Dna Methylation And Cancer Therapy

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DNA Methylation and Cancer Therapy

Moshe Szyf
DNA Methylation and Cancer Therapy Book PDF

Author : Moshe Szyf
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2007-04-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780387274430

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DNA Methylation and Cancer Therapy by Moshe Szyf Pdf

NA methylation has bewildered molecular biologists since Hotchkiss discovered it almost six decades ago (Hotchkiss RDJ. Biol Cem 1948; 175:315-332). The fact that the chemical structure of our D genome consists of two components that are covalently bound, the genetic information that is replicated by the DNA replication machinery ana DNA methylation that is maintainea by independent enzymatic machinery, has redictably stimulated the imagination and curiosity of generations of mo Edular biologists. An obvious question was whether DNA methylation was a bearer of additional information to the genetic information and what was the nature of this information? It was tempting to speculate that DNA me thylation applied some form of control over programming of the genome s expression profile. Once techniques to probe the methylation profile of whole genomes as well as specific genes became available, it became clear that DNA methylation patterns are gene and tissue specific and that patterns of gene expression correlate with patterns of methylation. DNA methylation pat terns emerged as the only component of the chemical structure of DNA that exhibited tissue and cell specificity. This data seemingly provided an attrac tively simple explanation for the longstanding dilemma of how could one identical genome manifest itself in so many different forms in multicellular organisms? The DNA methylation pattern has thus become the only known factor to confer upon DNA a unique cellular identity.

The Histone Code and Beyond

Shelley L. Berger,O. Nakanishi,Bernhard Haendler
The Histone Code and Beyond Book PDF

Author : Shelley L. Berger,O. Nakanishi,Bernhard Haendler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2007-01-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540376330

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The Histone Code and Beyond by Shelley L. Berger,O. Nakanishi,Bernhard Haendler Pdf

Methylation of DNA at cytosine residues as well as post-translational modifications of histones, including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitylation, contribute to the epigenetic information carried by chromatin. These changes play an important role in the regulation of gene expression by modulating the access of regulatory factors to the DNA. The use of a combination of biochemical, genetic and structural approaches has allowed demonstration of the role of chromatin structure in transcriptional control. The structure of nucleosomes has been elucidated and enzymes involved in DNA or histone modifications have been extensively characterized. Since deregulation of epigenetic marks has been reported in many cancers, a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms bears the promise that new drug targets may soon be found. The newest developments in this quickly developing field are presented in this book.

Cancer Epigenetics

Antonio Giordano,Marcella Macaluso
Cancer Epigenetics Book PDF

Author : Antonio Giordano,Marcella Macaluso
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2011-10-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118005736

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Cancer Epigenetics by Antonio Giordano,Marcella Macaluso Pdf

Cancer Epigenetics: Biomolecular Therapeutics in Human Cancer is the only resource to focus on biomolecular approaches to cancer therapy. Its presentation of the latest research in cancer biology reflects the interdisciplinary nature of the field and aims to facilitate collaboration between the basic, translational, and clinical sciences.

Epigenetics and Cancer

Fazlul H. Sarkar
Epigenetics and Cancer Book PDF

Author : Fazlul H. Sarkar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2013-05-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789400766129

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Epigenetics and Cancer by Fazlul H. Sarkar Pdf

Overall, this book illustrates the complexities of the regulation and deregulation of genes mediated through epigenetics in the development and progression of human malignancies. All the articles have been carefully chosen to represent several cancer systems with state of our knowledge on the role of epigenetic deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target mRNAs along with epigenetic deregulation of mRNAs. This book also illustrates the role of several dietary agents, collectively called nutraceuticals or natural agents in modulating the epigenetic reprogramming of miRNAs and mRNAs for the prevention and/or treatment of human malignancies. It is well known that genetic aberrations, especially inherited through parents (somatic genetic alterations) contribute to the development of less than 10% of all cancer yet epigenetic alterations in genes especially through selective methylation and acetylation appears to be responsible for the development and progression of the vast majority of all cancers. Therefore, understanding the role of epigenetics in the regulation of genes especially through deregulated expression of miRNAs as presented in this book will allow scientists to devise targeted therapeutic strategies for re-expression of the lost genes or down-regulate the genes that are over-expressed in order to eradicate cancer. It is hoped that targeting epigenetics will not only target cancer cells but it will also target the tumor microenvironment (more like the entire tumor environment such as the entire host) for achieving better treatment outcomes for patients diagnosed with cancer which will lead to achieve the long-term objective for complete eradication of cancer. This book contains fifteen chapters which begins with the concept of systems and network biology for investigating the epigenetics of cancer followed by a series of articles on the role of miRNAs and their target genes in the biology of pancreatic cancer and other cancers such as breast, kidney, prostate and and colon. Since it is becoming increasingly clear that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are important in the development and progression of cancer, and CSCs are important in therapeutic resistance, treatment failure and tumor recurrence, thus the importance of CSCs and epigenetics has been highlighted by a very timely article on epigenetic variations of stem cell markers in cancer including miRNAs. Moreover, just targeting heterogeneous cancer cell populations may not be optimal to eradicate tumors and for which one must take a holistic approach for developing drugs that could also target the tumor microenvironment and tumor dormancy that are regulated through epigenetics. Keeping abreast with this thought process the concluding chapter provides a concept towards curative cancer therapy with maspin, which could be a unique window of opportunity to target tumor dormancy. Therefore, it suggest that targeting the tumor dormancy and the tumor microenvironment using novel therapeutics specifically by targeting epigenetics would become the future of medicine.

