Diphtheria Serum As A Technological Object

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Diphtheria Serum as a Technological Object

Jonathan Simon
Diphtheria Serum as a Technological Object Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Simon
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781498531481

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Diphtheria Serum as a Technological Object by Jonathan Simon Pdf

Introduced in 1894 as a treatment for a deadly childhood disease, the diphtheria serum stands as a milestone in pharmaceutical history. Diphtheria Serum as a Technological Object: A Philosophical Analysis of Serotherapy in France 1894-1900 considers the production and use of this serum in France, analyzing the drug in terms of a technological object. To do this, Jonathan Simon draws on the philosophy of technology, exploring the application of this approach to medical drugs and suggesting how such an analysis can in turn contribute to this domain of philosophy. Starting with the manufacture of the serum from horses’ blood, Simon then considers the processes involved in transforming the blood serum into a legal medical drug and establishing its efficacy as a treatment against diphtheria. The book looks at the place the drug assumed in French society at the time, as well as the legal and political implications of its manufacture and use. All these elements are deployed to characterize a specifically French serum, as the author argues that the constitution of the drug in its full sense is not only technical but also social, political, and legal. Considering the serum as technological object facilitates a philosophical reflection on the nature of medical drugs in general by means of a thorough analysis of this particular historical example. The insights offered in this book will be of interest to students and scholars working on the philosophy of technology, particularly the medical sciences, as well as to historians of medicine, particularly those interested in the history of pharmacy.

Pasteur's Empire

Aro Velmet
Pasteur s Empire Book PDF

Author : Aro Velmet
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190072827

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Pasteur's Empire by Aro Velmet Pdf

Why did "microbe hunters" at the Pasteur Institute become the most important health experts in the French empire in the early twentieth century? Pasteur's Empire illustrates how French microbiologists transformed life in the colonies in the name of humanitarian public health, which often had grave consequences for those living under French rule.

Animal Constructions and Technological Knowledge

Ashley Shew
Animal Constructions and Technological Knowledge Book PDF

Author : Ashley Shew
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 151 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781498543125

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Animal Constructions and Technological Knowledge by Ashley Shew Pdf

Animal studies literature, and its public consumption have sparked interest in questions about humanity. Most scholars aim these studies to help us sort out how we should regard other creatures and how we should understand ourselves in light of their capacities. This book offers something a little different, investigating the conceptual limits of tool-use and technology through the lens of technological knowledge. Making sense of animal studies can be tricky because of long-held and culturally pervasive beliefs and messages about human triumph over nature (where animals are considered to be part of nature). Animal Constructions and Technological Knowledge, considers animal tool use, techniques, and construction within the context of theories about what constitutes technology and what constitutes knowledge. With reference to an engaging variety of animal case studies, primarily from research on apes, dolphins, and crows, this book shows how concepts from philosophy of technology can be used to make better sense of the animal cases. These animal cases also help us to refine our philosophical concepts, creating more careful distinction and uniting different accounts of technological knowledge.

Unframing Martin Heidegger’s Understanding of Technology

Søren Riis, Roskilde University
Unframing Martin Heidegger s Understanding of Technology Book PDF

Author : Søren Riis, Roskilde University
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781498567671

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Unframing Martin Heidegger’s Understanding of Technology by Søren Riis, Roskilde University Pdf

This book presents a new and radical interpretation of some of Martin Heidegger’s most influential texts. The unfamiliar interpretations all seek to question and unframe hasty assessments of the concepts and constellations of thoughts surrounding Heidegger’s notion of modern technology.

Sustainability in the Anthropocene

Róisín Lally
Sustainability in the Anthropocene Book PDF

Author : Róisín Lally
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781498584234

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Sustainability in the Anthropocene by Róisín Lally Pdf

We are facing an environmental crisis that some say is ushering a new geological epoch, the Anthropocene, one that threatens not only a great deal of life on the planet but also our understanding of who we are and our relation to the natural world. In the face of this crisis it has become clear that we need a more sustainable culture. In fact the language of sustainability has become pervasive in our culture and has deeply ingrained itself in our understanding of what living a good life would entail. “Sustainability,” however, is a contested word, and it carries with it, often implicitly and unacknowledged, deep philosophical claims that are entangled with all kinds of assumptions and power relations, some of them very problematic. This book attempts to set this urgent goal of sustainability free from its more reductive and harmful interpretations and to thereby apply a more thoughtful environmental ethics to current and emerging technologies, particularly those involving reproduction and the harnessing of energy that dominate our elemental relations to sun and air, wind and water, earth and forest. The book is divided into 4 sections: (1) Sustainability: A Contested Term, (2) Sustainability and Renewable Technologies: Sun, Air, Wind, Water, (3) Sustainability and Design, and (4) Sustainability and Ethics. The first section sets the context for our studies and opens a space for thinking sustainability in a more thoughtful way than is often the case in contemporary discussions. The next two sections are the heart of our contribution to postphenomenology and technoscience, and the essays, here, turn to concrete examinations of particular technologies and questions of technological design in the light of our environmental crisis. The fourth section closes the book by drawing some more general implications for ethics from the intersection of the foregoing themes.

