Do Minimum Wages In Latin America And The Caribbean Matter

Author : Nicolai Kristensen,Wendy L. Cunningham
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 49 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Income distribution
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Do Minimum Wages in Latin America and the Caribbean Matter? by Nicolai Kristensen,Wendy L. Cunningham Pdf

"Despite the existence of minimum wage legislation in most Latin American countries, there is little empirical evidence demonstrating its impact on the distribution of wages. In this study the authors analyze cross-country data for 19 Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries to gain an understanding of if and how minimum wages affect wage distributions in LAC countries. Although there is no single minimum wage institution in the LAC region, the authors find regional trends. Minimum wages affect the wage distribution in both the formal and, especially, the informal sector, both at the minimum wage and at multiples of the minimum. The minimum does not uniformly benefit low-wage workers: in countries where the minimum wage is relatively low compared to mean wages, the minimum wage affects the more disadvantaged segments of the labor force, namely informal sector workers, women, young and older workers, and the low skilled, but in countries where the minimum wage is relatively high compared to the wage distribution, it primarily affects wages of the high skilled. This indicates that the minimum does not generally lift the wages of all, but instead, it offers a wage into which employers can "lock in" wages that are already near that level. Thus, minimum wage legislation is more far-reaching than originally thought, affecting both the uncovered informal sector and those earning above the minimum. In addition, the relative level of the minimum wage is important for determining whose wages are affected. "--World Bank web site.

Author : Nicolai Kristensen,Wendy Cunningham
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:931673516

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Do Minimum Wages in Latin America and the Caribbean Matter? Evidence from 19 Countries by Nicolai Kristensen,Wendy Cunningham Pdf

Despite the existence of minimum wage legislation in most Latin American countries, there is little empirical evidence demonstrating its impact on the distribution of wages. In this study the authors analyze cross-country data for 19 Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries to gain an understanding of if and how minimum wages affect wage distributions in LAC countries. Although there is no single minimum wage institution in the LAC region, the authors find regional trends. Minimum wages affect the wage distribution in both the formal and, especially, the informal sector, both at the minimum wage and at multiples of the minimum. The minimum does not uniformly benefit low-wage workers: in countries where the minimum wage is relatively low compared to mean wages, the minimum wage affects the more disadvantaged segments of the labor force, namely informal sector workers, women, young and older workers, and the low skilled, but in countries where the minimum wage is relatively high compared to the wage distribution, it primarily affects wages of the high skilled. This indicates that the minimum does not generally lift the wages of all, but instead, it offers a wage into which employers can "lock in" wages that are already near that level. Thus, minimum wage legislation is more far-reaching than originally thought, affecting both the uncovered informal sector and those earning above the minimum. In addition, the relative level of the minimum wage is important for determining whose wages are affected.

Author : William Francis Maloney,Jairo Núñez Méndez,Wendy L. Cunningham
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Income distribution
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Measuring the Impact of Minimum Wages by William Francis Maloney,Jairo Núñez Méndez,Wendy L. Cunningham Pdf

Simple numerical measures of the minimum wage may offer deceptive indicators of its impact. Alternative measures, such as kernel density or cumulative distribution plots, are more reliable, and highlight influences higher in the wage distribution or on the informal sector. Panel employment data from Colombia, where minimum wages seem high and binding, show that the minimum wage can have important impacts on wages and unemployment across the wage distribution.