Cancer Epigenetics

Trygve Tollefsbol
Cancer Epigenetics Book PDF

Author : Trygve Tollefsbol
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2008-09-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781420045802

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Cancer Epigenetics by Trygve Tollefsbol Pdf

During the past few decades, it has become increasingly apparent that heredity is not the sole determining factor in disease development, such as cancer. This landmark work covers a wide array of aspects in the relatively new area of epigenetics, ranging from its role in the basic mechanisms of tumorigenesis, to the newest epigenetic drugs being de

Epigenetic Therapy of Cancer

Michael Lübbert,Peter A. Jones
Epigenetic Therapy of Cancer Book PDF

Author : Michael Lübbert,Peter A. Jones
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642384042

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Epigenetic Therapy of Cancer by Michael Lübbert,Peter A. Jones Pdf

The growing knowledge about disturbances of epigenetic gene regulation in hematopoietic stem cell disorders is now being translated into treatment approaches that target the epigenetic defects pharmacologically. This book first presents the latest evidence regarding the epigenetic regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and hemoglobin production. The significance of DNA methylation abnormalities in hematopoietic disorders and of epigenetic disturbances in lung cancer and other solid tumors is then discussed. A major part of the book, however, relates specifically to the translation of basic research and drug development to clinical applications, and in this context both present and future clinical strategies are considered. Individual chapters are devoted to the use of DNA hypomethylating agents and chromatin-modifying agents, and the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors by means of epigenetic agents is discussed in detail.

Epigenetic Cancer Therapy

Steven Gray
Epigenetic Cancer Therapy Book PDF

Author : Steven Gray
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 773 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2023-05-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323917155

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Epigenetic Cancer Therapy by Steven Gray Pdf

Epigenetic Cancer Therapy, Second Edition provides a comprehensive discussion of healthy and aberrant epigenetic biology, along with new discoveries to improve our understanding of cancer epigenetics and therapeutics. The book encompasses large-scale intergovernmental initiatives, as well as recent findings across cancer stem cells, rational drug design, clinical trials, and chemopreventative strategies. As a whole, the work articulates and raises the profile of epigenetics as a therapeutic option in the future management of cancer. Since the publication of the first edition of this book, the field of epigenetics has undergone significant change. New epigenetic therapies have been designed and approved for clinical use. Our knowledge of the plasticity of the epigenome in cancer and disease has expanded dramatically, with increasing evidence linking pollution to epigenetic changes in cancer development. This second edition has been fully updated to address these changes, along with promising therapeutic programs such as CRISPR/Cas9 mediated approaches, CAR-T based therapies, epigenetic priming, histone modifications, and similar, transformative advances across synthetic biology and cellular engineering. Concisely summarizes the therapeutic implications of recent, large-scale epigenome studies Covers new findings in the interplay between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and drug resistance, thus demonstrating that epigenetic machinery is a candidate target for the eradication of these CSCs Provides a fully updated resource on new topics, including the epitranscriptome, oncohistones, single cell analysis, epigenetic priming, CRISPR therapy, CAR-T therapy, and epigenetics and pollution Features chapter contributions from leading experts in the field

Cutting Edge Therapies for Cancer in the 21st Century

Pier Paolo Claudio,Paraskevi Vogiatzi
Cutting Edge Therapies for Cancer in the 21st Century Book PDF

Author : Pier Paolo Claudio,Paraskevi Vogiatzi
Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers
Page : 529 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014-04-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781608058808

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Cutting Edge Therapies for Cancer in the 21st Century by Pier Paolo Claudio,Paraskevi Vogiatzi Pdf