Feedback Loops

Andrew Wells Garnar,Ashley Shew
Feedback Loops Book PDF

Author : Andrew Wells Garnar,Ashley Shew
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781498597630

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Feedback Loops by Andrew Wells Garnar,Ashley Shew Pdf

In a world of information technologies, genetic engineering, controversies about established science, and the mysteries of quantum physics, it is at once seemingly impossible and absolutely vital to find ways to make sense of how science, technology, and society connect. In Feedback Loops: Pragmatism about Science & Technology, editors Andrew Wells Garnar and Ashley Shew bring together original writing from philosophers and science and technology studies scholars to provide novel ways of rethinking the relationships among science, technology, education, and society. Through critiquing and exploring the work of philosopher of science and technology Joseph C. Pitt, the authors featured in this volume investigate the complexities of contemporary technoscience, writing on topics ranging from super-computing to pedagogy, engineering to biotechnology patents, and scientific instruments to disability studies. Taken together, these chapters develop an argument about the necessity of using pragmatism to foster a more productive relationship among science, technology and society.

Postphenomenology and Media

Yoni Van Den Eede,Stacey O'Neal Irwin,Galit Wellner
Postphenomenology and Media Book PDF

Author : Yoni Van Den Eede,Stacey O'Neal Irwin,Galit Wellner
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781498550154

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Postphenomenology and Media by Yoni Van Den Eede,Stacey O'Neal Irwin,Galit Wellner Pdf

Postphenomenology and Media: Essays on Human–Media–World Relations sheds light on how new, digital media are shaping humans and their world. It does so by using the postphenomenological framework to comprehensively study “human-media relations,” making use of conceptual instruments such as the transparency-opacity distinction, embodiment, multistability, variational analysis, and cultural hermeneutics. This collection outlines central issues of media and mediation theory that can be explored postphenomenologically and showcases research at the cutting edge of philosophy of media and technology. The contributors together enlarge the range of thinking about human-media-world relations in contemporary society, reflecting the interdisciplinary range of this school of thought, and explore, sometimes self-reflexively and sometimes critically, the provocative landscape of postphenomenology and media.

Explorations in Baltic Medical History, 1850-2015

Nils Hansson,Jonatan Wistrand
Explorations in Baltic Medical History 1850 2015 Book PDF

Author : Nils Hansson,Jonatan Wistrand
Publisher : Rochester Studies in Medical H
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : History
ISBN : 9781580469401

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Explorations in Baltic Medical History, 1850-2015 by Nils Hansson,Jonatan Wistrand Pdf

Examines medical history in northern Europe from 1850 to 2015 and sheds new light on the circulation of medical knowledge in that region

The Immunity Unit for Standardizing Diphtheria Antitoxin (Based on Ehrlich's Normal Serum)

M. J. Rosenau
The Immunity Unit for Standardizing Diphtheria Antitoxin Based on Ehrlich s Normal Serum Book PDF

Author : M. J. Rosenau
Publisher : Forgotten Books
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2017-12-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 0484342002

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The Immunity Unit for Standardizing Diphtheria Antitoxin (Based on Ehrlich's Normal Serum) by M. J. Rosenau Pdf

Excerpt from The Immunity Unit for Standardizing Diphtheria Antitoxin (Based on Ehrlich's Normal Serum): Official Standard Prepared Under the Act Approved July 1, 1902 The object of this bulletin is to describe the methods by which the immunity unit for measuring the strength of diphtheria antitoxin is obtained, and the principles involved. The unit is based on the one established by Ehrlich, and has been made by comparison with the normal serum sent to this laboratory by the Kg]. Pr. Institut fur experimentelle Therapie, Frankfurt a. M., Germany. On account of the technical difficulties met in testing the strength of diphtheria antitoxin, and the intricate composition of the diphtheria poison, as well as the peculiar chemical relations existing between the toxine and the antitoxin, it has been necessary to enter into the many details of every portion of the process in order that those who use this standard may do so under the same conditions. Otherwise com parable results would not be obtained. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

American Philosophy of Technology

Hans Achterhuis
American Philosophy of Technology Book PDF

Author : Hans Achterhuis
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2001-07-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0253214491

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American Philosophy of Technology by Hans Achterhuis Pdf

Introduces contemporary American philosophy of technology through six of its leading figures. The six American philosophers of technology whose work is profiled in this clear and concise introduction to the field—Albert Borgmann, Hubert Dreyfus, Andrew Feenberg, Donna Haraway, Don Ihde, and Langdon Winner—represent a new, empirical direction in the philosophical study of technology that has developed mainly in North America. In place of the grand philosophical schemes of the classical generation of European philosophers of technology (including Martin Heidgger, Jacques Ellul, and Hans Jonas), the contemporary American generation addresses concrete technological practices and the co-evolution of technology and society in modern culture. Six Dutch philosophers associated with Twente University survey and critique the full scope and development of their American colleagues' work, often illustrating shifts from earlier to more recent interests. Individual chapters focus on Borgmann's engagement with technology and everyday life; Dreyfus's work on the limits of artificial intelligence; Feenberg's perspectives on the cultural and social possibilities opened by technologies; Haraway's conception of the cyborg and its attendant blurring of boundaries; Ihde's explorations of the place of technology in the lifeworld; and Winner's fascination with the moral and political implications of modern technologies. American Philosophy of Technology offers an insightful and readable introduction to this new and distinctly American philosophical turn. Contributors are Hans Achterhuis, Philip Brey, René Munnik, Martijntje Smits, Pieter Tijmes, and Peter-Paul Verbeek.

