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Author : Kurt Schneider
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3941113577
Author : Michael J. Ruf
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-12-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783868881332
Thanks to new, improving experimental techniques, modern biology is discovering a steadily growing body of new facts and data about the living nature. A good example of this advancement is the decryption of the complete genome of a rapidly increasing number of organisms, including humans. Regardless of these impressive results, however, there are still no satisfying answers to very basic questions of biology, such as "What is life?" and "Why does matter organize into biological forms that become more complex in the course of evolution?". The Interaction Theory by Michael J. Ruf assumes that this unsatisfying situation is not simply the consequence that certain experimental data are still missing. The lack of explanation of what life is actually and why simple molecules evolve into complex organisms rather reflects an existing conceptual problem that can only be solved with a radically new conceptual approach. Interaction Theory is the result of such a radically new approach to life and evolution. In contrast to conventional evolutionary theory, the generation sequences of living forms are considered to be the decisive quality of life. By clarifying how the continuation of these generation sequences can be sustainable over billions of years, new fundamental principles become obvious and the phenomenon of an increasing biological complexity understandable. As a result, a law-like process of biological complexity increase can be derived as immanent part of the evolution of life. This allows Interaction Theory to provide new answers to key questions such as why sexual reproduction, what species are and what life is. The theory is, however, not limited to cells and organisms and their evolution. It addresses the self-organization to higher complexity of all kinds of structures that are subject to an evolution through multiplication processes. This means that Interaction Theory also provides an understanding of why and how molecular networks, social communities and even societies become more complex over time.
Author : Tommy Rosenbaum
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2017-03-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783743134263
Bipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (BiCMOS) processes can be considered as the most general solution for RF products, as they combine the mature manufacturing tools of CMOS with the speed and drive capabilities of silicon-germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs). HBTs in turn are major contenders for partially filling the terahertz gap, which describes the range in which the frequencies generated by transistors and lasers do not overlap (approximately 0.3 THz to 30 THz). To evaluate the capabilities of such future devices, a reliable prediction methodology is desirable. Using a heterogeneous set of simulation tools and approaches allows to achieve this goal successively and is beneficial for troubleshooting. Various scientific fields are combined, such as technology computer-aided design (TCAD), compact modeling and parameter extraction. To create a foundation for the simulation environment and to ensure reproducibility, the used material models of the hydrodynamic and drift-diffusion approaches are introduced in the beginning of this thesis. The physical models are mainly based on literature data of Monte Carlo (MC) or deterministic simulations of the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE). However, the TCAD deck must be calibrated on measurement data too for a reliable performance prediction of HBTs. The corresponding calibration approach is based on measurements of an advanced SiGe HBT technology for which a technology-specific parameter set of the HICUM/L2 compact model is extracted for the high-speed, medium-voltage and high-voltage transistor versions. With the help of the results, one-dimensional transistor characteristics are generated that serve as reference for the doping profile and model calibration. By performing elaborate comparisons between measurement-based reference data and simulations, the thesis advances the state-of-the-art of TCAD-based predictions and proofs the feasibility of the approach. Finally, the performance of a future technology in 28 nm is predicted by applying the heterogeneous methodology. On the basis of the TCAD results, bottlenecks of the technology are identified.
Author : Constantin von der Groeben
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-06
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783735759269
Ever since 9/11 the legal classification of transnational conflicts between states and non-state armed groups, such as Al Qaeda, has become a highly debated topic. While repeatedly referred to as the War on Terror, the legal qualification of the conflict between the US and Al Qaeda remains controversial: US military operations in Afghanistan against Al Qaeda and the use of drones against alleged terrorists in Pakistan, Yemen and other states pose the question as to whether this conflict truly qualifies as one single global war. Similarly, transnational conflicts such as the Colombian operation against a FARC base in Ecuador, Israel’s fight against Hezbollah in Lebanon, and Turkish operations against the PKK in northern Iraq pose difficulties as they transcend individual nations˙ political systems and geographical borders. Whether the law of war (i.e. humanitarian law) is applicable to such conflicts and to what extent human rights law binds the states involved is debated. This work aims to provide structure to the current debate and analyzes the applicability of both humanitarian law and human rights law. Furthermore, it examines and explores approaches to enhance and develop the existing legal framework, including proposed new legal regimes for transnational conflicts. The author argues against the strict separation of international humanitarian law and human rights law and instead borrows from Colombian authorities’ experience in their struggle with the FARC to develop an alternate solution, combining both legal regimes in an integrated approach.
