanes. Analysis of these effects in any CAD package has become a necessity. Asymptotic waveform evaluation (AWE) and other moment matching tech niques have recently proven useful in the analysis of interconnect structures and various networks containing large linear structures with nonlinear termi nations. Previously, all that was available to the designer was a full SPICE simulation or a quick but uncertain timing estimation. Moment matching, used in linear systems analysis as a method of model reduction, describes a method to extract a small set of dominant poles from a large network. The information is obtained from the Taylor series coefficients (moments) of that system.

BiCMOS Technology and Applications

Antonio R. Alvarez
BiCMOS Technology and Applications Book PDF

Author : Antonio R. Alvarez
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461532187

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BiCMOS Technology and Applications by Antonio R. Alvarez Pdf

BiCMOS Technology and Applications, Second Edition provides a synthesis of available knowledge about the combination of bipolar and MOS transistors in a common integrated circuit - BiCMOS. In this new edition all chapters have been updated and completely new chapters on emerging topics have been added. In addition, BiCMOS Technology and Applications, Second Edition provides the reader with a knowledge of either CMOS or Bipolar technology/design a reference with which they can make educated decisions regarding the viability of BiCMOS in their own application. BiCMOS Technology and Applications, Second Edition is vital reading for practicing integrated circuit engineers as well as technical managers trying to evaluate business issues related to BiCMOS. As a textbook, this book is also appropriate at the graduate level for a special topics course in BiCMOS. A general knowledge in device physics, processing and circuit design is assumed. Given the division of the book, it lends itself well to a two-part course; one on technology and one on design. This will provide advanced students with a good understanding of tradeoffs between bipolar and MOS devices and circuits.