Durable Resistance In Crops

Author : F. Lamberti,J. M. Waller,N. A. Van der Graaff
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461593058

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Durable Resistance in Crops by F. Lamberti,J. M. Waller,N. A. Van der Graaff Pdf

Plant diseases and pests are a major constraint to agricultural production despite the various measures used to control them. Chemical control, although often e~~ective, may pose environmental hazards and is relatively expensive, especially in developing countries where it may be completely uneconomic. Control through genetically mediated resistance to diseases and pests, is both cheap and environmentally sa~e and at present most diseases and pests o~ staple ~ood crops are controlled through some form of resistance. One of the basic problems in the use of resistance is its ~re quent lack of durability; very often a type of resistance is used that 'breaks down' after a certain period. The temporary nature of this resistance, due to the development of new strains of pest or pathogen able to overcome it, has seriously hindered the improvement o~ the yield potential of many crops as a continuing effort is needed to replace old cultivars who resistance has failed, with new ones. Following Vanderplank's now classical publications (1963, 1968) which differentiated horizontal and vertical resistance, studies on several host-parasite systems have shown that di~ferent types of resistance can be distinguished genetically and epidemiologically, and on the ability o~ the pests or pathogens to adapt to them. A knowledge of how resistance operates at the population level has also opened up possibilities of 'managing' relatively simple resistance types in such a way that a stable host-pathogen system can be pro duced with a minimum of crop loss.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1983-03-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1461593069

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Durable Resistance in Crops by Anonim Pdf

Author : Th. Jacobs,Jan E. Parlevliet
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2012-02-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401120043

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Durability of Disease Resistance by Th. Jacobs,Jan E. Parlevliet Pdf

From February 24 -28, 1992 an international symposium on Durability of Disease Resistance was held at the International Agricultural Centre in Wageningen, the Netherlands. The symposium, organized by the Department of Plant Breeding of Wageningen Agricultural University and the Centre for Plant Breeding and Repro duction Research, CPRO-DLO, was part of the DGIS funded programme Durable Resistance in Developing Countries. Without any form of prevention or protection nearly all crops will be seriously or even severely damaged by a range of pathogens. In modern agriculture man has been able to control many if not most pathogens using i) pesticides, ii) phyto sanitary methods such as control of seed and plant material in order to start a crop disease free, iii) agronomic measures such as crop rotation, iv) disease resis tance or combinations of these measures. Over the years the use of pesticides has increased enormously and so did the pro blems associated with pesticide use, such as environmental pollution and building of resistance and tolerance to these pesticides in the pathogens. The use of resis tance too increased strongly over the years and here too problems arose.

Author : J.E. Vanderplank
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323161985

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Disease Resistance in Plants by J.E. Vanderplank Pdf

Disease Resistance in Plants, Second Edition, looks at genetic, epidemiologic, biochemical, and biometric principles for developing new cultivars possessing genetic resistance to diseases. It examines the nature of disease resistance and resistance genes, and it highlights the importance of stabilizing selection, sugar, biotrophy, and necrotrophy to obtain the greatest possible yields. Organized into 17 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of disease resistance in plants and the ways to develop disease-resistant variants. It then discusses unspecific resistance; the resistance gene paradox; susceptibility and resistance within narrow host taxa; phenotypic variation and gene numbers in host plants; discontinuous variation and cytoplasmic inheritance; and experimental difficulties in partitioning variance. The reader is also introduced to epistasis and the structure of virulence in pathogens; the notion of physiological race; how the pathogen adapts to the host; mutation in the pathogen from avirulence to virulence; horizontal and vertical resistance to disease and its epidemiological effects; and the link between protein polymorphism and vertical resistance. In addition, the book discusses genes for susceptibility in the host versus genes for avirulence (or virulence) in the pathogen; sink-induced loss of resistance; high-sugar disease processes and biotrophy; slow rusting of cereal crops; plant resistance against endemic disease; and the accumulation of resistance genes in heterogeneous host populations. This book will be useful to plant pathologists and plant breeders.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Science
ISBN : 9251014825

