Disease Resistance In Crop Plants

Author : J.E. Vanderplank
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323161985

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Disease Resistance in Plants by J.E. Vanderplank Pdf

Disease Resistance in Plants, Second Edition, looks at genetic, epidemiologic, biochemical, and biometric principles for developing new cultivars possessing genetic resistance to diseases. It examines the nature of disease resistance and resistance genes, and it highlights the importance of stabilizing selection, sugar, biotrophy, and necrotrophy to obtain the greatest possible yields. Organized into 17 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of disease resistance in plants and the ways to develop disease-resistant variants. It then discusses unspecific resistance; the resistance gene paradox; susceptibility and resistance within narrow host taxa; phenotypic variation and gene numbers in host plants; discontinuous variation and cytoplasmic inheritance; and experimental difficulties in partitioning variance. The reader is also introduced to epistasis and the structure of virulence in pathogens; the notion of physiological race; how the pathogen adapts to the host; mutation in the pathogen from avirulence to virulence; horizontal and vertical resistance to disease and its epidemiological effects; and the link between protein polymorphism and vertical resistance. In addition, the book discusses genes for susceptibility in the host versus genes for avirulence (or virulence) in the pathogen; sink-induced loss of resistance; high-sugar disease processes and biotrophy; slow rusting of cereal crops; plant resistance against endemic disease; and the accumulation of resistance genes in heterogeneous host populations. This book will be useful to plant pathologists and plant breeders.

Author : Shabir Hussain Wani
Publisher : Springer
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2019-07-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030207281

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Disease Resistance in Crop Plants by Shabir Hussain Wani Pdf

Human population is escalating at an enormous pace and is estimated to reach 9.7 billion by 2050. As a result, there will be an increase in demand for agricultural production by 60–110% between the years 2005 and 2050 at the global level; the number will be even more drastic in the developing world. Pathogens, animals, and weeds are altogether responsible for between 20 to 40 % of global agricultural productivity decrease. As such, managing disease development in plants continues to be a major strategy to ensure adequate food supply for the world. Accordingly, both the public and private sectors are moving to harness the tools and paradigms that promise resistance against pests and diseases. While the next generation of disease resistance research is progressing, maximum disease resistance traits are expected to be polygenic in nature and controlled by selective genes positioned at putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs). It has also been realized that sources of resistance are generally found in wild relatives or cultivars of lesser agronomic significance. However, introgression of disease resistance traits into commercial crop varieties typically involves many generations of backcrossing to transmit a promising genotype. Molecular marker-assisted breeding (MAB) has been found to facilitate the pre-selection of traits even prior to their expression. To date, researchers have utilized disease resistance genes (R-genes) in different crops including cereals, pulses, and oilseeds and other economically important plants, to improve productivity. Interestingly, comparison of different R genes that empower plants to resist an array of pathogens has led to the realization that the proteins encoded by these genes have numerous features in common. The above observation therefore suggests that plants may have co-evolved signal transduction pathways to adopt resistance against a wide range of divergent pathogens. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms necessary for pathogen identification and a thorough dissection of the cellular responses to biotic stresses will certainly open new vistas for sustainable crop disease management. This book summarizes the recent advances in molecular and genetic techniques that have been successfully applied to impart disease resistance for plants and crops. It integrates the contributions from plant scientists targeting disease resistance mechanisms using molecular, genetic, and genomic approaches. This collection therefore serves as a reference source for scientists, academicians and post graduate students interested in or are actively engaged in dissecting disease resistance in plants using advanced genetic tools.

Author : R.S. Fraser
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400951457

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Mechanisms of Resistance to Plant Diseases by R.S. Fraser Pdf

Plant resistance to pathogens is one of the most important strategies of disease control. Knowledge of resistance mechanisms, and of how to exploit them, has made a significant contribution to agricultural productivity. However, the continuous evolution of new variants of pathogen, ana additional control problems posed by new crops and agricultural methods, creates a need for a corresponding increase in our understanding of resistance and ability to utilize it. The study of resistance mechanisms also has attractions from a purely academic point of view. First there is the breadth of the problem, which can be approached at the genetical, molecular, cellular, whole plant or population lev~ls. Often there is the possibility of productive exchange of ideas between different disciplines. Then there is the fact that despite recent advances, many of the mechanisms involved have still to be fully elucidated. Finally, and compared with workers in other areas of biology, the student of resistance is twice blessed in having as his subject the interaction of two or more organisms, with the intriguing problems of recognition, specificity and co-evolution which this raises.

