Distance Sampling Methods And Applications

Author : S. T. Buckland,E.A. Rexstad,T.A. Marques,C.S. Oedekoven
Publisher : Springer
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2015-08-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319192192

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Distance Sampling: Methods and Applications by S. T. Buckland,E.A. Rexstad,T.A. Marques,C.S. Oedekoven Pdf

In this book, the authors cover the basic methods and advances within distance sampling that are most valuable to practitioners and in ecology more broadly. This is the fourth book dedicated to distance sampling. In the decade since the last book published, there have been a number of new developments. The intervening years have also shown which advances are of most use. This self-contained book covers topics from the previous publications, while also including recent developments in method, software and application. Distance sampling refers to a suite of methods, including line and point transect sampling, in which animal density or abundance is estimated from a sample of distances to detected individuals. The book illustrates these methods through case studies; data sets and computer code are supplied to readers through the book’s accompanying website. Some of the case studies use the software Distance, while others use R code. The book is in three parts. The first part addresses basic methods, the design of surveys, distance sampling experiments, field methods and data issues. The second part develops a range of modelling approaches for distance sampling data. The third part describes variations in the basic method; discusses special issues that arise when sampling different taxa (songbirds, seabirds, cetaceans, primates, ungulates, butterflies, and plants); considers advances to deal with failures of the key assumptions; and provides a check-list for those conducting surveys.

Author : S.T. Buckland,D.R. Anderson,K.P. Burnham,J.L. Laake
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2012-10-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9401046867

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Distance Sampling by S.T. Buckland,D.R. Anderson,K.P. Burnham,J.L. Laake Pdf

Our environment and natural food resources are continually coming under threat so that the monitoring of population trends is essential today. Whaling is a good example. Here politics and conservation often clash, and over the years more and more restrictions have been applied through the efforts of the International Whaling Commission in an endeavour to save some of our whale species from extinction. Localized fisheries also need to be monitored and quotas set each year. In some countries, sports fishing and hunting are popular so that information is needed about the populations being exploited in order to determine such things as the duration of hunting season and bag limits. Methods of estimating animal abundance have been developing steadily since the 1940s but over the last 20 years activity in this area has intensified and of this growth were two the subject has begun to blossom. At the centre of the authors of this book, David Anderson and Kenneth Burnham, who have widely published in this field. The need for computers in this area was soon recognized and David and Ken were joined by Jeffrey Laake who, with his computing expertise, helped to develop suitable software packages for implementing some of the new techniques. In the 1980s Stephen Buckland entered the arena and began to make his presence felt. Among other contributions, he firmly established the role of Monte Carlo and bootstrapping techniques in population estimation where the unique role of the computer could be fully exploited.

Author : S. T. Buckland,D. R Anderson,K. P. Burnham,J. L. Laake,D. L. Borchers,L. Thomas
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2004-08-19
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780191545191

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Advanced Distance Sampling by S. T. Buckland,D. R Anderson,K. P. Burnham,J. L. Laake,D. L. Borchers,L. Thomas Pdf

This advanced text focuses on the uses of distance sampling to estimate the density and abundance of biological populations. It addresses new methodologies, new technologies and recent developments in statistical theory and is the follow up companion to Introduction to Distance Sampling (OUP, 2001). In this text, a general theoretical basis is established for methods of estimating animal abundance from sightings surveys, and a wide range of approaches to analysis of sightings data is explored. These approaches include: modelling animal detectability as a function of covariates, where the effects of habitat, observer, weather, etc. on detectability can be assessed; estimating animal density as a function of location, allowing for example animal density to be related to habitat and other locational covariates; estimating change over time in populations, a necessary aspect of any monitoring programme; estimation when detection of animals on the line or at the point is uncertain, as often occurs for marine populations, or when the survey region has dense cover; survey design and automated design algorithms, allowing rapid generation of sound survey designs using geographic information systems; adaptive distance sampling methods, which concentrate survey effort in areas of high animal density; passive distance sampling methods, which extend the application of distance sampling to species that cannot be readily detected in sightings surveys, but can be trapped; and testing of methods by simulation, so that performance of the approach in varying circumstances can be assessed.

Author : Stephen T. Buckland
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Animal populations
ISBN : UCSD:31822016451049

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Distance Sampling by Stephen T. Buckland Pdf

This study concerns the use of distance sampling to estimate the density or abundance of biological populations. Line and point transect sampling are the primary distance methods. Here, lines or points are surveyed in the field and the observer records a distance to those objects of interest that are detected. The sample data are the set of distances of detected objects and any relevant covariates; however, many objects may remain undetected during the course of the survey. Distance sampling provides a way to obtain reliable estimates of density of objects under fairly mild assumptions. Distance sampling is an extension of plot sampling methods where it is assumed that all objects within sample plots are counted.