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Breeding for Durable Disease and Pest Resistance by Anonim Pdf

Author : Shabir Hussain Wani
Publisher : Springer
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2019-07-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030207281

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Disease Resistance in Crop Plants by Shabir Hussain Wani Pdf

Human population is escalating at an enormous pace and is estimated to reach 9.7 billion by 2050. As a result, there will be an increase in demand for agricultural production by 60–110% between the years 2005 and 2050 at the global level; the number will be even more drastic in the developing world. Pathogens, animals, and weeds are altogether responsible for between 20 to 40 % of global agricultural productivity decrease. As such, managing disease development in plants continues to be a major strategy to ensure adequate food supply for the world. Accordingly, both the public and private sectors are moving to harness the tools and paradigms that promise resistance against pests and diseases. While the next generation of disease resistance research is progressing, maximum disease resistance traits are expected to be polygenic in nature and controlled by selective genes positioned at putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs). It has also been realized that sources of resistance are generally found in wild relatives or cultivars of lesser agronomic significance. However, introgression of disease resistance traits into commercial crop varieties typically involves many generations of backcrossing to transmit a promising genotype. Molecular marker-assisted breeding (MAB) has been found to facilitate the pre-selection of traits even prior to their expression. To date, researchers have utilized disease resistance genes (R-genes) in different crops including cereals, pulses, and oilseeds and other economically important plants, to improve productivity. Interestingly, comparison of different R genes that empower plants to resist an array of pathogens has led to the realization that the proteins encoded by these genes have numerous features in common. The above observation therefore suggests that plants may have co-evolved signal transduction pathways to adopt resistance against a wide range of divergent pathogens. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms necessary for pathogen identification and a thorough dissection of the cellular responses to biotic stresses will certainly open new vistas for sustainable crop disease management. This book summarizes the recent advances in molecular and genetic techniques that have been successfully applied to impart disease resistance for plants and crops. It integrates the contributions from plant scientists targeting disease resistance mechanisms using molecular, genetic, and genomic approaches. This collection therefore serves as a reference source for scientists, academicians and post graduate students interested in or are actively engaged in dissecting disease resistance in plants using advanced genetic tools.

Author : Raoul A. Robinson
Publisher : IDRC
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Agricultural pests
ISBN : 0889367744

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Return to Resistance by Raoul A. Robinson Pdf

In the tradition of Silent Spring, Raoul Robinson's Return to Resistance calls for a revolution. Traditional plant breeding techniques have led us to depend more and more on chemical pesticides to protect ourcrops. Return to Resistance shows gardeners, farmers, and plant breeders how to use a long-neglected technique to create hardy new plant varieties that are naturally resistant to pests and disease. Horizontal resistance breeding has been largely ignored in this century due to the popularity and apparent successes of the Mendelian geneticists. However the colossal, unrecognized failure of m.

Author : Prof Richard Oliver
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 700 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-24
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1786766019

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Achieving Durable Disease Resistance in Cereals by Prof Richard Oliver Pdf

This collection reviews advances in the key areas required to achieve durable disease resistance in cereal crops, from advances in understanding pathogen biology/epidemiology and plant pathogen interactions to identifying sources of resistance and advance techniques for breeding new varieties.

Author : T. Jacobs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:693466383

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Durability of Disease Resistance by T. Jacobs Pdf

Research works on durability of plant disease resistance.

Author : David B. Collinge
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 453 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118867761

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Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology by David B. Collinge Pdf

Plant pathogens and diseases are among the most significant challenges to survival that plants face. Disease outbreaks caused by microbial or viral pathogens can decimate crop yields and have severe effects on global food supply. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying plant immune response and applying this understanding to develop biotechnological tools to enhance plant defense against pathogens has great potential for moderating the impact of plant disease outbreaks. Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology’s main focus is an in depth survey of the biological strategies being used to create transgenic disease resistant plants for sustainable plant resistance Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology is divided into four sections. The first section covers biological mechanisms underpinning disease resistance in plants, while the second highlights case studies of important pathogen-crop groups and then considers why the application of important pathogen-crop groups, transgenic-based strategies designed to selectively target pathogens could benefit crop production. The third section provides information on the status of transgenic crops around the world, and finally the last part explores high-tech alternatives to genetic engineering for developing disease resistant traits in plants. Edited and authored by leaders in the field, Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology will be an invaluable resource to those studying or researching plant biotechnology, plant pathology, plant biology, plant and crop genetics, in addition to crop science.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1986-06-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9251923744

