Drivers Of Spain S Export Performance And The Role Of The Labor Market Reforms

Drivers Of Spain S Export Performance And The Role Of The Labor Market Reforms Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Drivers Of Spain S Export Performance And The Role Of The Labor Market Reforms book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.

Drivers of Spain’s Export Performance and the Role of the Labor Market Reforms

Jorge Salas
Drivers of Spain s Export Performance and the Role of the Labor Market Reforms Book PDF

Author : Jorge Salas
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 23 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2018-12-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484392409

Get Book

Drivers of Spain’s Export Performance and the Role of the Labor Market Reforms by Jorge Salas Pdf

Spain’s export performance strengthened after the global financial crisis, and exports now represent more than a third of GDP. This paper argues that several factors contributed to that achievement: external demand, supported by greater diversification of destination markets; enhanced export orientation of Spanish firms, partly as a response to lower domestic demand after the crisis; and competitiveness gains, reflecting in part changes in the labor market following structural reforms adopted in 2010 and 2012. Based on cross-country panel regressions linking real export growth to employment protection indicators, those labor market reforms are estimated to account for nearly one-tenth to above one-quarter of Spain’s total export growth rate from 2010 to 2013.

Drivers of Spain’s Export Performance and the Role of the Labor Market Reforms

Jorge Salas
Drivers of Spain s Export Performance and the Role of the Labor Market Reforms Book PDF

Author : Jorge Salas
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 23 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2018-12-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484386941

Get Book

Drivers of Spain’s Export Performance and the Role of the Labor Market Reforms by Jorge Salas Pdf

Spain’s export performance strengthened after the global financial crisis, and exports now represent more than a third of GDP. This paper argues that several factors contributed to that achievement: external demand, supported by greater diversification of destination markets; enhanced export orientation of Spanish firms, partly as a response to lower domestic demand after the crisis; and competitiveness gains, reflecting in part changes in the labor market following structural reforms adopted in 2010 and 2012. Based on cross-country panel regressions linking real export growth to employment protection indicators, those labor market reforms are estimated to account for nearly one-tenth to above one-quarter of Spain’s total export growth rate from 2010 to 2013.

Distributional Implications of Labor Market Reforms: Learning from Spain's Experience

Ara Stepanyan,Jorge Salas
Distributional Implications of Labor Market Reforms Learning from Spain s Experience Book PDF

Author : Ara Stepanyan,Jorge Salas
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2020-02-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513526874

Get Book

Distributional Implications of Labor Market Reforms: Learning from Spain's Experience by Ara Stepanyan,Jorge Salas Pdf

Spain’s structural reforms, implemented around 2012, have arguably contributed to a faster and stronger economic recovery. In particular, there is strong evidence that the 2012 labor market reforms increased wage flexibility, which helped the Spanish economy to regain competitiveness and create jobs. But the impact of these labor reforms on income inequality and social inclusion has not been analyzed much. This paper aims to shed light on this issue by employing an econometric decomposition procedure combined with the synthetic control method. The results indicate that the 2012 labor reforms have helped improve employment and income equality outcomes with no substantial impact on the overall risk of poverty. Nevertheless, the reforms appear to have induced a deterioration of average hours worked, in-work poverty, and possibly also of involuntary part-time employment.

Spain

International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Spain Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-01-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475572766

Get Book

Spain by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Pdf

This Selected Issues paper analyzes the drivers of firm productivity growth in Spain. Spain’s weak productivity performance has been linked to the dominance of many low-productivity small firms and inefficient allocation of resources. The biggest gain can be expected from lowering regulatory barriers to competition and the cost of doing business, including at the regional level. Further improving the access to equity and credit financing, in particular for innovative start-up companies, and addressing potential disincentive effects of size-contingent rules, can also make important contributions to raising productivity growth. Supporting innovation through increasing the efficiency of Research and Development (R&D) incentives and enhancing the private R&D investment should generate positive spillovers, which are difficult to capture empirically.

Globalization and Informal Jobs in Developing Countries

Marc Bacchetta,Ekkehard Ernst,Juana P. Bustamante
Globalization and Informal Jobs in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : Marc Bacchetta,Ekkehard Ernst,Juana P. Bustamante
Publisher : World Trade Organization
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9287036918

Get Book

Globalization and Informal Jobs in Developing Countries by Marc Bacchetta,Ekkehard Ernst,Juana P. Bustamante Pdf

World trade has expanded significantly in recent years, making a major contribution to global growth. Economic growth has not led to a corresponding improvement in working conditions and living standards for many workers. In developing countries, job creation has largely taken place in the informal economy, where around 60 per cent of workers are employed. Most of the workers in the informal economy have almost no job security, low incomes and no social protection, with limited opportunities to benefit from globalization. This study focuses on the relationship between trade And The growth of the informal economy in developing countries. Based on existing academic literature, complemented with new empirical research by the ILO And The WTO, The study discusses how trade reform affects different aspects of the informal economy. it also examines how high rates of informal employment diminish the scope for developing countries to translate trade openness into sustainable long-term growth. The report analyses how well-designed trade and decent-work friendly policies can complement each other so as to promote sustainable development and growing prosperity in developing countries.