Author : Saroj K Pal
Publisher : Concept Publishing Company
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Statisttics for Geoscientists Techniques and Applications. by Saroj K Pal Pdf

Author : Rosemary K. Barraclough,New Zealand. Department of Conservation,New Zealand. Department of Conservation. Science & Research Unit
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 26 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2000-08-01
Category : Bird populations
ISBN : 0478219504

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Distance Sampling by Rosemary K. Barraclough,New Zealand. Department of Conservation,New Zealand. Department of Conservation. Science & Research Unit Pdf

Author : A. Colin Cameron,Pravin K. Trivedi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 1058 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2005-05-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781139444866

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Microeconometrics by A. Colin Cameron,Pravin K. Trivedi Pdf

This book provides the most comprehensive treatment to date of microeconometrics, the analysis of individual-level data on the economic behavior of individuals or firms using regression methods for cross section and panel data. The book is oriented to the practitioner. A basic understanding of the linear regression model with matrix algebra is assumed. The text can be used for a microeconometrics course, typically a second-year economics PhD course; for data-oriented applied microeconometrics field courses; and as a reference work for graduate students and applied researchers who wish to fill in gaps in their toolkit. Distinguishing features of the book include emphasis on nonlinear models and robust inference, simulation-based estimation, and problems of complex survey data. The book makes frequent use of numerical examples based on generated data to illustrate the key models and methods. More substantially, it systematically integrates into the text empirical illustrations based on seven large and exceptionally rich data sets.

Author : K. Ullas Karanth,James D. Nichols
Publisher : Springer
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2017-10-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811054365

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Methods For Monitoring Tiger And Prey Populations by K. Ullas Karanth,James D. Nichols Pdf

This book addresses issues of monitoring populations of tigers, ungulate prey species and habitat occupancy, with relevance to similar assessments of large mammal species and general biodiversity. It covers issues of rigorous sampling, modeling, estimation and adaptive management of animal populations using cutting-edge tools, such as camera-traps, genetic identification and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), applied under the modern statistical approach of Bayesian and likelihood-based inference. Of special focus here are animal survey data derived for use under spatial capture-recapture, occupancy, distance sampling, mixture-modeling and connectivity analysees. Because tigers are an icons of global conservation, in last five decades,enormous amounts of commitment and resources have been invested by tiger range countries and the conservation community for saving wild tigers. However, status of the big cat remains precarious. Rigorous monitoring of surviving wild tiger populations continues to be essential for both understanding and recovering wild tigers. However, many tiger monitoring programs lack the necessary rigor to generate the reliable results. While the deployment of technologies, analyses, computing power and human-resource investments in tiger monitoring have greatly progressed in the last couple of decades, a full comprehension of their correct deployment has not kept pace in practice. In this volume, Dr. Ullas Karanth and Dr. James Nichols, world leaders in tiger biology and quantitative ecology, respectively, address this key challenge. The have collaborated with an extraordinary array of 30 scientists with expertise in a range of necessary disciplines - biology and ecology of tigers, prey and habitats; advanced statistical theory and practice; computation and programming; practical field-sampling methods that employ technologies as varied as camera traps, genetic analyses and geographic information systems. The book is a 'tour de force' of cutting-edge methodologies for assessing not just tigers but also other predators and their prey. The 14 chapters here are lucidly presented in a coherent sequence to provide tiger-specific answers to fundamental questions in animal population assessment: why monitor, what to monitor and how to monitor. While highlighting robust methods, the authors also clearly point out those that are in use, but unreliable. The managerial dimension of tiger conservation described here, the task of matching monitoring objectives with skills and resources to integrate tiger conservation under an adaptive framework, also renders this volume useful to wildlife scientists as well as conservationists.

Author : Rudolf J. Freund,William J. Wilson
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 694 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2003-01-07
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780080498225

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Statistical Methods by Rudolf J. Freund,William J. Wilson Pdf

This broad text provides a complete overview of most standard statistical methods, including multiple regression, analysis of variance, experimental design, and sampling techniques. Assuming a background of only two years of high school algebra, this book teaches intelligent data analysis and covers the principles of good data collection. * Provides a complete discussion of analysis of data including estimation, diagnostics, and remedial actions * Examples contain graphical illustration for ease of interpretation * Intended for use with almost any statistical software * Examples are worked to a logical conclusion, including interpretation of results * A complete Instructor's Manual is available to adopters

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 722 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009-08-31
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0080932215

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Sample Surveys: Design, Methods and Applications by Anonim Pdf

This new handbook contains the most comprehensive account of sample surveys theory and practice to date. It is a second volume on sample surveys, with the goal of updating and extending the sampling volume published as volume 6 of the Handbook of Statistics in 1988. The present handbook is divided into two volumes (29A and 29B), with a total of 41 chapters, covering current developments in almost every aspect of sample surveys, with references to important contributions and available software. It can serve as a self contained guide to researchers and practitioners, with appropriate balance between theory and real life applications. Each of the two volumes is divided into three parts, with each part preceded by an introduction, summarizing the main developments in the areas covered in that part. Volume 29A deals with methods of sample selection and data processing, with the later including editing and imputation, handling of outliers and measurement errors, and methods of disclosure control. The volume contains also a large variety of applications in specialized areas such as household and business surveys, marketing research, opinion polls and censuses. Volume 29B is concerned with inference, distinguishing between design-based and model-based methods and focusing on specific problems such as small area estimation, analysis of longitudinal data, categorical data analysis and inference on distribution functions. The volume contains also chapters dealing with case-control studies, asymptotic properties of estimators and decision theoretic aspects. Comprehensive account of recent developments in sample survey theory and practice Discusses a wide variety of diverse applications Comprehensive bibliography