Author : Elisa Hoven,Mareike Feiler,Saskia Scheibel
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783732270620
The Cologne Occasional Papers on International Peace and Security Law cover essays, studies and expert's reports on current public international law issues. The series is edited by Claus Kreß.
Author : Hartmut Bossel
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783833484247
About the book: Mathematical modeling and computer simulation make it possible to understand and control the dynamic processes taking place in complex systems. Simulation provides insights into the often surprising diversity of possible behaviors, and allows identifying possibilities for intervention and options for alternative development. About one hundred simulation models from all areas of life are fully documented in the three volumes of the 'System Zoo'. They can be quickly implemented and easily operated using freely available system dynamics software. Volume 3 of the System Zoo contains simulation models of economic and social systems and global development, among them: production, stocks and orders, marketing and consumption, competition, life planning, employment, ecotax, escalation, dependence, aggression, population and community development, debt crisis, globalization, the world models of the Club of Rome (by Forrester and the Meadows group) and examples of nonnumerical knowledge processing applied to impact assessment and decision processes. The System Zoo collection of simulation models is particularly well-suited for teaching, training, and research projects at all levels from high school to university, and for individual study. Volume 1 of the System Zoo contains simulation models of elementary systems, and of systems from the fields of physics and engineering. Volume 2 of the System Zoo presents simulation models related to climate, vegetation, ecosystems and resources. About the author: Hartmut Bossel is Professor Emeritus of environmental systems analysis. He taught for many years at the University of California in Santa Barbara and the University of Kassel, Germany, where he was director of the Center for Environmental Systems Research until his retirement. He holds an engineering degree from the Technical University of Darmstadt, and a Ph.D. degree from the University of California at Berkeley. With a background in engineering, systems science, and mathematical modeling, he has led many research projects and future studies in different countries, developing computer simulation models and decision support systems in the areas of energy supply policy, global dynamics, orientation of behavior, agricultural policy, and forest dynamics and management. He has written numerous books on modeling and simulation of dynamic systems, social change and future paths, and has published widely in the scientific literature in several fields.
Author : Giovanni Bergamin,Mauro Guerrini
Publisher : Firenze University Press
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2022-05-12
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9788855185424
With the contributions of international experts, the book aims to explore the new boundaries of universal bibliographic control. Bibliographic control is radically changing because the bibliographic universe is radically changing: resources, agents, technologies, standards and practices. Among the main topics addressed: library cooperation networks; legal deposit; national bibliographies; new tools and standards (IFLA LRM, RDA, BIBFRAME); authority control and new alliances (Wikidata, Wikibase, Identifiers); new ways of indexing resources (artificial intelligence); institutional repositories; new book supply chain; “discoverability” in the IIIF digital ecosystem; role of thesauri and ontologies in the digital ecosystem; bibliographic control and search engines.