Author : G.E. Russell
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2013-09-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483192369

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Plant Breeding for Pest and Disease Resistance by G.E. Russell Pdf

Studies in the Agricultural and Food Sciences: Plant Breeding for Pest and Disease Resistance presents a critical review of the development of resistant varieties of plant to pests and diseases. It discusses the economic impact of pests and diseases; the methods of controlling these pests and diseases; and the challenges being faced by a plant breeder. Some of the topics covered in the book are the general principles and methods of breeding for resistance; importance of parasite variability to the plant breeder; methods of testing for resistance; requirements for successful inoculation; production of resistant varieties; and economic importance of fungal diseases; and variability in fungal pathogen. Pathogenic fungi and fungal diseases are also covered. The control of fungal diseases by resistant varieties is discussed. An in-depth analysis of diseases in plants is provided. The characteristics of bacteria and bacterial diseases are also presented. A chapter is devoted to epidemiology of diseases associated with mycoplasma-like organisms and rickettsia-like organisms. The book can provide useful information to farmers, botanists, students, and researchers.

Author : Richard C. Staples,Gary H. Toenniessen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015007471876

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Plant Disease Control by Richard C. Staples,Gary H. Toenniessen Pdf

Compatible host-pathogen interactions; Host-parasite incompatibility; New directions in development of plants resistance to disease.

Author : R. Johnson,G.J. Jellis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401709545

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Breeding for Disease Resistance by R. Johnson,G.J. Jellis Pdf

There is an increasing need for an understanding of the fundamental processes involved in the mechanisms by which disease resistances are introduced into crop plants. This book provides a wide-ranging coverage of the successes and failures of the classical techniques; it describes the advances towards modern technology and addresses the problems of pathogen variation. Crop plants that are considered include: cereals (wheat, barley, rice), potatoes, vegetables and soft fruits.

Author : David B. Collinge
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 453 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2016-06-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118867761

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Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology by David B. Collinge Pdf

Plant pathogens and diseases are among the most significant challenges to survival that plants face. Disease outbreaks caused by microbial or viral pathogens can decimate crop yields and have severe effects on global food supply. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying plant immune response and applying this understanding to develop biotechnological tools to enhance plant defense against pathogens has great potential for moderating the impact of plant disease outbreaks. Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology’s main focus is an in depth survey of the biological strategies being used to create transgenic disease resistant plants for sustainable plant resistance Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology is divided into four sections. The first section covers biological mechanisms underpinning disease resistance in plants, while the second highlights case studies of important pathogen-crop groups and then considers why the application of important pathogen-crop groups, transgenic-based strategies designed to selectively target pathogens could benefit crop production. The third section provides information on the status of transgenic crops around the world, and finally the last part explores high-tech alternatives to genetic engineering for developing disease resistant traits in plants. Edited and authored by leaders in the field, Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology will be an invaluable resource to those studying or researching plant biotechnology, plant pathology, plant biology, plant and crop genetics, in addition to crop science.

Author : Indu Sharma
Publisher : CABI
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781845938185

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Disease Resistance in Wheat by Indu Sharma Pdf

Disease resistance is one of the major factors that can be improved to sustain yield potential in cultivated crops. This book looks at disease resistance in wheat, concentrating on all the economically important diseases -- their economic impact and geographical spread, breeding for resistance, pathogen variability, resistance mechanisms and recent advances made on resistance genes. Newer strategies for identifying resistance genes and identify resistance mechanisms are discussed, including cloning, gene transfer and the use of genetically modified plants.

Author : Rients E. Niks,J. E. Parlevliet,P. Lindhout,Yuling Bai
Publisher : Brill Wageningen Academic
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Plant breeding
ISBN : 9086863280

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Breeding Crops with Resistance to Diseases and Pests by Rients E. Niks,J. E. Parlevliet,P. Lindhout,Yuling Bai Pdf

This book describes the most basic elements in plant pathogen interactions and defence strategies in plants. The scientific background is explained as far as it is relevant for breeders to make sensible choices in designing and running their breeding work. It may also be used as a manual for disease resistance breeding.

