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Author : Käthe Bachler,John M. Living
Publisher : Holistic Intuition Society
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9780968632352
The authors compile a record of the identification and location of energies from the Earth which are noxious to human beings and others.
Author : Allison Jaynes,Maria Usanova
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128133996
The Dynamic Loss of Earth's Radiation Belts: From Loss in the Magnetosphere to Particle Precipitation in the Atmosphere presents a timely review of data from various explorative missions, including the Van Allen Probes, the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (which aims to determine magnetopause losses), the completion of four BARREL balloon campaigns, and several CubeSat missions focusing on precipitation losses. This is the first book in the area to include a focus on loss, and not just acceleration and radial transport. Bringing together two communities, the book includes contributions from experts with knowledge in both precipitation mechanisms and the effects on the atmosphere. There is a direct link between what gets lost in the magnetospheric radiation environment and the energy deposited in the layers of our atmosphere. Very recently, NASA’s Living With a Star program identified a new, targeted research topic that addresses this question, highlighting the timeliness of this precise science. The Dynamic Loss of Earth's Radiation Belts brings together scientists from the space and atmospheric science communities to examine both the causes and effects of particle loss in the magnetosphere. Examines both the causes and effects of particle loss in the magnetosphere from multiple perspectives Presents interdisciplinary content that bridges the gap, through communication and collaboration, between the magnetospheric and atmospheric communities Fills a gap in the literature by focusing on loss in the radiation belt, which is especially timely based on data from the Van Allen Probes, the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission, and other projects Includes contributions from various experts in the field that is organized and collated by a clear-and-consistent editorial team
Author : Muhammad Iqbal
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323151818
An Introduction to Solar Radiation is an introductory text on solar radiation, with emphasis on the methods of calculation for determining the amount of solar radiation incident on a surface on the earth. Topics covered include the astronomical relationship between the sun and the earth; thermal radiation; the solar constant and its spectral distribution; and extraterrestrial solar irradiation. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of the trigonometric relationships between the sun-earth line and the position of an inclined surface, followed by a discussion on the characteristics of blackbody radiation. The next chapter focuses on the solar constant and its spectral distribution, paying particular attention to extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance and the sun's blackbody temperature. Subsequent chapters explore extraterrestrial and radiation incident on inclined planes; the optics of a cloudless-sky atmosphere; solar spectral radiation and total (broadband) radiation under cloudless skies; and solar radiation arriving at horizontal surfaces on the earth through cloudy skies. The ground albedo and its spectral and angular variation are also described, along with insolation on inclined surfaces. The last chapter is devoted to instruments for measuring solar radiation, including pyrheliometers and pyranometers. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for energy analysts, designers of thermal devices, architects and engineers, agronomists, and hydrologists as well as senior graduate students.
Author : Viorel Badescu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 517 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2008-02-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783540774556
Solar radiation data is important for a wide range of applications, e.g. in engineering, agriculture, health sector, and in many fields of the natural sciences. A few examples showing the diversity of applications may include: architecture and building design, e.g. air conditioning and cooling systems; solar heating system design and use; solar power generation; evaporation and irrigation; calculation of water requirements for crops; monitoring plant growth and disease control; skin cancer research.
Author : Ivan G. Draganic,Jean-Pierre Adloff
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2020-08-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000102062
This book features information regarding the Chernobyl nuclear accident, the production of elementary particles, radiation exposure, the geopolitical effects of the end of the nuclear arms race between the U.S. and the former Soviet Union, and the future of nuclear power.
Author : Ivan G. Draganic,Jean-Pierre Adloff
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000144376
This book features information regarding the Chernobyl nuclear accident, the production of elementary particles, radiation exposure, the geopolitical effects of the end of the nuclear arms race between the U.S. and the former Soviet Union, and the future of nuclear power.
Author : Nicola Fox,James L. Burch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 647 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781489974334
Documents the science, the mission, the spacecraft and the instrumentation on a unique NASA mission to study the Earth’s dynamic, dangerous and fascinating Van Allen radiation belts that surround the planet This collection of articles provides broad and detailed information about NASA’s Van Allen Probes (formerly known as the Radiation Belt Storm Probes) twin-spacecraft Earth-orbiting mission. The mission has the objective of achieving predictive understanding of the dynamic, intense, energetic, dangerous, and presently unpredictable belts of energetic particles that are magnetically trapped in Earth’s space environment above the atmosphere. It documents the science of the radiation belts and the societal benefits of achieving predictive understanding. Detailed information is provided about the Van Allen Probes mission design, the spacecraft, the science investigations, and the onboard instrumentation that must all work together to make unprecedented measurements within a most unforgiving environment, the core of Earth’s most intense radiation regions. This volume is aimed at graduate students and researchers active in space science, solar-terrestrial interactions and studies of the upper atmosphere. Originally published in Space Science Reviews, Vol. 179/1-4, 2013.