Author : Damian Grimshaw
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Minimum wage
ISBN : CORNELL:31924095165738

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Minimum Wages and Pay Equity in Latin America by Damian Grimshaw Pdf

Author : International Labour Office
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1954
Category : Minimum wage
ISBN : UCR:31210011829437

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Minimum Wages in Latin America by International Labour Office Pdf

Author : Julián Messina,Joana Silva
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2017-12-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464810404

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Wage Inequality in Latin America by Julián Messina,Joana Silva Pdf

What caused the decline in wage inequality of the 2000s in Latin America? Looking to the future, will the current economic slowdown be regressive? Wage Inequality in Latin America: Understanding the Past to Prepare for the Future addresses these two questions by reviewing relevant literature and providing new evidence on what we know from the conceptual, empirical, and policy perspectives. The answer to the fi rst question can be broken down into several parts, although the bottom line is that the changes in wage inequality resulted from a combination of three forces: (a) education expansion and its eff ect on falling returns to skill (the supply-side story); (b) shifts in aggregate domestic demand; and (c) exchange rate appreciation from the commodity boom and the associated shift to the nontradable sector that changed interfi rm wage diff erences. Other forces had a non-negligible but secondary role in some countries, while they were not present in others. These include the rapid increase of the minimum wage and a rapid trend toward formalization of employment, which played a supporting role but only during the boom. Understanding the forces behind recent trends also helps to shed light on the second question. The analysis in this volume suggests that the economic slowdown is putting the brakes on the reduction of inequality in Latin America and will likely continue to do so—but it might not actually reverse the region’s movement toward less wage inequality.

Author : Wendy V. Cunningham
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Latin America
ISBN : 6610940487

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Minimum Wages and Social Policy by Wendy V. Cunningham Pdf

Offering evidence from both detailed individual country studies and homogenized statistics across the Latin American and Caribbean region, this book examines the impact of the minimum wage on wages, employment, poverty, income distribution and government budgets in the context of a large informal sector and predominantly unskilled workforces.

Author : Carmen Pag s,Ga lle Le Borgne Pierre,Stefano Scarpetta
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821380257

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Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean by Carmen Pag s,Ga lle Le Borgne Pierre,Stefano Scarpetta Pdf

More than a decade has passed since the introduction of comprehensive macroeconomic stabilization packages and trade, fiscal, and financial market reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean. However, growth prospects remain disappointing; labor markets show lackluster performance, with low participation rates, high and persistent informality, and, in some cases, open unemployment. Creating viable and lasting employment is vital to reduce poverty and spread prosperity in the region. The failure to create more and more productive and rewarding jobs carries substantial political, social, and economic costs. 'Job Creation in Latin America and the Caribbean: Recent Trends and Policy Challenges' provides a thorough examination of the labor market trends in the region in recent decades and assesses the role that labor demand and labor supply factors have played in shaping these outcomes.

Author : James J. Heckman,Carmen Pages
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 585 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2007-11-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780226322858

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Law and Employment by James J. Heckman,Carmen Pages Pdf

Law and Employment analyzes the effects of regulation and deregulation on Latin American labor markets and presents empirically grounded studies of the costs of regulation. Numerous labor regulations that were introduced or reformed in Latin America in the past thirty years have had important economic consequences. Nobel Prize-winning economist James J. Heckman and Carmen Pagés document the behavior of firms attempting to stay in business and be competitive while facing the high costs of complying with these labor laws. They challenge the prevailing view that labor market regulations affect only the distribution of labor incomes and have little or no impact on efficiency or the performance of labor markets. Using new micro-evidence, this volume shows that labor regulations reduce labor market turnover rates and flexibility, promote inequality, and discriminate against marginal workers. Along with in-depth studies of Colombia, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Jamaica, and Trinidad, Law and Employment provides comparative analysis of Latin American economies against a range of European countries and the United States. The book breaks new ground by quantifying not only the cost of regulation in Latin America, the Caribbean, and in the OECD, but also the broader impact of this regulation.

Author : Jody Heymann
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2013-02-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780674067974

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Children's Chances by Jody Heymann Pdf

Children’s Chances urges a shift from focusing on survival to targeting children’s full and healthy development. Drawing on comparative data on policies in 190 countries designed to combat poverty, discrimination, child labor, illiteracy, and child marriage, Heymann and McNeill tell what works to ensure equal opportunities for all children.