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Breeding for Durable Resistance in Perennial Crops by Anonim Pdf

Author : Dale Walters,Adrian C. Newton,Gary Lyon
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470995976

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Induced Resistance for Plant Defence by Dale Walters,Adrian C. Newton,Gary Lyon Pdf

Plant diseases worldwide are responsible for billions of dollarsworth of crop losses every year. With less agrochemicals being usedand less new fungicides coming on the market due to environmentalconcerns, more effort is now being put into the use of geneticpotential of plants for pathogen resistance and the development ofinduced or acquired resistance as an environmentally safe means ofdisease control. This comprehensive book examines in depth the development andexploitation of induced resistance. Chapters review currentknowledge of the agents that can elicit induced resistance,genomics, signalling cascades, mechanisms of defence to pests andpathogens and molecular tools. Further chapters consider thetopical application of inducers for disease control, microbialinduction of pathogen resistance, transgenic approaches, pathogenpopulation biology, trade offs associated with induced resistanceand integration of induced resistance in crop protection. The bookconcludes with a consideration of socio-economic driversdetermining the use of induced resistance, and the future ofinduced resistance in crop protection.

Author : R. Hammerschmidt,Joseph Kuc
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401584203

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Induced Resistance to Disease in Plants by R. Hammerschmidt,Joseph Kuc Pdf

Induced or acquired resistance to disease in plants has been known for many years, but the phenomenon was studied in only a few laboratories until about a decade ago. Since then, there has been an increasing interest in induced resistance as a new, environmentally safe means of disease control, as well as a model for the study of the genes involved in host defence and the signals that control them. This increased interest led the editors of Induced Resistance to Disease in Plants to collect and summarise much of the current and older literature on the topic in a single volume. Each chapter covers its topic as comprehensively as possible, thus serving as a solid introduction to the literature, as well as expressing its writer's own views on the state of research in the area and giving an indication of where future research may lead. Induced Resistance to Disease in Plants addresses the biology of induced resistance in legumes, solanaceae, cucurbits and monocots, since these are the families that have received the most attention, followed by a discussion of the molecular basis of induced resistance, its genetic and evolutionary significance, and practical applications in disease control. The book will provide a background for those commencing work in the area, as well as a source of information for established workers who wish to learn about other areas of induced resistance.

Author : Vijay K. Nandula
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2010-12-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118043547

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Glyphosate Resistance in Crops and Weeds by Vijay K. Nandula Pdf

New technologies are becoming available for managing glyphosate resistant (GR) weeds and reducing their spread. GR crop technology has revolutionized crop production in the developed world and the benefits are gradually spilling over to the developing world. In order to sustain an effective, environmentally safe herbicide such as glyphosate and the GR crop technology well in to the future, it is imperative that the issue of GR weeds be comprehensively understood. This book provides such an essential, up-to-date source of information on glyphosate resistance for researchers, extension workers, land managers, government personnel, and other decision makers. Provides comprehensive coverage of the intensely studied topic of glyphosate resistant (GR) in crops Details the development of glyphosate resistance and how to detect and manage the problem in crops Helps standardize global approaches to glyphosate resistance Encompasses interdisciplinary approaches in chemistry, weed science, biochemistry, plant physiology, plant biotechnology, genetics, ecology Includes a chapter on economic analysis of GR impact on crops

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Food crops
ISBN : OSU:32435077044501

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Breeding for Durable Resistance in Perennial Crops by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Strategies for disease resistance breeding in tropical perenial crops; Bananas, Musa cvs; Cacao, Theobroma cacao; Coffees, Coffea spp.; Oil palm, Elaeis guineensis; Rubber, Hevea brasiliensis; Sugarcane, Saccharum cvs.