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Author : Marc A. Miles
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105037309957
Author : Theodore Harding Boggs
Publisher : New York : Macmillan
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1922
Category : Balance of trade
ISBN : UCAL:$B78647
Author : Mr.Robert A. Mundell
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1991-04-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451977769
This paper investigates the role of exchange rates in balance of payments theories. It explores the sixteen approaches to the balance of payments, the concept of an “equilibrium” trade balance and sequential “stages” of the current account. It examines fiscal and demographic influences on the U.S. deficit. The final section considers the breakdown of the international monetary system after World Wars I and II; an evaluation of alternative proposals to correct the defects of the system; and an examination of the extent to which deficits of reserve countries have their origins in systemic problems.
Author : Linda S. Goldberg,Cédric Tille
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822035938307
The pattern of international trade adjustment is affected by the continuing international role of the dollar and related evidence on exchange rate pass-through into prices. This paper argues that a depreciation of the dollar would have asymmetric effects on flows between the United States and its trading partners. With low exchange rate pass-through to U.S. import prices and high exchange rate pass-through to the local prices of countries consuming U.S. exports, the effect of dollar depreciation on real trade flows is dominated by an adjustment in U.S. export quantities, which increase as U.S. goods become cheaper in the rest of the world. Real U.S. imports are affected less because U.S. prices are more insulated from exchange rate movements -- pass-through is low and dollar invoicing is high. In relation to prices, the effects on the U.S. terms of trade are limited: U.S. exporters earn the same amount of dollars for each unit shipped abroad, and U.S. consumers do not encounter more expensive imports. Movements in dollar exchange rates also affect the international trade transactions of countries invoicing some of their trade in dollars, even when these countries are not transacting directly with the United States.
Author : Robert Stern
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 603 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351314947
An original and systematic synthesis of the major postwar developments in theory and policy of balance-of-payments adjustment, this book focuses on the present-day system of pegged-but-adjustable exchange rates and the problems that policy authorities must face if they are to attain full employment, price stability, balance-of-payments equilibrium, and a satisfactory rate of economic growth. The dominate theme of this book is that any system of exchange rates carries with it assumptions about the way it works and how effective the automatic and policy-motivated forces operate to bring about equilibrium in a country's balance of payments. By analyzing balance-of-payments adjustment and policies under alternative exchange-rate systems, and with different assumptions concerning the level of employment and prices, it is possible to embrace a wide variety of contemporary and historical circumstances experienced by individual countries and the world as a whole. In this way the author assesses the economic consequences of the different exchange-rate systems and of the policies that countries may follow to attain their national objectives. In particular it appears to Professor Stern that the international monetary turmoil of the past ten years can be traced to the exchange-rate inflexibilities of the adjustable-peg system and to the creation of excessive reserves under the dollar standard. He demonstrates that the international monetary system must be redesigned to permit greater exchange-rate inflexibility and control over the creation of new international reserve assets.
Author : A. P. Thirlwall
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105026617063
This book is a synthesis of the author's ideas and research concerning the monetary consequences of trade flows, and the relevance of conventional balance of payments adjustment theory. These ideas are considered mainly in the context of developing countries, many of which suffer from deep structural difficulties and severe foreign exchange shortages. Mainstream economic theory regards the balance of payments to be self-adjusting, meaning that the impact of the balance of payments on the growth and development process is neither considered nor analysed. In contrast, the author emphasises the importance of integrating monetary considerations into trade theory and argues that the balance of payments consequences of trade policy need to be carefully addressed. This approach has a number of implications for important issues such as the sequencing of trade liberalisation; the role of the exchange rate in equilibrating the balance of payments; the case for protection; and the way in which the importance of export growth is articulated. Some of the ideas expressed have a long and distinguished ancestry, but they are not part of the mainstream orthodoxy and need airing in a world increasingly divided into rich and poor countries. The author also considers the case for a new international economic order which would better serve the needs of developing countries, particularly by stabilising primary product prices and controlling speculative capital flows. Trade and development economists, and policymakers concerned with economic growth and development, will appreciate the original and illuminating research in this book.
Author : Richard N. Cooper
Publisher : Princeton, N.J. : International Finance Section, Princeton University
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:49015001125898
Author : Charles Poor Kindleberger
Publisher : Amsterdam : North-Holland Publishing Company
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Balance of payments
ISBN : STANFORD:36105041791877
Compilation of essays, written by former students and associates of charles p. Kindleberger to commemorate his 60th birthday and his work as an economist, on the economic analysis of trade, balance of payments and economic growth - includes papers on the economic theory of distortions and welfare, general equilibrium of a three by two model, international capital flow, the wages differential problem, etc., and on relationships between trade, development aid and economic development. Festschrift kindleberger cp.
Author : Mario Baldassarri,Luigi Paganetto,Edmund S. Phelps
Publisher : Springer
Page : 437 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2016-07-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781349222568
The subject of this book is the kind of economic interaction and interdependence that has arisen among nations in the contemporary world economy, the nature and significance of the pattern of trade balances that have resulted from them, and the question of what, if anything, should be done by national governments about that pattern. The need for international coordination of economic policies is also investigated.
Author : Fouad Sabry
Publisher : One Billion Knowledgeable
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2024-01-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : PKEY:6610000508419
What is Trade Balance Balance of trade can be measured in terms of commercial balance, or net exports. Balance of trade is the difference between the monetary value of a nation's exports and imports over a certain time period. Sometimes a distinction is made between a balance of trade for goods versus one for services. The balance of trade measures a flow variable of exports and imports over a given period of time. The notion of the balance of trade does not mean that exports and imports are "in balance" with each other. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Balance of trade Chapter 2: Invisible balance Chapter 3: Keynesian economics Chapter 4: Mercantilism Chapter 5: Tariff Chapter 6: Joseph Stiglitz Chapter 7: Protectionism Chapter 8: Global financial system Chapter 9: Balance of payments Chapter 10: Current account (balance of payments) Chapter 11: Bretton Woods system Chapter 12: Export-oriented industrialization Chapter 13: Marshall-Lerner condition Chapter 14: J curve Chapter 15: Triffin dilemma Chapter 16: Economic relations of Japan Chapter 17: Trade policy of Japan Chapter 18: Bancor Chapter 19: Foreign trade of the United States Chapter 20: United States balance of trade Chapter 21: Sectoral balances (II) Answering the public top questions about trade balance. (III) Real world examples for the usage of trade balance in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of trade balance.
Author : John M. Letiche
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1959
Category : Balance of payments
ISBN : UCAL:B4415160
Study of economic theory concerning the international balance of payments and relationships between economic growth and international equilibrium, as well as disequilibrium. Bibliography pp. 321 to 364.
Author : A.P. Thirlwall
Publisher : Springer
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1986-09-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781349183906
Author : Homi Katrak
Publisher : Fontana Press
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : IND:30000128336496
Author : Caves
Publisher : Pearson Education India
Page : 724 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2002-09
Category : Balance of payments
ISBN : 8131701778
Author : Ralph G. Hawtrey,Ralph George Hawtrey
Publisher : Praeger
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1982-06-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105039686097