Author : International Labour Office
Publisher : Hassell Street Press
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2021-09-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1014175097

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Minimum Wages in Latin America by International Labour Office Pdf

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Author : Wendy V. Cunningham
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780821370124

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Minimum Wages and Social Policy by Wendy V. Cunningham Pdf

Offering evidence from both detailed individual country studies and homogenized statistics across the Latin American and Caribbean region, this book examines the impact of the minimum wage on wages, employment, poverty, income distribution and government budgets in the context of a large informal sector and predominantly unskilled workforces.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Caribbean Area
ISBN : CORNELL:31924092384787

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Employment Policies in the Economic Restructuring of Latin America and the Caribbean by Anonim Pdf

Author : Giovanni Andrea Cornia
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2014-01-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191005275

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Falling Inequality in Latin America by Giovanni Andrea Cornia Pdf

The volume aims to document and explain the sizeable decline of income inequality that has taken place in Latin America during the 2000s. It does so through an exploration of inequality changes in six representative countries, and ten policy chapters dealing with macroeconomics, foreign trade, taxation, labour market, human capital formation, and social assistance, which point to the emergence of a 'new policy model'. The volume addresses a major issue in economic development with profound implications for many developing regions and those OECD countries mired in a long-lasting financial crisis and economic stagnation. For at least the last quarter of the twentieth century, Latin America suffered from low growth, rising inequality, and frequent financial crises. However, since the turn of the century, growth accelerated, inequality declined, poverty fell, and macroeconomic stability improved, all this in parallel to the spread of centre-left political regimes in three quarters of the region. This inequality decline has taken many by surprise as, for a long time, the region has been a symbol of a deeply entrenched unequal distribution of assets, incomes, and opportunities, limited or no state redistribution, and a deeply embedded authoritarianism enforcing an unjust status quo. The recent Latin American experience is particularly valuable as inequality was reduced under open economy conditions and in a period of intensifying global integration, which have often been considered as a source of rising inequality. In this sense, however imperfect, the recent Latin American experience may be of interest to countries completing their transition to the market and liberal democracy (as in the former socialist countries of Europe), facing a political transition (as those affected by the Arab Spring, Myanmar and countries in sub-Saharan Africa), or recording rises in inequality and social tensions in spite of rapid economic growth (as in China and India). Until recently there was not much agreement on the drivers of the inequality decline in the region, which was attributed to changes in the supply/demand of skilled workers, improvements in terms of trade, the spread of social assistance schemes, or 'luck'. In this respect, the volume offers the first scholarly and systematic exploration of this unexpected change. As income inequality has been rising and is currently rising in many parts of the world, a good understanding of the Latin American experience over the 2000s is a topic that will inform and generate a lot of attention.

Author : Javier A. Reyes,W. Charles Sawyer
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2011-03-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136814532

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Latin American Economic Development by Javier A. Reyes,W. Charles Sawyer Pdf

Latin America is one of the most interesting parts of the world. The region’s illustrious history, culture, and geography are famous internationally, but in terms of economics, Latin America has been generally associated with problems. For many, the combination of a resource rich region and poor economic conditions has been a puzzle. Latin American Economic Development provides the most up to date exploration of how this happened with a focus on why the continent can be considered to have underperformed, how the various Latin American economies function and the future prospects for the region. This textbook addresses the economic problems of Latin America theme by theme. The first four centuries of Latin American economic development are explained with reference to historical and institutional factors; the role of commodities; import substitution industrialization; and the resultant slow growth of the region. The development of Latin America during the twentieth century is examined through the policies of governments toward international trade and the management of the exchange rate. A result of these policies was the accumulation of significant debt in the region that resulted in substantial economic instability. The final section of the book explains how all of these themes have contributed to two dominant problems for the region: poverty and inequality. The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive text for increasingly popular undergraduate economics courses on Latin America. However, the book has been carefully designed for use by both students majoring in economics and for those in other disciplines looking for a wide-ranging guide to the region. This book should be an invaluable resource for undergraduates looking at Latin American economics, growth and development.