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Author : Stephen B. Libby,Karl A. Van Bibber Publisher : World Scientific Page : 177 pages File Size : 51,8 Mb Release : 2010 Category : Science ISBN : 9789812838001
Edward Teller Centennial Symposium by Stephen B. Libby,Karl A. Van Bibber Pdf
This proceedings volume, for the symposium in honor of Edward Teller's 100th anniversary, focuses on Teller's scientific legacy. This legacy includes some of the most fundamental insights into the quantum behaviors of molecules, nuclei, surfaces, solid state and spin systems and plasmas. Many of these are brand names from the canon of 20th-century physics and chemistry, such as Gamow-Teller transitions, the Jahn-Teller effect, Goldhaber-Teller resonances, the Lyddane-Sachs-Teller relation, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller equation of state, and the MR2T2 algorithm. All of these have had a profound and continuing impact on science - as has Teller's work on level crossing, diamagnetism, and plasma and statistical physics. The legacies of these discoveries are discussed in this volume, as is Teller's role in applied science and education.
Wisdom of the Martians of Science by Balazs Hargittai,István Hargittai Pdf
' Wisdom of the Martians of Science refers to five scientists whose brilliance contributed to shaping the modern world. John von Neumann was a pioneer of the modern computer; Theodore von Kármán was the scientist behind the US Air Force; Leo Szilard initiated the development of nuclear weapons; the Nobel laureate Eugene P Wigner was the world''s first nuclear engineer; and Edward Teller was the father of the hydrogen bomb. They were born and raised in Budapest, were forced out of Hungary and then from Germany, they became Americans, and devoted themselves to the defense of the United States and the Free World. They contributed significant discoveries to fundamental science ranging from the properties of materials to the application of the symmetry principle in physics, to creating information theory, to game theory. The areas in which we can learn about their wisdom include applications of science to past, present and future real-world needs; defense; education; environment; human nature; humor; politics; religion; weather modification, and others. This book shows the wisdom of the Martians by presenting their thoughts and ideas in their own words and placing them into context. Their wisdom is intriguing, witty, provocative and thought provoking. It extended over many aspects of life and culture that impinge on our existence. While we cannot always agree with what they say, they are never boring. The power of their words and their philosophies will inspire the readers to pursue their own dreams. Contents:IntroductionJohn von Neumann''s WisdomTheodore von Kármán''s WisdomLeo Szilard''s WisdomEugene P Wigner''s WisdomEdward Teller''s WisdomFinal Thoughts Readership: Scientists and lay persons. Keywords:John von Neumann;Theodore von Kármán;Leo Szilard;Edward Teller;Eugene Wigner;Martians of Science "This book is about five famous scientists, whose lives followed similar paths in the rocky terrains of the twentieth century. As Jewish–Hungarians they had to immigrate to the United States; as outstanding scientists, they were leading figures in the development of modern physics and computer science; and as believers in democracy and freedom, they assumed important roles in the global political fight for these ideas. The book by Balazs Hargittai and István Hargittai presents their views, feelings and wisdom through quotes from their writings, with comments from the authors. This makes a fascinating, memorable and sometimes provocative reading." László Lovász President of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Wolf-Prize Laureate Mathematician "Balazs and István Hargittai have produced a wonderful book, which should be on every scientist''s coffee table and in the reading room of every university library. The book is not only immensely interesting, but also illustrated with an exceptional collection of photographs." Anders Bárány former Deputy Director of the Nobel Museum, Stockholm "Wisdom comes with age, yet much of the wisdom collected here was acquired long before its time. Mathematical talent gave these five Hungarians an early start, sharpened by the turmoil in Europe through which they were forced to make their escape. The refuge they found in America gave them time and opportunity to reflect. Here, set in just the right amount of historical context, is a group portrait of their time. Insights abound — yet the miracle of how this constellation of genius appeared at this critical moment in history remains no less astonishing for being so well explained." George Dyson author of Turing''s Cathedral: The Origin of the Digital Universe "Wisdom of the Martians of Science is unputdownable for anyone curious about how science in the mid-twentieth century transformed our planet. Five Hungarians, the ''Martians'', in America led this transformation. Geniuses all but each very different. We hear them in their words, placed in context, to marvel how oppression and adversity did not bend their drive. No matter what our opinions of each of them, and some such as Teller generate strong responses, we cannot but be amazed at their ''octopus-like'' approaches. Their tentacles curl around every problem from basic to applied, from politics to defence, from making bombs to making peace. These are the Hargittais at their