Portrait of the Immune System

Ivan Lefkovits
Portrait of the Immune System Book PDF

Author : Ivan Lefkovits
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 912 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810226144

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Portrait of the Immune System by Ivan Lefkovits Pdf

Using the published work of Nobel Laureate Niels Kaj Jerne, this book shows how he developd his ideas. The book is a compilation of his published work, but in fact it is much more than that. Whether the reader wants to read the book systematically, or only browse, it opens a fascinating world of hypotheses, theories, facts and vistas. His selection theory, his view of how immunological diversity is created, and his concept of lymphocytes interacting as a network, reveals Jerne's revolutionary spirit. The book ought to be a rich source of inspiration for everyone interested in science and how science is made.

Scientific and Medical Knowledge Production, 1796-1918

Rob Boddice
Scientific and Medical Knowledge Production 1796 1918 Book PDF

Author : Rob Boddice
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2023-05-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000860092

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Scientific and Medical Knowledge Production, 1796-1918 by Rob Boddice Pdf

This volume foregrounds humanity (in the sense of compassion or sympathy), which often supplied the motivation for medical experiment and scientific innovation. Though the results of experiments could not be known in advance, often the stated goal was the reduction of suffering, the cure of disease, or the easement of life. Increasingly, critics accused practitioners of hiding hubris behind their purported humanity and questioned whether an increasingly professional scientific community could retain its grip on the meaning of compassion.

The Hermeneutics of Medicine and the Phenomenology of Health

Fredrik Svenaeus
The Hermeneutics of Medicine and the Phenomenology of Health Book PDF

Author : Fredrik Svenaeus
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2022-07-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783031072819

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The Hermeneutics of Medicine and the Phenomenology of Health by Fredrik Svenaeus Pdf

This is the first monograph to deal with medicine as a form of hermeneutics, now in a thoroughly revised and updated edition, including a whole new chapter on medical ethics. The book offers a comprehensive philosophical argument why good medical practice cannot be curtailed to scientific investigations of the body but is a form of clinical hermeneutics performed by health-care professionals in dialogue with their patients. Medical hermeneutics is rooted in a phenomenology of illness which acknowledges and proceeds from the ill party’s bodily feelings, everyday life-world circumstances and self-understanding in aiming to restore health. The author shows how the works of classical phenomenologists and hermeneuticians – Martin Heidegger, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Hans-Georg Gadamer and Paul Ricoeur – may be employed to understand how medical diagnosis is enveloped by professional empathy and clinical judgement and developed by scientific investigations of the patient’s bodily condition. Health and illness are ultimately considered to be ways of feeling at home or not at home in the world, and such experiences are the starting point of medical hermeneutics when aiming to make best use of scientific knowledge. The book is aimed at researchers and teachers in philosophy of medicine and medical ethics, and at physicians, nurses and other health-care professionals meeting with patients in ethically complex and challenging situations. Phenomenology and hermeneutics, most often considered as methods belonging to the humanities, are shown to be of vital importance for the understanding of medical practice and ethical dilemmas of health care.

Biologics, A History of Agents Made From Living Organisms in the Twentieth Century

Alexander von Schwerin,Heiko Stoff,Bettina Wahrig
Biologics A History of Agents Made From Living Organisms in the Twentieth Century Book PDF

Author : Alexander von Schwerin,Heiko Stoff,Bettina Wahrig
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2015-10-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317319085

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Biologics, A History of Agents Made From Living Organisms in the Twentieth Century by Alexander von Schwerin,Heiko Stoff,Bettina Wahrig Pdf

The use of biologics – drugs made from living organisms – has raised specific scientific, industrial, medical and legal issues. The essays contained in this collection each deal with a case study of a biologic substance, or group of biologics, and its use during the twentieth century.

Emil Von Behring

Derek S. Linton
Emil Von Behring Book PDF

Author : Derek S. Linton
Publisher : American Philosophical Society
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0871692554

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Emil Von Behring by Derek S. Linton Pdf

In 1901 Emil von Behring received the first Nobel Prize in med. for serum therapy against diphtheria, a disease that killed thousands of infants annually. Diphtheria serum was the first major cure of the bacteriological era and its develop. generated procedures for testing, standardizing, and regulating drugs. Emphasizes Behring's contrib. to the study of infectious disease, the formation of modern immunology, and research on remedies and vaccines against microbial infections. Explores his relations to the rival bacteriological schools of Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur, the emergent German pharmaceutical industry, and the institutionalization of experimental therapeutic research. Also contains translations of 13 key articles by Behring and his assoc.