Author : Alexander Gogun
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2014-04-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9783838267203
There are certain parallels between the operations Vladimir Putin initiated in the wake of the Ukraine crisis of 2014 and the approach Stalin took in the region during the Second World War.Stalin's ruthless use of scorched earth tactics, the deliberate provocation of reprisals of the occupiers against the civilian population, the destruction of their own villages, the chaotic collection of taxes in kind from the population, accompanied by everyday looting, benders, fornication and violence, fratricidal internal conflicts, the use of doping, the operational use of bacteriological weapons, and even cannibalism -- all this was not a random price for the massive bloodshed and no spontaneous response of the population to the brutality of the German occupation in the 1940s. These were, as Alexander Gogun shows in his historiographical investigation, planned or consciously accepted phenomena and peculiarities of Stalin's warfare tactics.A book that makes an important contribution to the historical context of the current crisis in Ukraine.Es finden sich Parallelen zwischen den von Wladimir Putin im Zuge der Ukraine-Krise 2014 initiierten Operationen in der Ukraine und dem dortigen Vorgehen Stalins während des zweiten Weltkriegs. Stalins rücksichtslose Anwendung der Taktik der verbrannten Erde, das absichtliche Provozieren von Repressalien der Besatzer gegen die Zivilisten, die Vernichtung eigener Dörfer, die chaotische Eintreibung von Naturalsteuern von der Bevölkerung, begleitet von alltäglichen Plünderungen, Besäufnissen, Unzucht und Gewalt, brudermörderische innere Konflikte, die Benutzung von Doping, der operative Einsatz bakteriologischer Waffen und sogar Kannibalismus -- all das war in den 1940er Jahren kein zufälliger Preis für das massenhafte Blutvergießen und auch keine spontane Antwort des Volkes auf die Brutalität der deutschen Besatzungsherrschaft. Dies waren, wie Alexander Gogun in seiner vorliegenden historiographischen Untersuchung aufzeigt, geplante oder bewusst in Kauf genommene Erscheinungen und Besonderheiten der Kriegsführung Stalins.Ein Buch, das einen wichtigen Beitrag zur historischen Einordnung der aktuellen Ukraine-Krise leistet.
Author : Leonid Luks,Gunter Dehnert,John Andreas Fuchs,Nikolaus Lobkowicz,Alexei Rybakow
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2014-03-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9783838267227
Since 1997, FORUM is an integral part of the journal landscape of European Studies. In addition to facts of contemporary history, it offers deep insights into the history of ideas, reflects current discussions, and provides reviews of books on Central and Eastern European history. Especially on the history of ideas and contemporary history it offers more than ?just? history -- e.g. interdisciplinary discussions by political scientists, literary, legal, and economic scholars and philosophers. FORUM sees itself as a bridge between East and West. Through the translation and publication of documents and contributions from Russian, Polish, and Czech researchers it offers the Western reader insight into the scientific discourse within Eastern Europe.Volume 18, Issue 1: The way the Federal Republic of Germany dealt with its past is seen by some as a role model for many post-authoritarian and post-totalitarian transition countries in East and West, despite some downsides of the long process of coping with the past after the German ?zero hour?. The current FORUM issue focuses on the comparison of the specifics of German memory culture with those of the Eastern European countries, especially Poland and Russia, since the beginning of their de-Stalinization debates.Seit 1997 ist das FORUM fester Bestandteil der Zeitschriftenlandschaft der Osteuropaforschung. Neben Fakten der Zeitgeschichte bietet es tiefe Einblicke in die Ideengeschichte, spiegelt aktuelle Diskussionen wider und liefert Rezensionen zu Werken der mittel- und osteuropäischen Zeitgeschichte. Gerade in den Rubriken Ideengeschichte und Zeitgeschichte bietet es mehr als "nur" Geschichte -- fächerübergreifend kommen u.a. Politologen, Literatur-, Rechts- und Wirtschaftswissenschaftler sowie Philosophen zu Wort. Das FORUM versteht sich als Brücke zwischen Ost und West. Durch die Übersetzung und Veröffentlichung von Dokumenten und Beiträgen aus dem Russischen, Polnischen und Tschechischen bietet es dem westlichen Leser Einblicke in den wissenschaftlichen Diskurs Osteuropas. Heft 1/2014: Der lange Abschied vom totalitären Erbe Das Modell der bundesrepublikanischen Vergangenheitsbewältigung gilt als Vorbild für viele postautoritäre bzw. posttotalitäre Transformationsstaaten in Ost und West, ungeachtet mancher Schattenseiten des langwierigen Prozesses der deutschen Vergangenheitsbewältigung nach der "Stunde Null". Das aktuelle Forum-Heft vergleicht in seinem thematischen Schwerpunkt die Spezifika der deutschen Erinnerungskultur mit denjenigen der osteuropäischen Länder, vor allem Polens und Russlands, seit dem Beginn der Entstalinisierungsdebatten.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1282 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : German imprints
