Effective Market Access For Least Developed Countries Services Exports Case Study On Utilizing The World Trade Organization Services Waiver In Cambodia

Author : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2020-06-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210048644

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Effective Market Access for Least Developed Countries’ Services Exports, Case Study on Utilizing the World Trade Organization Services Waiver in Cambodia by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Pdf

The LDC Waiver is a legal tool that enables WTO Members to sidestep their obligation to treat all services imports equally under the Most-Favoured Nation (MFN) clause through the granting preferential treatment to services and service exporters from a Least Developed Country (LDC). It is similar to the “Enabling Clause” for goods within the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), except that the Waiver only benefits LDCs, not all developing countries. It operates thus as an “LDC-only Enabling Clause for services”. The Waiver only enables preferences, it does not require WTO Members to grant them, nor provide them with specific ideas or tools to facilitate LDCs’ exports into their markets. This paper presents the findings of the pilot study on Cambodia. Focusing on a selection of services sectors of particular export interest to Cambodia, this case-study assesses, where appropriate on an anecdotal basis, whether and to what extent the preferences granted by WTO Members respond to the market access, regulatory and other barriers experienced by Cambodia’s services exporters in their export market(s). By converging all available sources of information, the analysis aims to identify the relevance of the notified preferences for Cambodia’s services exports, possible gaps and opportunities for further development of improved market access mechanisms, as well as its utilization by LDCS’ services exporters.

Author : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2020-06-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210048651

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Effective Market Access for Least Developed Countries’ Services Exports, Case Study on Utilizing the World Trade Organization Services Waiver in Nepal by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Pdf

The LDC Waiver is a legal tool that enables WTO Members to sidestep their obligation to treat all services imports equally under the Most-Favoured Nation (MFN) clause through the granting preferential treatment to services and service exporters from a Least Developed Country (LDC). It is similar to the “Enabling Clause” for goods within the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), except that the Waiver only benefits LDCs, not all developing countries. It operates thus as an “LDC-only Enabling Clause for services”. The Waiver only enables preferences, it does not require WTO Members to grant them, nor provide them with specific ideas or tools to facilitate LDCs’ exports into their markets. This paper presents the findings of the pilot study on Nepal. Focusing on a selection of services sectors of particular export interest to Nepal, this case-study assesses, where appropriate on an anecdotal basis, whether and to what extent the preferences granted by WTO Members respond to the market access, regulatory and other barriers experienced by Nepal’s services exporters in their export market(s). By converging all available sources of information, the analysis aims to identify the relevance of the notified preferences for Nepal’s services exports, possible gaps and opportunities for further development of improved market access mechanisms, as well as its utilization by LDC services exporters.

Author : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210045957

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Effective Market Access for Least Developed Countries’ Services Exports, An Analysis of the World Trade Organization Services Waiver for Least Developed Countries by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Pdf

The LDC Waiver is a legal tool that enables WTO Members to sidestep their obligation to treat all services imports equally under the Most-Favoured Nation (MFN) clause through the granting preferential treatment to services and service exporters from a Least Developed Country (LDC). It is similar to the “Enabling Clause” for goods within the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), except that the Waiver only benefits LDCs, not all developing countries. It operates thus as an “LDC-only Enabling Clause for services”. The Waiver only enables preferences, it does not require WTO Members to grant them, nor provide them with specific ideas or tools to facilitate LDCs’ exports into their markets. Four country specific papers related to service exports in Cambodia, Nepal, Senegal and Zambia were undertaken with a view to help identify, design and implement smart mechanisms to facilitate LDCs’ services exports. This paper draws upon the insights and findings of those four country papers to provide a condensed overview that will help LDCs increase their services exports.

Author : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210048668

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Effective Market Access for Least Developed Countries’ Services Exports, Case Study on Utilizing the World Trade Organization Services Waiver in Senegal by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Pdf

The LDC Waiver is a legal tool that enables WTO Members to sidestep their obligation to treat all services imports equally under the Most-Favoured Nation (MFN) clause through the granting preferential treatment to services and service exporters from a Least Developed Country (LDC). It is similar to the “Enabling Clause” for goods within the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), except that the Waiver only benefits LDCs, not all developing countries. It operates thus as an “LDC-only Enabling Clause for services”. The Waiver only enables preferences, it does not require WTO Members to grant them, nor provide them with specific ideas or tools to facilitate LDCs’ exports into their markets. This paper presents the findings of the pilot study on Senegal. Focusing on a selection of services sectors of particular export interest to Senegal, this case-study assesses, where appropriate on an anecdotal basis, whether and to what extent the preferences granted by WTO Members respond to the market access, regulatory and other barriers experienced by Senegal’s services exporters in their export market(s). By converging all available sources of information, the analysis aims to identify the relevance of the notified preferences for Senegal’s services exports, possible gaps and opportunities for further development of improved market access mechanisms, as well as its utilization by LDC services exporters.