The Labor Market and Economic Adjustment

Pierre-Richard Agénor
The Labor Market and Economic Adjustment Book PDF

Author : Pierre-Richard Agénor
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1995-11-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451854787

Get Book

The Labor Market and Economic Adjustment by Pierre-Richard Agénor Pdf

This paper examines the role of the labor market in the transmission process of adjustment policies in developing countries. It begins by reviewing the recent evidence regarding the functioning of these markets. It then studies the implications of wage inertia, nominal contracts, labor market segmentation, and impediments to labor mobility for stabilization policies. The effect of labor market reforms on economic flexibility and the channels through which labor market imperfections alter the effects of structural adjustment measures are discussed next. The last part of the paper identifies a variety of issues that may require further investigation, such as the link between changes in relative wages and the distributional effects of adjustment policies.

Identifying Supply-side Constraints to Export Performance in Ecuador

Paulo Correa,Mariam Dayoub,Manuela Francisco
Identifying Supply side Constraints to Export Performance in Ecuador Book PDF

Author : Paulo Correa,Mariam Dayoub,Manuela Francisco
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business Environment
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

Identifying Supply-side Constraints to Export Performance in Ecuador by Paulo Correa,Mariam Dayoub,Manuela Francisco Pdf

The authors apply a Heckman selection model to the 2003 Investment Climate Survey (ICS) to investigate supply-side constraints to export performance at the firm level in Ecuador. To correct for the non-random truncation problems, they use the Heckman selection model to estimate the probability of exporting (export propensity) and the share of total sales that are exported (export intensity) by Ecuadorian firms. They develop a baseline model with 12 independent variables divided into three categories-idiosyncratic characteristics, technology, and business environment. The authors develop three other models with the addition of variables related to trade integration, business environment, and infrastructure. Results corroborate with the hypothesis implicit in the Heckman model, which considers both decisions made by a firm-whether to export, and how much of its sales to export-to be interdependent. In the Ecuadorian case, they find three important results for the firm's export performance: technology matters; infrastructure does not; and trade orientation is significant, with specialized firms tending to have smaller export intensity when their main trade partners are countries of the Andean Community, and the opposite happening if the United States is their main trade partner. The authors find a robust and stable relationship for export propensity and intensity with size, import of inputs, labor regulations, in-house research and development, quality certification, web-use, and foreign ownership. Also, capacity utilization and trade with the United States positively affect export intensity, while trade within the Andean Community has the opposite effect in the outcome variable. But they find no significant relationship for the infrastructure variables.

Trade and Employment

Marion Jansen,Ralf Peters,Salazar Xirinachs Salazar X.,José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs
Trade and Employment Book PDF

Author : Marion Jansen,Ralf Peters,Salazar Xirinachs Salazar X.,José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs
Publisher : International Labor Office
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9221253201

Get Book

Trade and Employment by Marion Jansen,Ralf Peters,Salazar Xirinachs Salazar X.,José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs Pdf

An International Labor Office and European Commission publication Although the effect of trade on employment is a popular point of economic debate, there are very few factual assessments available. This book examines the most recent evidence and provides guidance for the design of tools to assess more accurately the employment impacts of trade. Trade and Employment argues for strengthening the micro-foundations of models used to evaluate the employment effects of trade and for including the informal economy and adjustment processes in modeling efforts. It emphasizes the role of governments in helping firms survive or grow, in providing social protection to protect against external shocks, in addressing gender equity, and in building physical infrastructure and human skills bases that facilitate export diversification. It is a valuable resource for all those interested in the debate on the employment effects of trade: workers and employers, academics and policymakers, and trade and labor specialists.