ISBN : UOM:39015059841653
Author : Hans Loidl,Stefan Bernard
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2014-02-24
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9783038212232
“What does the landscape architect actually do as a design?” The authors investigate this seemingly simple question. What resources are available for designing open spaces? What part is played by conditions deriving from nature? How are locations and spaces created in the open air, how are paths routed and boundaries set, how are hard and soft materials used? Drawing on practical and theoretical experience, this introduction, often used as a textbook, reveals the central components of design and the intellectual paths followed in the design process. “The book is not so much for reading but for doing. It plays with shapes, imagining how people feel in these shapes and seeing how shapes create a different experience of landscape. Vegetation can make the relief of a hill clearer, less clear, indistinct or hidden. The authors show this by sketches illustrating the text ... As an example of the way Loidl and Bernard set their readers thinking for themselves, I quote what they regard as good design: ‘The paradox of a good design solution: more uniformity needs more variety.’Food for thought. Or read Open(ing) Spaces.” (Martin Woestenburg in 'scape, 2006)
Author : Charles R. Bawden,Isaak Jakob Schmidt
Publisher : Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Buriats
ISBN : 3447059907
F. Babinger, biographer of Isaak Jakob Schmidt (1779-1847), the founder of Mongolian Studies, lists "Two Little Christian Tracts" among his early publications in Mongolian; no later Mongolist apparently ever saw or described this booklet published in 1818. A probably unique copy came to light in the Library of the German Oriental Society and was transcribed and translated by Charles Bawden who is known for his careful studies of Christian missions among the Mongols. The printed text is given in facsimile. A detailed commentary analyzes the text and traces the inconsistent Christian terminology which was apparently still in an experimental stage. Schmidt's Mongolian assistants, Badma and Nomtu, were probably mainly responsible for the translation. A preface informs about the versatile printer N. Grec while an appendix gives mission reports and a related Mongolian correspondence in contemporary German paraphrase.
Author : Klaus Boehnke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783322812629
This volume - a collaborative effort between The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Saxonian universities - is a source book for students and researchers of European Studies. Its scope is interdisciplinary and incorporates contributions from social psychology, international relations, economics, political science, and sociology.
Author : Ute Hüsken
Publisher : Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Hinduism
ISBN : 3447058544
The Vaikhanasas, a group of Brahmanic priests in the Visnu temples of south India, can look back on a long and turbulent history, that is characterized by the effort of claiming their status against rivaling priests. Central to this monograph is a controversy, ongoing for centuries, as to what makes a person eligible to perform the rituals in Visnu temples: does birth or an initiation create the ideal intermediary between the god and humans? Since the 14th century CE the discussion in the relevant Sanskrit texs centers around the question of whether the Vaikhanasas priests must undergo an initiation including a branding on the upper arms, or whether their particular prenatal life-cycle ritual visnubali makes them eligible to perform temple ritual. As hereditary temple priests the Vaikhanasas' own stance is explicit: they are Visnu's own children, preordained for temple service already before birth. In addition to the textual perspective, three instances of local conflicts from the 19th/20th centuries about the question of whether the Vaikhanasas require an initiation are analysed in their contexts. Furthermore, three examples of present day performances of the crucial ritual visnubali are presented and interpreted in the light of the relation between text and performance and from the perspective of the acting priests' ritual competence. The book also contains a DVD with some of the video-coverage of the three visnubali performances.
Author : Kosta Mathéy,Silvia Matuk
Publisher : transcript Verlag
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2014-10-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783839429907
Urban violence has become a major threat in big cities of the world. Where the orthodox protection through the police and individual target hardening remain inefficient, the population must organize itself. This book contains first-hand accounts on a selection of the most innovative experiences in Africa, Latin America, Asia and the Arab region and is of interest likewise for academics and urban practitioners, policy makers, international cooperation experts or travelers preparing a visit of one of the affected countries. With a preface by Caroline Moser.