Determinism And Free Will

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Determinism and Free Will

Fabio Scardigli,Gerard 't Hooft,Emanuele Severino,Piero Coda
Determinism and Free Will Book PDF

Author : Fabio Scardigli,Gerard 't Hooft,Emanuele Severino,Piero Coda
Publisher : Springer
Page : 119 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030055059

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Determinism and Free Will by Fabio Scardigli,Gerard 't Hooft,Emanuele Severino,Piero Coda Pdf

In this small book, theoretical physicist Gerard 't Hooft (Nobel prize 1999), philosopher Emanuele Severino (Lincei Academician), and theologian Piero Coda (Pontifical Lateran University) confront one another on a topic that lies at the roots of quantum mechanics and at the origin of Western thought: Determinism and Free Will. "God does not play dice" said Einstein, a tenacious determinist. Quantum Mechanics and its clash with General Relativity have reanimated ancient dilemmas about chance and necessity: Is Nature deterministic? Is Man free? The “free-will theorem” by Conway and Kochen, and the deterministic interpretation of quantum mechanics proposed by 't Hooft, revive such philosophical questions in modern Physics. Is Becoming real? Is the Elementary Event a product of the Case? The cyclopean clash between Heraclitus and Parmenides has entered a new episode, as evidenced by the essays in this volume.

Causes, Laws, and Free Will

Kadri Vihvelin
Causes Laws and Free Will Book PDF

Author : Kadri Vihvelin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-27
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780199795185

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Causes, Laws, and Free Will by Kadri Vihvelin Pdf

This book rescues compatibilists from the familiar charge of 'quagmire of evasion' by arguing that the problem of free will and determinism is a metaphysical problem with a metaphysical solution. There is no good reason to think that determinism would rob us of the free will we think we have.

Why Free Will Is Real

Christian List
Why Free Will Is Real Book PDF

Author : Christian List
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2019-05-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674239814

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Why Free Will Is Real by Christian List Pdf

A crystal-clear, scientifically rigorous argument for the existence of free will, challenging what many scientists and scientifically minded philosophers believe. Philosophers have argued about the nature and the very existence of free will for centuries. Today, many scientists and scientifically minded commentators are skeptical that it exists, especially when it is understood to require the ability to choose between alternative possibilities. If the laws of physics govern everything that happens, they argue, then how can our choices be free? Believers in free will must be misled by habit, sentiment, or religious doctrine. Why Free Will Is Real defies scientific orthodoxy and presents a bold new defense of free will in the same naturalistic terms that are usually deployed against it. Unlike those who defend free will by giving up the idea that it requires alternative possibilities to choose from, Christian List retains this idea as central, resisting the tendency to defend free will by watering it down. He concedes that free will and its prerequisites—intentional agency, alternative possibilities, and causal control over our actions—cannot be found among the fundamental physical features of the natural world. But, he argues, that’s not where we should be looking. Free will is a “higher-level” phenomenon found at the level of psychology. It is like other phenomena that emerge from physical processes but are autonomous from them and not best understood in fundamental physical terms—like an ecosystem or the economy. When we discover it in its proper context, acknowledging that free will is real is not just scientifically respectable; it is indispensable for explaining our world.

Free Will

Sam Harris
Free Will Book PDF

Author : Sam Harris
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-03-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781451683400

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Free Will by Sam Harris Pdf

From the New York Times bestselling author of The End of Faith, a thought-provoking, "brilliant and witty" (Oliver Sacks) look at the notion of free will—and the implications that it is an illusion. A belief in free will touches nearly everything that human beings value. It is difficult to think about law, politics, religion, public policy, intimate relationships, morality—as well as feelings of remorse or personal achievement—without first imagining that every person is the true source of his or her thoughts and actions. And yet the facts tell us that free will is an illusion. In this enlightening book, Sam Harris argues that this truth about the human mind does not undermine morality or diminish the importance of social and political freedom, but it can and should change the way we think about some of the most important questions in life.

Free Will and Consciousness

Gregg D. Caruso
Free Will and Consciousness Book PDF

Author : Gregg D. Caruso
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780739171363

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Free Will and Consciousness by Gregg D. Caruso Pdf

In recent decades, with advances in the behavioral, cognitive, and neurosciences, the idea that patterns of human behavior may ultimately be due to factors beyond our conscious control has increasingly gained traction and renewed interest in the age-old problem of free will. In this book, Gregg D. Caruso examines both the traditional philosophical problems long associated with the question of free will, such as the relationship between determinism and free will, as well as recent experimental and theoretical work directly related to consciousness and human agency. He argues that our best scientific theories indeed have the consequence that factors beyond our control produce all of the actions we perform and that because of this we do not possess the kind of free will required for genuine or ultimate responsibility. It is further argued that the strong and pervasive belief in free will, which the author considers an illusion, can be accounted for through a careful analysis of our phenomenology and a proper theoretical understanding of consciousness. Indeed, the primary goal of this book is to argue that our subjective feeling of freedom, as reflected in the first-person phenomenology of agentive experience, is an illusion created by certain aspects of our consciousness.