best, taking us back in time to sit on a roller-coaster ride through science. Fasten your seat belts and enjoy." K VijayRaghavan FRS, Distinguished Professor and former Director of The National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore "I recommend highly the Hargittais'' book. It is a stimulating read of the thinking and views of five Hungarian born scientists (the fictional Martians). They significantly contributed to fundamental changes of our life from the harnessing of the energy of the atom (and the need to live with the atom bomb) to the emergence of the computer age." George A Olah Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, 1994 "Five scientific pioneers were outstanding geniuses, first as a group of Budapest boys, then as bravely original individuals in their science, social ideas, and spiritual insights. This book reveals both their brilliance and their humanity." William Lanouette author of Genius in the Shadows: A Biography of Leo Szilard, the Man Behind the Bomb "Wisdom of the Martians of Science is a strong and often charming group profile of five great Hungarian scientists of an earlier age. The book is simple in structure, learned and reasonable in tone, and generous with photographs and telling details. It is a marvelous book and I hope that it finds a wide audience." Andrew Szanton co-author of The Recollections of Eugene P Wigner "No one is better acquainted with the lives of the Martians of Science — five Hungarian geniuses who put their extraordinary talents to work in the cause of democracy and freedom — than the father-and-son team of Istvan and Balazs Hargittai. With widely-varying personalities, from the imperious Edward Teller to the courteous, soft-spoken Eugene Wigner, the five had in common, in addition to their incredible brains, a shared history as émigré Hungarian Jews who made new lives in the United States, and whose contributions in the fields of physics, rocketry, and computer development played a critical role in their adopted country''s victory in World War II. Much has been written about these men, but only the Hargittais have allowed us a glimpse into their souls through their own words, put in context by the authors. I am the daughter of one of the Martians, John von Neumann, and knew several of the others personally, but this group portrait has given me new insights that I treasure." Marina v N Whitman Professor of Business Administration & Public Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and author of The Martian''s Daughter '
Winning and Losing the Nuclear Peace by Michael Krepon Pdf
The definitive guide to the history of nuclear arms control by a wise eavesdropper and masterful storyteller, Michael Krepon. The greatest unacknowledged diplomatic achievement of the Cold War was the absence of mushroom clouds. Deterrence alone was too dangerous to succeed; it needed arms control to prevent nuclear warfare. So, U.S. and Soviet leaders ventured into the unknown to devise guardrails for nuclear arms control and to treat the Bomb differently than other weapons. Against the odds, they succeeded. Nuclear weapons have not been used in warfare for three quarters of a century. This book is the first in-depth history of how the nuclear peace was won by complementing deterrence with reassurance, and then jeopardized by discarding arms control after the Cold War ended. Winning and Losing the Nuclear Peace tells a remarkable story of high-wire acts of diplomacy, close calls, dogged persistence, and extraordinary success. Michael Krepon brings to life the pitched battles between arms controllers and advocates of nuclear deterrence, the ironic twists and unexpected outcomes from Truman to Trump. What began with a ban on atmospheric testing and a nonproliferation treaty reached its apogee with treaties that mandated deep cuts and corralled "loose nukes" after the Soviet Union imploded. After the Cold War ended, much of this diplomatic accomplishment was cast aside in favor of freedom of action. The nuclear peace is now imperiled by no less than four nuclear-armed rivalries. Arms control needs to be revived and reimagined for Russia and China to prevent nuclear warfare. New guardrails have to be erected. Winning and Losing the Nuclear Peace is an engaging account of how the practice of arms control was built from scratch, how it was torn down, and how it can be rebuilt.
Discover the secrets of the subatomic universe on an exciting journey through the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. This book pulls back the curtain on a world where reality surpasses fiction, where particles can exist simultaneously in multiple states through superposition and be entangled across cosmic distances, challenging our understanding of space and time. Through clear exposition requiring no prior knowledge, readers will delve into concepts such as wave-particle duality, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, and Schrödinger's intriguing wave function, which are the foundation of revolutionary technologies in quantum computing and cryptography. This work not only provides a solid understanding of theoretical foundations but also explores the philosophical and practical implications these have on our daily lives and how they are shaping the future of science and technology. Perfect for students, enthusiasts, and anyone interested in the mysteries of quantum behavior, this book is an essential guide to understanding how quantum concepts are transforming our world.