Uzbekistan Quality Job Creation as a Cornerstone for Sustainable Economic Growth

Kym Anderson,Edimon Ginting,Kiyoshi Taniguchi
Uzbekistan Quality Job Creation as a Cornerstone for Sustainable Economic Growth Book PDF

Author : Kym Anderson,Edimon Ginting,Kiyoshi Taniguchi
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2020-06-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789292621957

Get Book

Uzbekistan Quality Job Creation as a Cornerstone for Sustainable Economic Growth by Kym Anderson,Edimon Ginting,Kiyoshi Taniguchi Pdf

Uzbekistan has achieved sustained growth through its gradual transition to a market-based economy through cautious economic policy reforms. Despite its gradual approach to development challenges, the country experienced the smallest output decline among former Soviet economies and enjoyed high rates of economic growth from 2004 to 2015, largely driven by the high prices of its major export commodities. However, the drop in the global prices of many key commodities in recent years have severely impacted Uzbekistan's economy. Under these circumstances, the new government introduced major reforms. The pace of reform is unprecedented. The government has formulated its long-term economic strategy in its Vision 2030, which aims to double the country's gross domestic product by 2030 through a program of economic diversification. This book analyzes how Uzbekistan can boost sustainable economic growth to create more and better jobs. It considers how the country can consolidate achievements from recent policy reforms and maintain reform efforts to accelerate sustainable growth. Policy recommendations cover fostering macroeconomic stability, increasing investment in physical infrastructure, enhancing human capital, improving firms' access to finance, and lowering barriers to international trade and foreign investment inflows.

World Development Report 2019

World Bank
World Development Report 2019 Book PDF

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464813566

Get Book

World Development Report 2019 by World Bank Pdf

Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.

Ensuring Quality to Gain Access to Global Markets

Martin Kellermann
Ensuring Quality to Gain Access to Global Markets Book PDF

Author : Martin Kellermann
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464813726

Get Book

Ensuring Quality to Gain Access to Global Markets by Martin Kellermann Pdf

In a modern world with rapidly growing international trade, countries compete less based on the availability of natural resources, geographical advantages, and lower labor costs and more on factors related to firms' ability to enter and compete in new markets. One such factor is the ability to demonstrate the quality and safety of goods and services expected by consumers and confirm compliance with international standards. To assure such compliance, a sound quality infrastructure (QI) ecosystem is essential. Jointly developed by the World Bank Group and the National Metrology Institute of Germany, this guide is designed to help development partners and governments analyze a country's quality infrastructure ecosystems and provide recommendations to design and implement reforms and enhance the capacity of their QI institutions.

Global Trends 2040

National Intelligence Council
Global Trends 2040 Book PDF

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2021-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1646794974

Get Book

Global Trends 2040 by National Intelligence Council Pdf

"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Labour Markets, Institutions and Inequality

Janine Berg
Labour Markets Institutions and Inequality Book PDF

Author : Janine Berg
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2015-01-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781784712105

Get Book

Labour Markets, Institutions and Inequality by Janine Berg Pdf

Labour market institutions, including collective bargaining, the regulation of employment contracts and social protection policies, are instrumental for improving the well-being of workers, their families and society. In many countries, these instituti

Does What You Export Matter?

Daniel Lederman,William Maloney
Does What You Export Matter Book PDF

Author : Daniel Lederman,William Maloney
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-06-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821384916

Get Book

Does What You Export Matter? by Daniel Lederman,William Maloney Pdf

Does what economies export matter for development? If so, can industrial policies improve on the export basket generated by the market? This book approaches these questions from a variety of conceptual and policy viewpoints. Reviewing the theoretical arguments in favor of industrial policies, the authors first ask whether existing indicators allow policy makers to identify growth-promoting sectors with confidence. To this end, they assess, and ultimately cast doubt upon, the reliability of many popular indicators advocated by proponents of industrial policy. Second, and central to their critique, the authors document extraordinary differences in the performance of countries exporting seemingly identical products, be they natural resources or 'high-tech' goods. Further, they argue that globalization has so fragmented the production process that even talking about exported goods as opposed to tasks may be misleading. Reviewing evidence from history and from around the world, the authors conclude that policy makers should focus less on what is produced, and more on how it is produced. They analyze alternative approaches to picking winners but conclude by favoring 'horizontal-ish' policies--for instance, those that build human capital or foment innovation in existing and future products—that only incidentally favor some sectors over others.

Skilling Up Vietnam

Christian Bodewig,Reena Badiani-Magnusson,Kevin Macdonald,David Newhouse,Jan Rutkowski
Skilling Up Vietnam Book PDF

Author : Christian Bodewig,Reena Badiani-Magnusson,Kevin Macdonald,David Newhouse,Jan Rutkowski
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014-07-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464802317

Get Book

Skilling Up Vietnam by Christian Bodewig,Reena Badiani-Magnusson,Kevin Macdonald,David Newhouse,Jan Rutkowski Pdf

The demand for workforce skills is changing in Vietnam’s dynamic economy. In addition to job-specific skills, Vietnamese employers value cognitive skills, like problem solving, and behavioral skills, like team work. This book presents an agenda of change for Vietnam’s education system to prepare workers to succeed in Vietnam’s modernizing economy.