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Author : Roger C. Schank
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1999-08-28
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0521633982
Crucial reading for those concerned with education and school reform.
Author : Douglas R Hofstadter,Emmanuel Sander
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 594 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780465021581
Analogy is the core of all thinking. This is the simple but unorthodox premise that Pulitzer Prize -- winning author Douglas Hofstadter and French psychologist Emmanuel Sander defend in their new work. Hofstadter has been grappling with the mysteries of human thought for over thirty years. Now, with his trademark wit and special talent for making complex ideas vivid, he has partnered with Sander to put forth a highly novel perspective on cognition. We are constantly faced with a swirling and intermingling multitude of ill-defined situations. Our brain's job is to try to make sense of this unpredictable, swarming chaos of stimuli. How does it do so? The ceaseless hail of input triggers analogies galore, helping us to pinpoint the essence of what is going on. Often this means the spontaneous evocation of words, sometimes idioms, sometimes the triggering of nameless, long-buried memories. Why did two-year-old Camille proudly exclaim, "I undressed the banana!"? Why do people who hear a story often blurt out, "Exactly the same thing happened to me!" when it was a completely different event? How do we recognize an aggressive driver from a split-second glance in our rearview mirror? What in a friend's remark triggers the offhand reply, "That's just sour grapes"? What did Albert Einstein see that made him suspect that light consists of particles when a century of research had driven the final nail in the coffin of that long-dead idea? The answer to all these questions, of course, is analogy-making -- the meat and potatoes, the heart and soul, the fuel and fire, the gist and the crux, the lifeblood and the wellsprings of thought. Analogy-making, far from happening at rare intervals, occurs at all moments, defining thinking from top to toe, from the tiniest and most fleeting thoughts to the most creative scientific insights. Like Gö, Escher, Bach before it, Surfaces and Essences will profoundly enrich our understanding of our own minds. By plunging the reader into an extraordinary variety of colorful situations involving language, thought, and memory, by revealing bit by bit the constantly churning cognitive mechanisms normally completely hidden from view, and by discovering in them one central, invariant core -- the incessant, unconscious quest for strong analogical links to past experiences -- this book puts forth a radical and deeply surprising new vision of the act of thinking.
Author : John Mace
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781405182140
Involuntary memory was identified by the pioneering memoryresearcher Hermann Ebbinghaus more than a century ago, but it wasnot until very recently that cognitive psychologists began to studythis memory phenomenon. This book is the first to examine keytopics and cutting-edge research in involuntary memory. Discusses topics such as involuntary memories in everyday life,across the life-span, and in the laboratory; the special ways inwhich involuntary memories sometimes manifest themselves and anumber of theoretical treatments of the topic. Presents innovative research that not only represents thestarting point of the study of involuntary memory, but also placesit in such broader topics as autobiographical memory, consciousnessand memory, aging and memory, implicit and explicit memory,depression, and psychosis.
Author : Nicola Shaughnessy
Publisher : A&C Black
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2013-12-05
Category : Performing Arts
ISBN : 9781408193150
This book explores new developments in the dialogues between science and theatre and offers an introduction to a fast-expanding area of research and practice. The cognitive revolution in the humanities is creating new insights into the audience experience, performance processes and training. Scientists are collaborating with artists to investigate how our brains and bodies engage with performance to create new understanding of perception, emotion, imagination and empathy. Divided into four parts, each introduced by an expert editorial from leading researchers in the field, this edited volume offers readers an understanding of some of the main areas of collaboration and research: 1. Dances with Science 2. Touching Texts and Embodied Performance 3. The Multimodal Actor 4. Affecting Audiences Throughout its history theatre has provided exciting and accessible stagings of science, while contemporary practitioners are increasingly working with scientific and medical material. As Honour Bayes reported in the Guardian in 2011, the relationships between theatre, science and performance are 'exciting, explosive and unexpected'. Affective Performance and Cognitive Science charts new directions in the relations between disciplines, exploring how science and theatre can impact upon each other with reference to training, drama texts, performance and spectatorship. The book assesses the current state of play in this interdisciplinary field, facilitating cross disciplinary exchange and preparing the way for future studies.
Author : Katie Salen Tekinbas
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2007-11-30
Category : Games & Activities
ISBN : 9780262693646
An exploration of games as systems in which young people participate as gamers, producers, and learners. In the many studies of games and young people's use of them, little has been written about an overall “ecology” of gaming, game design and play—mapping the ways that all the various elements, from coding to social practices to aesthetics, coexist in the game world. This volume looks at games as systems in which young users participate, as gamers, producers, and learners. The Ecology of Games (edited by Rules of Play author Katie Salen) aims to expand upon and add nuance to the debate over the value of games—which so far has been vociferous but overly polemical and surprisingly shallow. Game play is credited with fostering new forms of social organization and new ways of thinking and interacting; the contributors work to situate this within a dynamic media ecology that has the participatory nature of gaming at its core. They look at the ways in which youth are empowered through their participation in the creation, uptake, and revision of games; emergent gaming literacies, including modding, world-building, and learning how to navigate a complex system; and how games act as points of departure for other forms of knowledge, literacy, and social organization. Contributors Ian Bogost, Anna Everett, James Paul Gee, Mizuko Ito, Barry Joseph, Laurie McCarthy, Jane McGonigal, Cory Ondrejka, Amit Pitaru, Tom Satwicz, Kurt Squire, Reed Stevens, S. Craig Watkins
Author : Dorthe Berntsen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2009-02-26
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780521866163
This study promotes a new interpretation of involuntary autobiographical memories, a phenomenon previously defined as a sign of distress or trauma.