Proceedings Of The Julian Schwinger Centennial Conference by Englert Berthold-georg Pdf
The Julian Schwinger Centennial Conference of 2018 assembled many of Schwinger's students, colleagues, and friends to celebrate this towering figure of twentieth century physics one hundred years after his birth. This proceedings volume collects talks delivered on this occasion. They cover a wide range of topics, all related to Schwinger's rich scientific legacy — supplemented by personal recollections about Julian Schwinger, the physicist, the teacher, and the gentleman.Also included are an essay of 1985, co-authored by Schwinger but not published previously, as well as the transcripts of speeches by distinguished colleagues at the 1978 gathering when Schwinger's sixtieth birthday was celebrated.
"Oppenheimer reveals its subject as both an expert working on behalf of the state and an intellectual with broad cultural and moral authority. Oppenheimer played a crucial role not only in defining the task of the physicist as nuclear weaponeer, but also in expounding the wider cultural meanings and moral responsibilities associated with that task. The controversy over the hydrogen bomb and Oppenheimer's public fall from grace in the 1954 loyalty-security hearings, Thorpe argues, revealed fundamental tensions at the heart of the modern technoscientific state, raising questions about the responsibility scientists should take for the technologies of death they produce." "Oppenheimer maps out changes in the roles of scientists and intellectuals in twentieth-century America, ultimately revealing transformations in Oppenheimer's persona that coincided with changing attitudes toward science in society."--BOOK JACKET.
Conceptual Foundations for Multidisciplinary Thinking by Stephen Jay Kline Pdf
Our current intellectual system provides us with a far more complete and accurate understanding of nature and ourselves than was available in any previous society. This gain in understanding has arisen from two sources: the use of the 'scientific method', and the breaking up of our intellectual enterprise into increasingly narrower disciplines and research programs. However, we have failed to keep these narrow specialities connected to the intellectual enterprise as a whole. The author demonstrates that this causes a number of difficulties. We have no viewpoint from which we can understand the relationships between the disciplines and lack a forum for adjudicating situations where different disciplines give conflicting answers to the same problem. We seriously underestimate the differences in methodology and in the nature of principles in the various branches of science. This provocative and wide-ranging book provides a detailed analysis and possible solutions for dealing with this problem.
Social Marketing by Gerard Hastings,Christine Domegan Pdf
Social Marketing shows how marketing techniques can be used to social ends and tackle the immense challenges humankind faces. Social inequalities have driven popular revolts, from Black Lives Matter to Brexit, the climate is in crisis, and COVID-19 has highlighted power imbalances across the globe. In these turbulent times, this fourth edition will arm you with: Fresh content on climate breakdown, inequality and diversity, public health and poverty The critical capacity to analyse the origins, workings and future of our economic system Contemporary case studies from around the world demonstrating how change happens Reflective questions and critical thinking tasks to aid understanding This popular introductory textbook has been fully updated to enable you to challenge the bad, champion the good and enact meaningful change. If you already have marketing know-how, then it will help you apply this in a health, social and ecological context. If you come from a social science, public health or ecological background, and have little knowledge of marketing, it will introduce you to its key principles and give you the chance to apply these ideas in familiar settings.
Diving deep into the world of corporate marketing, this incisive and eye-opening work shows how, in the hands of the corporation, business has become manipulative, divisive and disastrously at odds with the needs of the natural world. It calls on us to rethink and rebel. The corporate marketing blitz is driven by a simple economic truth: profits depend on demand always exceeding supply. A multi-billion-dollar global industry has therefore been created with the sole aim of turning us into devout consumers. Gerard Hastings invites us to explore alternatives to a system that is threatening our survival. He explores what it is to be human, how marketing can be used to do good rather than harm and the potential of alternative models that empower us to be citizens, not just consumers. Professionals and students in the business, marketing, public health, environmental and political sectors – as well as concerned citizens who know that business as usual is not an option – will value this accessible guide to what is going wrong with our current business models and how these failings can be addressed.
Albert Einstein, Historical and Cultural Perspectives by Gerald Holton,Yehuda Elkana Pdf
Based on papers presented at the Jerusalem Einstein Centennial Symposium in March 1979, this volume sets forth an articulated sequence of chapters on the impact of Einstein's work, not only in science but in humanistic studies and problems such as international security in the nuclear age. Originally published in 1982. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Proceedings of the Tesla Centennial Symposium Held at Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States of America, August 9-12, 1984 by Anonim Pdf