Author : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210048675

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Effective Market Access for Least Developed Countries’ Services Exports, Case Study on Utilizing the World Trade Organization Services Waiver in Zambia by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Pdf

The LDC Waiver is a legal tool that enables WTO Members to sidestep their obligation to treat all services imports equally under the Most-Favoured Nation (MFN) clause through the granting preferential treatment to services and service exporters from a Least Developed Country (LDC). It is similar to the “Enabling Clause” for goods within the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), except that the Waiver only benefits LDCs, not all developing countries. It operates thus as an “LDC-only Enabling Clause for services”. The Waiver only enables preferences, it does not require WTO Members to grant them, nor provide them with specific ideas or tools to facilitate LDCs’ exports into their markets. This paper presents the findings of the pilot study on Zambia. Focusing on a selection of services sectors of particular export interest to Zambia, this case-study assesses, where appropriate on an anecdotal basis, whether and to what extent the preferences granted by WTO Members respond to the market access, regulatory and other barriers experienced by Zambia’s services exporters in their export market(s). By converging all available sources of information, the analysis aims to identify the relevance of the notified preferences for Zambia’s services exports, possible gaps and opportunities for further development of improved market access mechanisms, as well as its utilization by LDC services exporters.

Author : United Nations Publications
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2020-07-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 921112963X

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Effective Market Access for Least Developed Countries' Services Exports by United Nations Publications Pdf

The LDC Waiver is a legal tool that enables WTO Members to sidestep their obligation to treat all services imports equally under the Most-Favoured Nation (MFN) clause through the granting preferential treatment to services and service exporters from a Least Developed Country (LDC). It is similar to the "Enabling Clause" for goods within the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), except that the Waiver only benefits LDCs, not all developing countries. It operates thus as an "LDC-only Enabling Clause for services". The Waiver only enables preferences, it does not require WTO Members to grant them, nor provide them with specific ideas or tools to facilitate LDCs' exports into their markets. Four country specific papers related to service exports in Cambodia, Nepal, Senegal and Zambia were undertaken with a view to help identify, design and implement smart mechanisms to facilitate LDCs' services exports. This paper draws upon the insights and findings of those four country papers to provide a condensed overview that will help LDCs increase their services exports.

Author : World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789280523089

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Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade by World Intellectual Property Organization Pdf

This study has emerged from an ongoing program of trilateral cooperation between WHO, WTO and WIPO. It responds to an increasing demand, particularly in developing countries, for strengthened capacity for informed policy-making in areas of intersection between health, trade and IP, focusing on access to and innovation of medicines and other medical technologies.

Author : World Bank;World Trade Organization
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-09-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464815560

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Women and Trade by World Bank;World Trade Organization Pdf

Trade can dramatically improve women’s lives, creating new jobs, enhancing consumer choices, and increasing women’s bargaining power in society. It can also lead to job losses and a concentration of work in low-skilled employment. Given the complexity and specificity of the relationship between trade and gender, it is essential to assess the potential impact of trade policy on both women and men and to develop appropriate, evidence-based policies to ensure that trade helps to enhance opportunities for all. Research on gender equality and trade has been constrained by limited data and a lack of understanding of the connections among the economic roles that women play as workers, consumers, and decision makers. Building on new analyses and new sex-disaggregated data, Women and Trade: The Role of Trade in Promoting Gender Equality aims to advance the understanding of the relationship between trade and gender equality and to identify a series of opportunities through which trade can improve the lives of women.