Author : Mary B. Howes
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2006-11-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781452245072
Human Memory: Structures and Images offers students a comprehensive overview of research in human memory. Providing a theoretical background for the research, author Mary B. Howes uses a clear and accessible format to cover three major areas—mainstream experimental research; naturalistic research; and work in the domains of the amnesias, malfunctions of memory, and neuroscience.
Author : Kim H. Veltman
Publisher : University of Calgary Press
Page : 714 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781552381540
This book outlines the development currently underway in the technology of new media and looks further to examine the unforeseen effects of this phenomenon on our culture, our philosophies, and our spiritual outlook.
Author : James M. Lampinen,Denise R. Beike, PhD
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780826109248
cs.psych.applied
Author : Arch G. Woodside
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781785604607
Case Study Research reviews and applies the best literature on case study methods from several disciplines providing strong rationales for adopting case study research methods alone or in mixed-methods. This second edition uses combination of a broad and deep coverage of multiple case study research genres to comprehensively explore the topic.
Author : Dorthe Berntsen,David C. Rubin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-09-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781139576758
The field of autobiographical memory has made dramatic advances since the first collection of papers in the area was published in 1986. Now, over 25 years on, this book reviews and integrates the many theories, perspectives, and approaches that have evolved over the last decades. A truly eminent collection of editors and contributors appraise the basic neural systems of autobiographical memory; its underlying cognitive structures and retrieval processes; how it develops in infancy and childhood, and then breaks down in aging; its social and cultural aspects; and its relation to personality and the self. Autobiographical memory has demonstrated a strong ability to establish clear empirical generalizations, and has shown its practical relevance by deepening our understanding of several clinical disorders - as well as the induction of false memories in the legal system. It has also become an important topic for brain studies, and helped to enlarge our general understanding of the brain.
Author : Pascal Boyer,James V. Wertsch
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2009-06-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780521760782
This text introduces students, scholars, and interested educated readers to the issues of human memory broadly considered, encompassing both individual memory, collective remembering by societies, and the construction of history. The book is organised around several major questions: How do memories construct our past? How do we build shared collective memories? How does memory shape history? This volume presents a special perspective, emphasising the role of memory processes in the construction of self-identity, of shared cultural norms and concepts, and of historical awareness. Although the results are fairly new and the techniques suitably modern, the vision itself is of course related to the work of such precursors as Frederic Bartlett and Aleksandr Luria, who in very different ways represent the starting point of a serious psychology of human culture.
Author : Patricia J. Bauer,Robyn Fivush
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1745 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-09-16
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781118590201
This all-embracing Handbook on the Development of Children’s Memory represents the first place in which critical topics in memory development are covered from multiple perspectives, from infancy through adolescence. Forty-four chapters are written by experienced researchers who have influenced the field. Edited by two of the world’s leading experts on the development of memory Discusses the importance of a developmental perspective on the study of memory The first ever handbook to bring together the world’s leading academics in one reference guide Each section has an introduction written by one of the Editors, who have also written an overall introduction that places the work in historical and contemporary contexts in cognitive and developmental psychology 2 Volumes
Author : Arch G. Woodside
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-06-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136380785
Market-Driven Thinking provides a useful mental model and tools for learning about how executives and customers think within marketplace contexts. When the need to learn about how executives and customer think is recognized, a solution is usually implemented automatically, with no thought given to the relative worth of alternative methods to learn fill the need. Thus, the "dominant logics" (most often implemented methods) to learn about thinking are written surveys and focus group interviews--two research methods that that almost always fail to provide valid and useful answers on how and why executives and customers think the way they do. Through descriptive research, MDT examines the actual thinking and actions by executives and customers related to making marketplace decisions. The book aims to achieve three objectives: * Increase the reader's knowledge of the unconscious and conscious thinking processes of participants marketplace contexts * Provide research tools useful for revealing the unconscious and conscious thinking processes of executives and customers * Provide in-depth examples of these research tools in both business-to-business and business-to-consumer contexts This book asks how we actually go about thinking, examining this process and its influences within the context of B2B and B2C marketplaces in developed nations.
Author : Stefano Cotrozzi
Publisher : A&C Black
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2010-04-29
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780567568380
This monograph on biblical linguistics is a highly specialized, pragmatic investigation of the controversial question of "foregrounding"—the deviation from some norm or convention—in Old Testament narratives. The author presents and examines the two main sources of pragmatic foregrounding: events or states deviating from well-established schemata, structures of reader expectation that can be manipulated by the narrator to highlight specific "chunks" of discourse; and evaluative devices, which are used by the narrator to indicate to the reader the point of the story and direct its interpretation. Cotrozzi critiques the particular evaluative device known as the "historic present", a narrative strategy that employs the present tense to describe past event. He tests two main theories that support this device by using a cross-linguistic model of the historical present drawing upon a variety of languages. Cotrozzi ultimately refutes these theories with a thorough examination and detailed refutation. He concludes with a study of a particular Hebraic verb as a particular marker of represented perception, a technique whereby the character's perceptions are expressed directly from its point of view.