Living Without Free Will

Derk Pereboom
Living Without Free Will Book PDF

Author : Derk Pereboom
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2006-11-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780521029964

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Living Without Free Will by Derk Pereboom Pdf

Argues that morality, meaning and value remain intact even if we are not morally responsible for our actions.

Free Will: A Very Short Introduction

Thomas Pink
Free Will A Very Short Introduction Book PDF

Author : Thomas Pink
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 145 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2004-06-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192853585

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Free Will: A Very Short Introduction by Thomas Pink Pdf

Every day we seem to make and act upon all kinds of free choices - but are these choices really free? Or are we compelled to act the way we do by factors beyond our control? This book looks at free will.

Free Will

John Thorp
Free Will Book PDF

Author : John Thorp
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2017-07-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351785686

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Free Will by John Thorp Pdf

The problem of freedom and determinism is one of the most enduring, and one of the best, problems in philosophy. One of the best because it so tenaciously resists solution while yet always seeming urgent, and one of the most enduring because it has always been able to present itself in different ways to suit the preoccupations of different ages. This book, first published in 1980, sets out to defend free will: it elaborates a sober and systematic case for libertarianism in the face of the overwhelming threat that is posed by the scientific study of the brain.

Wrongdoing and the Moral Emotions

Derk Pereboom
Wrongdoing and the Moral Emotions Book PDF

Author : Derk Pereboom
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2021-08-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192661081

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Wrongdoing and the Moral Emotions by Derk Pereboom Pdf

Wrongdoing and the Moral Emotions provides an account of how we might effectively address wrongdoing given challenges to the legitimacy of anger and retribution that arise from ethical considerations and from concerns about free will. The issue is introduced in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 asks how we might conceive of blame without retribution, and proposes an account of blame as moral protest, whose function is to secure forward-looking goals such as the moral reform of the wrongdoer and reconciliation in relationships. Chapter 3 considers whether it's possible to justify effectively dealing those who pose dangerous threats if they do not deserve to be harmed, and contends that wrongfully posing a threat is the core condition for the legitimacy of defensive harming. Chapter 4 provides an account of how to treat criminals without a retributive justification for punishment, and argues for an account in which the right of self-defense provides justification for measures such as preventative detention. Chapter 5 considers how we might forgive if wrongdoers don't basically deserve the pain of being resented, which forgiveness would then renounce, and proposes that forgiveness be conceived instead as renunciation of the stance of moral protest. Chapter 6 considers how personal relationships might function without retributive anger having a role in responding to wrongdoing, and contends that the stance of moral protest, supplemented with non-retributive emotions, is sufficient. Chapter 7 surveys the options for theistic and atheistic attitudes regarding the fate of humanity in a deterministic universe, and defends an impartial hope for humanity.

The Illusion of Determinism

Edwin A. Locke
The Illusion of Determinism Book PDF

Author : Edwin A. Locke
Publisher : Bookbaby
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1543914225

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The Illusion of Determinism by Edwin A. Locke Pdf

This book shows that the theory of determinism, the doctrine that everything we believe, feel or do is determined by forces outside our control, is false (and actually self contradictory). The book shows that free will is self caused and involves the choice to use our rational faculty or not. Experiments that claim to prove determinism are refuted. The libertarian view that free will is based on randomness is also show to be fallacious. A distinction is made between what free will entails and what its limits are. The book shows that determinists' scorn for people who believe in free will (calling this view folk psychology based on ignorance) is misguided. It is determinists who are victims of a false view of human nature.

Star Power

Alain Bécoulet
Star Power Book PDF

Author : Alain Bécoulet
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2023-09-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262547284

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Star Power by Alain Bécoulet Pdf

A concise and accessible explanation of the science and technology behind the domestication of nuclear fusion energy. Nuclear fusion research tells us that the Sun uses one gram of hydrogen to make as much energy as can be obtained by burning eight tons of petroleum. If nuclear fusion—the process that makes the stars shine—could be domesticated for commercial energy production, the world would gain an inexhaustible source of energy that neither depletes natural resources nor produces greenhouse gases. In Star Power, Alan Bécoulet offers a concise and accessible primer on fusion energy, explaining the science and technology of nuclear fusion and describing the massive international scientific effort to achieve commercially viable fusion energy. Bécoulet draws on his work as Head of Engineering at ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) to explain how scientists are trying to “put the sun in a box.” He surveys the history of nuclear power, beginning with post–World War II efforts to use atoms for peaceful purposes and describes how energy is derived from fusion, explaining that the essential principle of fusion is based on the capacity of nucleons (protons and neutrons) to assemble and form structures (atomic nuclei) in spite of electrical repulsion between protons, which all have a positive charge. He traces the evolution of fusion research and development, mapping the generation of electric current though fusion. The ITER project marks a giant step in the development of fusion energy, with the potential to demonstrate the feasibility of a nuclear fusion reactor. Star Power offers an introduction to what may be the future of energy production.