Author : J. Andrew Royle,Richard B. Chandler,Rahel Sollmann,Beth Gardner
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 609 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-08-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780124071520

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Spatial Capture-Recapture by J. Andrew Royle,Richard B. Chandler,Rahel Sollmann,Beth Gardner Pdf

Spatial Capture-Recapture provides a comprehensive how-to manual with detailed examples of spatial capture-recapture models based on current technology and knowledge. Spatial Capture-Recapture provides you with an extensive step-by-step analysis of many data sets using different software implementations. The authors' approach is practical – it embraces Bayesian and classical inference strategies to give the reader different options to get the job done. In addition, Spatial Capture-Recapture provides data sets, sample code and computing scripts in an R package. Comprehensive reference on revolutionary new methods in ecology makes this the first and only book on the topic Every methodological element has a detailed worked example with a code template, allowing you to learn by example Includes an R package that contains all computer code and data sets on companion website

Author : Leonard A. Brennan,Andrew N. Tri,Bruce G. Marcot
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2019-09-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781421431079

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Quantitative Analyses in Wildlife Science by Leonard A. Brennan,Andrew N. Tri,Bruce G. Marcot Pdf

Williams, Damon L. Williford

Author : Yves Tille
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-30
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780470682050

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Sampling and Estimation from Finite Populations by Yves Tille Pdf

A much-needed reference on survey sampling and its applications that presents the latest advances in the field Seeking to show that sampling theory is a living discipline with a very broad scope, this book examines the modern development of the theory of survey sampling and the foundations of survey sampling. It offers readers a critical approach to the subject and discusses putting theory into practice. It also explores the treatment of non-sampling errors featuring a range of topics from the problems of coverage to the treatment of non-response. In addition, the book includes real examples, applications, and a large set of exercises with solutions. Sampling and Estimation from Finite Populations begins with a look at the history of survey sampling. It then offers chapters on: population, sample, and estimation; simple and systematic designs; stratification; sampling with unequal probabilities; balanced sampling; cluster and two-stage sampling; and other topics on sampling, such as spatial sampling, coordination in repeated surveys, and multiple survey frames. The book also includes sections on: post-stratification and calibration on marginal totals; calibration estimation; estimation of complex parameters; variance estimation by linearization; and much more. Provides an up-to-date review of the theory of sampling Discusses the foundation of inference in survey sampling, in particular, the model-based and design-based frameworks Reviews the problems of application of the theory into practice Also deals with the treatment of non sampling errors Sampling and Estimation from Finite Populations is an excellent book for methodologists and researchers in survey agencies and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in social science, statistics, and survey courses.

Author : Graham Upton
Publisher : Pelagic Publishing Ltd
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-10-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781784272333

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Measuring Abundance by Graham Upton Pdf

Measuring the abundance of individuals and the diversity of species are core components of most ecological research projects and conservation monitoring. This book brings together in one place, for the first time, the methods used to estimate the abundance of individuals in nature. The statistical basis of each method is detailed along with practical considerations for survey design and data collection. Methods are illustrated using data ranging from Alaskan shrubs to Yellowstone grizzly bears, not forgetting Costa Rican ants and Prince Edward Island lobsters. Where necessary, example code for use with the open source software R is supplied. When appropriate, reference is made to other widely used programs. After opening with a brief synopsis of relevant statistical methods, the first section deals with the abundance of stationary items such as trees, shrubs, coral, etc. Following a discussion of the use of quadrats and transects in the contexts of forestry sampling and the assessment of plant cover, there are chapters addressing line-intercept sampling, the use of nearest-neighbour distances, and variable sized plots. The second section deals with individuals that move, such as birds, mammals, reptiles, fish, etc. Approaches discussed include double-observer sampling, removal sampling, capture-recapture methods and distance sampling. The final section deals with the measurement of species richness; species diversity; species-abundance distributions; and other aspects of diversity such as evenness, similarity, turnover and rarity. This is an essential reference for anyone involved in advanced undergraduate or postgraduate ecological research and teaching, or those planning and carrying out data analysis as part of conservation survey and monitoring programmes.

Author : D.L. Borchers,Stephen T. Buckland,Walter Zucchini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781447137085

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Estimating Animal Abundance by D.L. Borchers,Stephen T. Buckland,Walter Zucchini Pdf

The first accessible introduction to the many various wildlife assessment methods! This book uses a new approach that makes the full range of methods accessible in a way that has not previously been possible. Accompanied by free, user-friendly software to get some "hands-on" experience with the methods and how they perform in different contexts.