Author : F. Lamberti,J. M. Waller,N. A. Van der Graaff
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461593058

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Durable Resistance in Crops by F. Lamberti,J. M. Waller,N. A. Van der Graaff Pdf

Plant diseases and pests are a major constraint to agricultural production despite the various measures used to control them. Chemical control, although often e~~ective, may pose environmental hazards and is relatively expensive, especially in developing countries where it may be completely uneconomic. Control through genetically mediated resistance to diseases and pests, is both cheap and environmentally sa~e and at present most diseases and pests o~ staple ~ood crops are controlled through some form of resistance. One of the basic problems in the use of resistance is its ~re quent lack of durability; very often a type of resistance is used that 'breaks down' after a certain period. The temporary nature of this resistance, due to the development of new strains of pest or pathogen able to overcome it, has seriously hindered the improvement o~ the yield potential of many crops as a continuing effort is needed to replace old cultivars who resistance has failed, with new ones. Following Vanderplank's now classical publications (1963, 1968) which differentiated horizontal and vertical resistance, studies on several host-parasite systems have shown that di~ferent types of resistance can be distinguished genetically and epidemiologically, and on the ability o~ the pests or pathogens to adapt to them. A knowledge of how resistance operates at the population level has also opened up possibilities of 'managing' relatively simple resistance types in such a way that a stable host-pathogen system can be pro duced with a minimum of crop loss.

Author : Th. Jacobs,Jan E. Parlevliet
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-02-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401120043

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Durability of Disease Resistance by Th. Jacobs,Jan E. Parlevliet Pdf

From February 24 -28, 1992 an international symposium on Durability of Disease Resistance was held at the International Agricultural Centre in Wageningen, the Netherlands. The symposium, organized by the Department of Plant Breeding of Wageningen Agricultural University and the Centre for Plant Breeding and Repro duction Research, CPRO-DLO, was part of the DGIS funded programme Durable Resistance in Developing Countries. Without any form of prevention or protection nearly all crops will be seriously or even severely damaged by a range of pathogens. In modern agriculture man has been able to control many if not most pathogens using i) pesticides, ii) phyto sanitary methods such as control of seed and plant material in order to start a crop disease free, iii) agronomic measures such as crop rotation, iv) disease resis tance or combinations of these measures. Over the years the use of pesticides has increased enormously and so did the pro blems associated with pesticide use, such as environmental pollution and building of resistance and tolerance to these pesticides in the pathogens. The use of resis tance too increased strongly over the years and here too problems arose.

Author : Dhan Pal Singh,Arti Singh
Publisher : Science Publishers
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 1578084121

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Disease and Insect Resistance in Plants by Dhan Pal Singh,Arti Singh Pdf

The book covers in detail the principles and practices of conventional plant breeding as well as newer and recent biotechnological tools such as marker assisted selection and transgenic crops. The book is suitable for use as an advanced text. A basic knowledge of plant pathogens, insect-pests and their genetics is assumed. In addition, the book can be used as reference book by plant pathologists, entomologists and geneticists engaged in developing germplasm, with resistance to biotic stresses. Attempts have been made to draw specific examples from as many different crop plants and their harmful parasites as possible, and an extensive reference list provides access to the original literature.

Author : J. E. Van der Plank
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-12
Category : Plants
ISBN : OCLC:844316761

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Disease resistance on plants by J. E. Van der Plank Pdf

Author : J. E. Van der Plank
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1968
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:660935899

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Diseases Resistance in Plants by J. E. Van der Plank Pdf

Author : Dhan Pal Singh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2011-11
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : 3642715141

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Breeding for Resistance to Diseases and Insect Pests by Dhan Pal Singh Pdf

The object of this book is to provide insight into the principles of disease and insect-pest resistance and to elaborate the resistance breeding practices with specific examples from as many different crops and parasites as possible. It is assumed that the readers are already in possession of some knowledge of plant pathogens and insect pests and their genetics from standard courses and text books. The book can be used for teaching an advanced course on the subject, such as in university lectures to graduate students. In addition, it should be useful as a reference book to plant pathologists, entomologists and plant breeders engaged in developing varieties resistant to harmful paraƯ sites. I wish to express my sincere thanks to Dr. B.D. Singh, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, Dr. D. Sharma and Dr. S. Dwivedi, ICRISAT, Hyderabad, India; Dr. I.S. Singh and Dr. A.K. Bhattacharya, G.B. Pant UniƯ versity of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India, who made comments on some sections of the book. Thanks are also due to Dr. D.N. Chaudhary, Dr. R.P.S. Verma and Mr. K.R. Reddy, who have given valuable help in one way or another in the publicaƯ tion of this book. I express my sincere thanks to Professor 1.S. Nanda, ExƯ Professor Plant Breeding in G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and TechnoƯ logy, Pantnagar, India for inspiring me to write this book. However, responƯ sibility for errors and misinterpretations is entirely mine.