Author : Banque asiatique de développement,WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION SECRETARIAT.
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2022-01-25
Category : Business logistics
ISBN : 9287054290

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Global Value Chain Development Report 2021 by Banque asiatique de développement,WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION SECRETARIAT. Pdf

A radical shift is underway in global value chains as they increasingly move beyond traditional manufacturing processes to services and other intangible assets. Digitization is a leading factor in this transformation, which is being accelerated by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The Global Value Chain Development Report, the third of a biennial series, explores this shift beyond production. The report shows how the rise of services value chains offers a new path to development and how protectionism and geopolitical tensions, environmental risks, and pandemics are undermining the stability of global value chains and forcing their reorganization geographically. It is co-published by the WTO, the Asian Development Bank, the Research Institute for Global Value Chains at the University of International Business and Economics, the Institute of Developing Economies, and the China Development Research Foundation.

Author : Sok Siphana
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015063101045

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Lessons from Cambodia's Entry Into the World Trade Organization by Sok Siphana Pdf

Author : United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-12-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210576321

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Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report 2015 by United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific Pdf

Part I of this report assesses trends and developments in regional trade and investment flows and policies in an attempt to provide the insights and information necessary to separate the cyclical from the structural aspects. Part II analyses the participation of Asia-Pacific economies in global and regional value chains. By observing how economies at different levels of development have integrated into supply chains at different speeds and to varying extents, we can cast light on those policies that influence and shape value chain participation, and hence influence future patterns of trade and investment. The particular features of participation in value chains also have an impact on the ability of countries to access foreign technology and build innovative capacity, which in turn influences structural change and future development options.

Author : Teddy Y. Soobramanien,Leah Worrall
Publisher : Commonwealth Secretariat
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781849291729

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Emerging Trade Issues for Small Developing Countries by Teddy Y. Soobramanien,Leah Worrall Pdf

Emerging Trade Issues for Small Developing Countries seeks to help Commonwealth developing countries adapt to emerging trade issues such as climate change, e-commerce, implementation of the SDGs, and the role of Micro, Small and Medium-sized enterprises and GVCs . It addresses systemic issues that impact on the participation in the multilateral trading system and WTO negotiations.

Author : United Nations. Economic and Social Council. Committee for Development Policy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9211046904

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Handbook on the Least Developed Country Category by United Nations. Economic and Social Council. Committee for Development Policy Pdf

Contains an updated comprehensive explanation of the criteria, procedures and methodology used in establishing which countries are eligible for inclusion in, or recommended for graduation from, the least developed country (LDC) category. It also provides an overview of the special support measures that can be derived from having least developed country status.

Author : Andrea Ciani,Marie Caitriona Hyland,Nona Karalashvili,Jennifer L. Keller,Trang Thu Tran
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464815584

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Making It Big by Andrea Ciani,Marie Caitriona Hyland,Nona Karalashvili,Jennifer L. Keller,Trang Thu Tran Pdf

Economic and social progress requires a diverse ecosystem of firms that play complementary roles. Making It Big: Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms constitutes one of the most up-to-date assessments of how large firms are created in low- and middle-income countries and their role in development. It argues that large firms advance a range of development objectives in ways that other firms do not: large firms are more likely to innovate, export, and offer training and are more likely to adopt international standards of quality, among other contributions. Their particularities are closely associated with productivity advantages and translate into improved outcomes not only for their owners but also for their workers and for smaller enterprises in their value chains. The challenge for economic development, however, is that production does not reach economic scale in low- and middle-income countries. Why are large firms scarcer in developing countries? Drawing on a rare set of data from public and private sources, as well as proprietary data from the International Finance Corporation and case studies, this book shows that large firms are often born large—or with the attributes of largeness. In other words, what is distinct about them is often in place from day one of their operations. To fill the “missing top†? of the firm-size distribution with additional large firms, governments should support the creation of such firms by opening markets to greater competition. In low-income countries, this objective can be achieved through simple policy reorientation, such as breaking oligopolies, removing unnecessary restrictions to international trade and investment, and establishing strong rules to prevent the abuse of market power. Governments should also strive to ensure that private actors have the skills, technology, intelligence, infrastructure, and finance they need to create large ventures. Additionally, they should actively work to spread the benefits from production at scale across the largest possible number of market participants. This book seeks to bring frontier thinking and evidence on the role and origins of large firms to a wide range of readers, including academics, development practitioners and policy makers.

Author : United Nations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9211129982

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The Least Developed Countries Report 2020 by United Nations Pdf

This series contains the decisions of the Court in both the English and French texts.