Author : Lucien Wald
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000380231
The sun radiates a tremendous amount of energy, called solar energy or solar radiation, which is the main natural source of energy on the Earth, by far. Because solar radiation is the almost unique supplier of energy to the Earth, it has a primary influence on life and activities on the Earth. The climate is a first example, but there are many others, such as plant growth or human health, or even the design of buildings, the production of energy, notably electrical and thermal, or even aging materials. This book aims to provide simple answers to anyone who has questions about solar radiation. Its ambition is to help by presenting the fundamental elements of the solar radiation received on the ground. The book includes many examples and numerous illustrations, as well as some simple but fairly precise equations to calculate the various elements covered and to reproduce the figures and graphs. The first of the three parts of this book is devoted to the relative geometry between the direction of the sun and an observer on the ground as well as to the solar radiation emitted by the sun and received at the top of the atmosphere. The orbit of the Earth around the sun and the solar declination are described. The concept of time is introduced which is closely linked to the solar cycle and the rotation of the Earth on itself. Equations are given to calculate the solar radiation received on a horizontal or inclined surface located at the top of the atmosphere. The spectral distribution of the extraterrestrial solar radiation is described. The second part of this book addresses how the solar radiation incident at the top of the atmosphere is attenuated and modified in its downward path to the ground. The reflection of the radiation by the ground is presented. The solar radiation received on the ground by a horizontal or inclined collector plane, such as a natural slope or a rooftop, is discussed, as well as its spectral distribution. The variability of the radiation is addressed in relation to the properties of solar radiation estimated from the measurements. The third part deals with direct or indirect measurements of the solar radiation received on the ground over a given integration time (minute, hour, day, or month), whether for total radiation or radiation in a spectral range such as ultraviolet (UV), or daylight, or photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). It also explains how to check the plausibility of the measurements. Fundamentals of Solar Radiation will be a valuable resource to all professionals, engineers, researchers, students, and other practitioners that seek an understanding of solar radiation.
Author : Bartele de Jong
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Solar radiation
ISBN : UCSD:31822025466202
Author : Ivan G. Draganic#x10;þ
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1088061804
Author : H. Lee Kyle
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Albedo
ISBN : UCAL:C3205134
Author : H. Lee Kyle
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Albedo
ISBN : UCAL:C3205642
Author : F. G. Cunningham
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1961
Category : Albedo
ISBN : UIUC:30112106591545
GE ERAL CALCULA ION IS GIVEN OF THE EARTH'S ALBEDO INPUT TO A SP ERICAL S TELLITE, IT H U P ION HA TH EARTH CAN BE CONSIDERED A DIFFUSELY REFLECTING SPHERE. The re ult are presented in general form so that appropriate values for the solar constant and albedo of the earth can be used as more accurate values become available. The re ults are also pre ented graphically; the incident power is determin d on th a umption th the mean solar constant is 1,353,000 ergs p r sq cm per sec and t e albedo of the earth is 0.34. (Author).
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 12 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Climatology
ISBN : UIUC:30112104410714
Author : Robert S. Kandel
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483158037
Earth and Cosmos presents a comprehensive view of the many connections between the environment of Man on Earth and the environment of the Earth in the cosmos. Topics covered range from matter, radiation, and the basic forces of nature to Earth's relation to the universe, the galaxy, and the sun. The energy balance and global circulation of the atmosphere are also discussed, along with continents, oceans, and climate. This book is comprised of 13 chapters and begins with an overview of the environment of Man on Earth, with emphasis on the Earth's chemical composition and how it is related to both cosmic and terrestrial processes; the radiation environment at the Earth's surface and above; how the atmosphere interacts with both solar and terrestrial radiation; and climate. The following chapters explore matter, radiation, and the laws of nature in relation to the universe; how the terrestrial environment is related to the structure of the universe as a whole; how the composition of the solar system and the Earth reflects the history of the galaxy; and the stability of the Earth's environment. The origins of life on Earth and the impact of human activities on the planet are also considered. The last chapter speaks of the future of humanity, and notably of the problem of the population explosion and its consequences. This monograph will be of interest to students, astronomers, planetary scientists, astrophysicists, biologists, chemists, and geologists.