Free Will and Epistemology

Robert Lockie
Free Will and Epistemology Book PDF

Author : Robert Lockie
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781350029064

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Free Will and Epistemology by Robert Lockie Pdf

In the first in-depth study of the transcendental argument for decades, Free Will and Epistemology defends a modern version of the famous transcendental argument for free will: that we could not be justified in undermining a strong notion of free will, as a strong notion of free will is required for any such process of undermining to be itself epistemically justified. By arguing for a conception of internalism that goes back to the early days of the internalist-externalist debates, it draws on work by Richard Foley, William Alston and Alvin Plantinga to explain the importance of epistemic deontology and its role in the transcendental argument. It expands on the principle that 'ought' implies 'can' and presents a strong case for a form of self-determination. With references to cases in the neuroscientific and cognitive-psychological literature, Free Will and Epistemology provides an original contribution to work on epistemic justification and the free will debate.

Free Will

Mark Balaguer
Free Will Book PDF

Author : Mark Balaguer
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2014-02-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262525794

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Free Will by Mark Balaguer Pdf

A philosopher considers whether the scientific and philosophical arguments against free will are reason enough to give up our belief in it. In our daily life, it really seems as though we have free will, that what we do from moment to moment is determined by conscious decisions that we freely make. You get up from the couch, you go for a walk, you eat chocolate ice cream. It seems that we're in control of actions like these; if we are, then we have free will. But in recent years, some have argued that free will is an illusion. The neuroscientist (and best-selling author) Sam Harris and the late Harvard psychologist Daniel Wegner, for example, claim that certain scientific findings disprove free will. In this engaging and accessible volume in the Essential Knowledge series, the philosopher Mark Balaguer examines the various arguments and experiments that have been cited to support the claim that human beings don't have free will. He finds them to be overstated and misguided. Balaguer discusses determinism, the view that every physical event is predetermined, or completely caused by prior events. He describes several philosophical and scientific arguments against free will, including one based on Benjamin Libet's famous neuroscientific experiments, which allegedly show that our conscious decisions are caused by neural events that occur before we choose. He considers various religious and philosophical views, including the philosophical pro-free-will view known as compatibilism. Balaguer concludes that the anti-free-will arguments put forward by philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists simply don't work. They don't provide any good reason to doubt the existence of free will. But, he cautions, this doesn't necessarily mean that we have free will. The question of whether we have free will remains an open one; we simply don't know enough about the brain to answer it definitively.

Free Will as an Open Scientific Problem

Mark Balaguer
Free Will as an Open Scientific Problem Book PDF

Author : Mark Balaguer
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-01-13
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262266154

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Free Will as an Open Scientific Problem by Mark Balaguer Pdf

An argument that the problem of free will boils down to an open scientific question about the causal histories of certain kinds of neural events. In this largely antimetaphysical treatment of free will and determinism, Mark Balaguer argues that the philosophical problem of free will boils down to an open scientific question about the causal histories of certain kinds of neural events. In the course of his argument, Balaguer provides a naturalistic defense of the libertarian view of free will. The metaphysical component of the problem of free will, Balaguer argues, essentially boils down to the question of whether humans possess libertarian free will. Furthermore, he argues that, contrary to the traditional wisdom, the libertarian question reduces to a question about indeterminacy—in particular, to a straightforward empirical question about whether certain neural events in our heads are causally undetermined in a certain specific way; in other words, Balaguer argues that the right kind of indeterminacy would bring with it all of the other requirements for libertarian free will. Finally, he argues that because there is no good evidence as to whether or not the relevant neural events are undetermined in the way that's required, the question of whether human beings possess libertarian free will is a wide-open empirical question.

Free Will and Determinism

Clifford Williams
Free Will and Determinism Book PDF

Author : Clifford Williams
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1980-01-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0915144778

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Free Will and Determinism by Clifford Williams Pdf

"Nicely conceived, very clearly written. . . . A high level of philosophic substance and sophistication." --David M. Mowry, SUNY at Plattsburgh