Cancer is a broad group of diseases involving unregulated cell growth with elevated death rates as more people live in old age with mass lifestyle changes occurring in the world. The causes of cancer are diverse, complex, and still only partially understood. The chances of surviving the disease vary remarkably by the type and location of the malignancy and the extent of disease at the start of treatment. Early cancer detection is proving to be a valid approach. Cancer can be detected in a number of ways, including the presence of certain signs and symptoms, screening tests, or medical imaging. Cancer therapy is dynamically changing and revision and change in patient management is constant as our knowledge increases. Cancer is routinely treated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. Tailored cancer targeted therapy is becoming an emerging objective of today. In this book, a constructive group of cancer research experts bring the reader their shared vision, to give an extensive and realistic view of individual tumors such as breast, oral, prostate, gastric, and neuroendocrine tumors. New and contemporary terms and concepts in genetics and epigenetics, diet, anticancer treatments, and anticancer drug delivery systems are introduced in this volume. This reference highlights present experimental strategies and key findings that enhance our understanding of cancer and of future therapies. This eBook is aimed at a broad audience of undergraduates, medical students, PhDs, cancer researchers, and also cancer patient families with the goal to conceive a curiosity about the subjects presented that will hopefully lead to further studies.

The Histone Code and Beyond

Shelley L. Berger,O. Nakanishi,Bernhard Haendler
The Histone Code and Beyond Book PDF

Author : Shelley L. Berger,O. Nakanishi,Bernhard Haendler
Publisher : Springer
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2009-09-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 3540813233

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The Histone Code and Beyond by Shelley L. Berger,O. Nakanishi,Bernhard Haendler Pdf

Methylation of DNA at cytosine residues as well as post-translational modifications of histones, including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitylation, contribute to the epigenetic information carried by chromatin. These changes play an important role in the regulation of gene expression by modulating the access of regulatory factors to the DNA. The use of a combination of biochemical, genetic and structural approaches has allowed demonstration of the role of chromatin structure in transcriptional control. The structure of nucleosomes has been elucidated and enzymes involved in DNA or histone modifications have been extensively characterized. Since deregulation of epigenetic marks has been reported in many cancers, a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms bears the promise that new drug targets may soon be found. The newest developments in this quickly developing field are presented in this book.

The Molecular Basis of Cancer

John Mendelsohn,Peter M. Howley,Mark A. Israel,Joe W. Gray,Craig B. Thompson
The Molecular Basis of Cancer Book PDF

Author : John Mendelsohn,Peter M. Howley,Mark A. Israel,Joe W. Gray,Craig B. Thompson
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 1948 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2008-04-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781437710991

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The Molecular Basis of Cancer by John Mendelsohn,Peter M. Howley,Mark A. Israel,Joe W. Gray,Craig B. Thompson Pdf

Successfully fighting cancer starts with understanding how it begins. This thoroughly revised 3rd Edition explores the scientific basis for our current understanding of malignant transformation and the pathogenesis and treatment of cancer. A team of leading experts thoroughly explain the molecular biologic principles that underlie the diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions now being used in clinical trials and practice. Incorporating cutting-edge advances and the newest research, the book provides thorough descriptions of everything from molecular abnormalities in common cancers to new approaches for cancer therapy. Features sweeping updates throughout, including molecular targets for the development of anti-cancer drugs, gene therapy, and vaccines...keeping you on the cutting edge of your specialty. Offers a new, more user-friendly full-color format so the information that you need is easier to find. Presents abundant figures-all redrawn in full color-illustrating major concepts for easier comprehension. Features numerous descriptions of the latest clinical strategies-helping you to understand and take advantage of today’s state-of-the-art biotechnology advances.

Introduction to Epigenetics

Renato Paro,Ueli Grossniklaus,Raffaella Santoro,Anton Wutz
Introduction to Epigenetics Book PDF

Author : Renato Paro,Ueli Grossniklaus,Raffaella Santoro,Anton Wutz
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030686703

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Introduction to Epigenetics by Renato Paro,Ueli Grossniklaus,Raffaella Santoro,Anton Wutz Pdf

This open access textbook leads the reader from basic concepts of chromatin structure and function and RNA mechanisms to the understanding of epigenetics, imprinting, regeneration and reprogramming. The textbook treats epigenetic phenomena in animals, as well as plants. Written by four internationally known experts and senior lecturers in this field, it provides a valuable tool for Master- and PhD- students who need to comprehend the principles of epigenetics, or wish to gain a deeper knowledge in this field. After reading this book, the student will: Have an understanding of the basic toolbox of epigenetic regulation Know how genetic and epigenetic information layers are interconnected Be able to explain complex epigenetic phenomena by understanding the structures and principles of the underlying molecular mechanisms Understand how misregulated epigenetic mechanisms can lead to disease

DNA Repair in Cancer Therapy

Lawrence C. Panasci,Moulay A. Alaoui-Jamali
DNA Repair in Cancer Therapy Book PDF

Author : Lawrence C. Panasci,Moulay A. Alaoui-Jamali
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 547 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2004-03-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781592597352

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DNA Repair in Cancer Therapy by Lawrence C. Panasci,Moulay A. Alaoui-Jamali Pdf

A comprehensive review of the recent developments in DNA repair that have potential for translational and clinical applications. The authors explain in detail the various mechanisms by which cancer cells can circumvent anticancer therapy and limits its usefulness in patients. They also review the clinical impact of such novel inhibitors of DNA repair mechanisms as methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase. Also examined are inhibitors of other DNA repair enzymes such as PARP and DNA-PK, now under development and close to clinical trials. The book captures-for both cancer researchers and practicing oncologists dealing with hallmark "relapse" or "drug resistance" phenomena on a daily basis-the many exciting new uses of DNA repair inhibitors, either alone or in combination with anticancer therapies.

