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Author : George Psacharopoulos,Ying Chu Ng
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 101 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Educacion - America Latina
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Beverley A. Carlson,United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Division of Production, Productivity, and Management
Publisher : Santiago, Chile : [United Nations], ECLAC, Division of Production, Productivity and Management
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCBK:C091083344
Author : ALEJANDRO MANRIQUE. TOLEDO,Alejandro Manrique Toledo Manrique
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021-07-12
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1626379572
Author : Martin Carnoy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1967
Category : Education
ISBN : MINN:31951001541466V
Author : Cristian Aedo,Ian Walker
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 147 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2012-02-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821389355
This report contributes to the debate about the quality of education and returns to education investment in Latin America and the Caribbean. It aims to improve our understanding of the links from investmetn in education and training to labor market outcomes and provide a basis for policy choices that will strengthen future outcomes.
Author : P. Orazem,Z. Tzannatos,Guilherme Sedlacek
Publisher : Springer
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2009-03-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780230620100
This book examines the facts concerning child labour in Latin America, how it varies over time; across countries; and in comparison to other areas of the world. It aims to improve the understanding of root causes and consequences of persistent child labour and to contribute to the policy debate.
Author : Julián Messina,Joana Silva
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-12-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464810404
What caused the decline in wage inequality of the 2000s in Latin America? Looking to the future, will the current economic slowdown be regressive? Wage Inequality in Latin America: Understanding the Past to Prepare for the Future addresses these two questions by reviewing relevant literature and providing new evidence on what we know from the conceptual, empirical, and policy perspectives. The answer to the fi rst question can be broken down into several parts, although the bottom line is that the changes in wage inequality resulted from a combination of three forces: (a) education expansion and its eff ect on falling returns to skill (the supply-side story); (b) shifts in aggregate domestic demand; and (c) exchange rate appreciation from the commodity boom and the associated shift to the nontradable sector that changed interfi rm wage diff erences. Other forces had a non-negligible but secondary role in some countries, while they were not present in others. These include the rapid increase of the minimum wage and a rapid trend toward formalization of employment, which played a supporting role but only during the boom. Understanding the forces behind recent trends also helps to shed light on the second question. The analysis in this volume suggests that the economic slowdown is putting the brakes on the reduction of inequality in Latin America and will likely continue to do so—but it might not actually reverse the region’s movement toward less wage inequality.
Author : Gladys Lopez Acevedo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 67 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Cambio tecnico - Mexico
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Inequality in education accounts for a large share of the inequality in earnings in Mexico. But the increase in earnings inequality does not appear to reflect a worsening in the distribution of education. The cause instead appears to be skill-biased technological change facilitated by increased economic openness.
Author : María Marta Ferreyra,Ciro Avitabile,Javier Botero à?lvarez,Francisco Haimovich Paz
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2017-05-18
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781464810152
"Higher education in Latin America and the Caribbean has expanded dramatically in the past 15 years, as the average gross enrollment rate has more than doubled, and many new institutions and programs have been opened. Although higher education access has become more equitable, and higher education supply has become more varied, many of the 'new' students in the system are, on average, less academically ready than are their more advantaged counterparts. Furthermore, only half of higher education students, on average, complete their degree, and labor market returns to higher education vary greatly across institutions and programs. Thus, higher education is at a crossroads today. Given the region's urgency to raise productivity in a low-growth, fiscally constrained environment, going past this crossroads requires the formation of skilled human capital fast and efficiently. 'At a Crossroads: Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean' contributes to the discussion by studying quality, variety, and equity of higher education in Latin America and the Caribbean. The book presents comprehensive evidence on the recent higher education expansion and evolution of higher education labor market returns. Using novel data and state-of-the-art methods, it studies demand and supply drivers of the recent expansion. It investigates the behavior of institutions and students and explores the unintended consequences of large-scale higher education policies. Framing the analysis are the singular characteristics of the higher education market and the market segmentation induced by the variety of students and institutions in the system. At this crossroads, a role emerges for incentives, information, accountability, and choice."
Author : Martin Carnoy,José Lobo,International Labour Office
Publisher : Saxon House
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105035441885
ILO pub-WEP pub. Report emanating from the WEP on the role of educational policies in equalizing income distribution in Latin America - discusses the implications of two different theories, the neo-classical human capital school and the labour market segmentation school, includes a literature survey of experiences in Mexico, Brazil, Chile and Cuba, and examines recent empirical studies in Peru, etc. Bibliography pp. 105 to 107 and statistical tables.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 147 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:933848542
Author : Hugo Nopo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-09-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821394960
To what extent do individuals with the same observable endowment of human capital receive different salaries on the basis of their gender or ethnicity? What policy options promise to diminish these earnings gaps? This book tries to answer these and other questions using an innovative technique of matching comparisons.
Author : Ricardo Paes de Barros,Francisco H. G. Ferreira,Jose R Molinas Vega,Jaime Saavedra Chanduvi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2008-11-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821377468
Equality of opportunity is about leveling the playing field so that circumstances such as gender, ethnicity, place of birth, or family background do not influence a person s life chances. Success in life should depend on people s choices, effort and talents, not to their circumstances at birth. 'Measuring Inequality of Opportunities in Latin America and the Caribbean' introduces new methods for measuring inequality of opportunities and makes an assessment of its evolution in Latin America over a decade. An innovative Human Opportunity Index and other parametric and non-parametric techniques are presented for quantifying inequality based on circumstances exogenous to individual efforts. These methods are applied to gauge inequality of opportunities in access to basic services for children, learning achievement for youth, and income and consumption for adults.
Author : Thomas J. La Belle
Publisher : Los Angeles : Latin American Center, University of California
Page : 764 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Economic development
ISBN : UCAL:B3626068
Author : Cristian Aedo,Ian Walker
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 147 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2012-02-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821389713
This report contributes to the debate about the quality of education and returns to education investment in Latin America and the Caribbean (LCR). It aims to improve our understanding of the links from investment in education and training to labor market outcomes and to provide a basis for policy choices that will strengthen future outcomes. The report is organized in four main chapters. Chapter 2 documents the recent downturn in education earnings premia using standard 'mincerian' regressions based on household survey data. Chapter 3 explores the underlying supply-side and demand-side drivers of the trends in premia. It documents the recent expansion of education coverage in LCR, benchmarks it against other regions, and presents an in-depth analysis of the relative importance of shifts in the supply and demand for skills in generating declining earnings premia. Using a methodological approach first developed by Katz and Murphy, it concludes that demand-side changes appear to be the critical factor. It also analyzes the role of institutional factors, finding that minimum wages also have likely played an important role in the compression of labor earnings. Chapter 4 focuses on trends in student achievement and the cost-effectiveness of secondary education. It analyzes trends data from the OECDs PISA survey of 15-year-old children in secondary education which covered nine LCR countries in 2009. It shows that achievement is improving slowly, but remains well behind the OECD. It presents benchmarking evidence suggesting that LCR may be both under-resourcing secondary education and also getting poor returns per dollar invested -- a classic low-quality equilibrium. Chapter 5 presents evidence on the fit between the skill set of LCR workers and the needs of the economy, applying an approach first developed by Levy and Murnane in the U.S.A. Analysis of the industrial composition of employment in four countries suggests that LCR is lagging in those industries that require relatively sophisticated 'new economy' skills in the U.S.A. Further evidence that cutting-edge firms in LCR might be facing skill constraints comes from the hiring lags registered in enterprise surveys.