Alterations of Epigenetics and MicroRNAs in Cancer and Cancer Stem Cell

Yoshimasa Saito
Alterations of Epigenetics and MicroRNAs in Cancer and Cancer Stem Cell Book PDF

Author : Yoshimasa Saito
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2014-11-10
Category : Biology (General)
ISBN : 9782889193455

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Alterations of Epigenetics and MicroRNAs in Cancer and Cancer Stem Cell by Yoshimasa Saito Pdf

Studies have shown that alterations of epigenetics and microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in the initiation and progression of human cancer. Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes in cancer cells is generally mediated by DNA hypermethylation of CpG island promoter and histone modification such as methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) and tri-methylation of H3K27. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate expression of various target genes. Specific miRNAs are aberrantly expressed and play roles as tumor suppressors or oncogenes during carcinogenesis. Important tumor suppressor miRNAs are silenced by epigenetic alterations, resulting in activation of target oncogenes in human malignancies. Stem cells have the ability to perpetuate themselves through self-renewal and to generate mature cells of various tissues through differentiation. Accumulating evidence suggests that a subpopulation of cancer cells with distinct stem-like properties is responsible for tumor initiation, invasive growth, and metastasis formation, which is defined as cancer stem cells. Cancer stem cells are considered to be resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy, suggesting that these cells are important targets of cancer therapy. DNA methylation, histone modification and miRNAs may be deeply involved in stem-like properties in cancer cells. Restoring the expression of tumor suppressor genes and miRNAs by chromatin modifying drugs may be a promising therapeutic approach for cancer stem cells. In this Research Topic, we discuss about alterations of epigenetics and miRNAs in cancer and cancer stem cell and understand the molecular mechanism underlying the formation of cancer stem cell, which may provide a novel insight for treatment of refractory cancer.

Gene Therapy of Cancer

Wolfgang Walther,Ulrike Stein
Gene Therapy of Cancer Book PDF

Author : Wolfgang Walther,Ulrike Stein
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 633 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2008-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781592590865

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Gene Therapy of Cancer by Wolfgang Walther,Ulrike Stein Pdf

Since the discovery of the molecular structure of genes and the unveiling of the molecular basis of numerous human diseases, scientists have been fas- nated with the possibility of treating certain diseases by transducing foreign DNA into the affected cells. Initially, it was proposed that the foreign DNA could either replace defective nonfunctional genes, or code for therapeutic proteins. This concept has evolved into the rapidly growing field of gene therapy. Even though surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are widely ava- able and routinely used for cancer treatment, these therapies fail to cure approximately 50 percent of cancer patients. Therefore, since it is a disease characterized by aberrant gene expression, cancer has been a target of gene therapy research since the inception of this treatment modality. Numerous cancer gene therapy strategies are currently being investigated, including gene replacement therapy, the regulation of gene expression to modulate immu- logical responses to tumors, the direct killing of tumor cells, and direct int- ference with tumor growth. In this context, gene transfer systems, tumor-specific expression vectors, and novel therapeutic genes have been extensively st- ied. All these strategies aim for the selective destruction of human malignant disease while circumventing the destruction of nonmalignant cells and tissues thereby minimizing toxicity to the patient.

Breast Cancer

Phuc Van Pham
Breast Cancer Book PDF

Author : Phuc Van Pham
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 570 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-04-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789535129998

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Breast Cancer by Phuc Van Pham Pdf

Breast Cancer - From Biology to Medicine thoroughly examines breast cancer from basic definitions, to cellular and molecular biology, to diagnosis and treatment. This book also has some additional focus on preclinical and clinical results in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. The book begins with introduction on epidemiology and pathophysiology of breast cancer in Section 1. In Section 2, the subsequent chapters introduce molecular and cellular biology of breast cancer with some particular signaling pathways, the gene expression, as well as the gene methylation and genomic imprinting, especially the existence of breast cancer stem cells. In Section 3, some new diagnostic methods and updated therapies from surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and some complementary therapies are discussed. This book provides a succinct yet comprehensive overview of breast cancer for advanced students, graduate students, and researchers as well as those working with breast cancer in a clinical setting.